Art History Chapters 9, 10, 11

The word photography literally means

"light-writing"

The QR5 wind turbine is an innovative green product designed to be smaller, less noisy, and more user-friendly than standard wind turbines. The "QR" of the turbine's name stands for both the company's name and its main selling point, which is

"quiet revolution"

The device invented in the sixteenth century as a means of capturing and fixing images from the natural world whose name means "dark room" is the

camera obscura

Graphic design is a creative process employing art and technology to

communicate ideas, sell products, and delight our senses

One of the earliest forms of photographic images was a

daguerreotype

Many contemporary photographers use new _______ technology, exemplified by Jeff Wall's Boy Falls from a Tree.

digital

Director Ridley Scott, first trained as a visual artist, states that _______ play(s) a strong role in his creative process.

drawing and storyboarding

Oskar Fischinger's Circles is considered to be the first

experimental film

During the 1940s, a new style of film focusing on the dark side of the American dream, called _______, originated in Hollywood.

film noir

Heidi Cody's American Alphabet is a set of light boxes, which feature the isolated first letters of American _______ products.

grocery

An identifying mark or trademark is referred to as a(n)

logo

One of Russian filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein's major contributions to film was his skilled use of_______ to heighten the dramatic intensity.

montage

Eadweard Muybridge is best known for photographing people and animals in

motion

After perfecting the photographic process, Louis Daguerre was able to include _______ in his photographs, as seen in his 1839 photo Le Boulevard du Temple.

people

Film depends on a phenomenon called _______, in which the human brain retains a visual image for a fraction of a second longer than the human eye records it, making everything we see continuous and uninterrupted.

persistence of vision

Julia Margaret Cameron's Paul and Virginia is an example of how many nineteenth-century photographers were influenced by_____, in choosing to photograph her subject in a close-up shot and with carefully controlled lighting to enhance the atmosphere.

portrait painters

In filmmaking, each unbroken sequence of movie frames, with the camera still rolling, is called a

shot

Although color photographic film was available to artists in the early twentieth century, many preferred black-and-white film because it was less expensive and less susceptible to technical problems, and because color prints

tended to fade over time

A title sequence is

the roll of credits at the beginning of a motion picture or television program

Motion graphics—a relatively new field in which designers use visual effects, live action, and animation to create a two-dimensional product that moves—as a discipline began with

titles sequences for Hollywood movies

The art of composing printed material from letterforms is called

typography

Many contemporary type designers are redesigning and updating old fonts, with concern for readability. Donald Meeker, for example, was instrumental in updating the font of _________ to a more legible (and quickly readable) type.

white-on-green Interstate freeway signs

_______ used photographs of national parks to increase public awareness of the beauty of nature.

Ansel Adams

_______ was an early advocate of photography as an artform and opened a gallery in New York City in 1905.

Alfred Stieglitz

This early filmmaker pioneered many special effects, such as dissolves between scenes and time-lapse photography, as seen in his Voyage to the Moon.

George Méliès

This photographer of Louisville Flood Victims introduced the concept of the photographic essay to tell a story using many photographs.

Margaret Bourke-White

This artist is best known for expanding the traditional limitations of artistic media by incorporating video and electronic media into his or her artwork, as can be seen in Video Flag Z.

Nam June Paik

A 2009 building in Japan broke new ground by building interactive design into its surface. The _______ on its façade provides access to information about the building and its business.

Quick Response (QR) code

Michael Bierut designed a renovated logo for ________________. His design was intended to be recognizable but new, traditional yet cutting-edge. The new logo was meant to attract younger shoppes while keeping the (aging) old ones.

Saks Fifth Avenue

An Andalusian Dog was created by Surrealists Luis Bunuel and

Salvador Dalí