Assessment of immune function

A client with an autoimmune disorder asks, "Why is autoimmune disease more prevalent in the women in my family?" Which response will the nurse make to this client? "women have more stress than men and it weakens immunity" "It's believed to be caused by the differences in sex hormones" "there is not enough evidence to prove this" "it's because you take better care of your family than yourself"

"It's believed to be caused by the differences in sex hormones"

which of the following cell types are involved in humoral immunity? Helper T lymphocyte Memory T lymphocyte Suppressor T lymphocyte B lymphocytes

B lymphocytes

An older client doesn't understand why advancing age increases susceptibility to illness. What will be included in the nurse's explanation? Select all that apply. The amount of antibody produced in response to most foreign antigens decreases with age. The body's number of T-cell lymphocytes decreases with age. The body's number of B-cell lymphocytes decreases with age. The body's lymphoid tissue decreases with age.

The body's number of T-cell lymphocytes decreases with age. The amount of antibody produced in response to most foreign antigens decreases with age.

A nurse is caring for a client with multiple sclerosis. Client education about the disease process includes which explanation about the cause of the disorder? Regulatory mechanisms fail to halt the immune response. The immune system recognizes one's own tissues as "foreign." Excess cytokines cause tissue damage. The immune system recognizes one's own tissues as "self."

The immune system recognizes one's own tissues as "foreign."

The nurse is caring for a client with renal failure. Which factor indicates a compromised immune system? a deficiency in circulating lymphocytes an excess of circulating hemoglobin a deficiency of circulating antibodies an excess of circulating lymphocytes

a deficiency in circulating lymphocytes

A client is given a dose of ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for complaints of abdominal pain. Ten minutes after receiving the medication, the client's eyes, lips, and face begin to swell, and the nurse hears stridor. What priority measure should the nurse prepare to do? administer epinephrine assess the client's vital signs perform ECG intubate client

administer epinephrine

a client will be receiving HBV vaccination series prior to employment in a dialysis center. What type of immunity will this provide? artificially acquired active immunity forced immunity naturally acquired active immunity passive immunity

artificially acquired Immunity

which of the following is a medical condition that is an example of a humoral immune response? parasitic infection transplant rejection asthma fungal infection

asthma

which immunity type becomes active as a result of infection by a specific microorganism? artificially acquired active immunity artificially acquire passive immunity naturally acquired active immunity naturally acquired passive immunity

naturally acquired active immunity

which condition is associated with impaired immunity relating to the aging client? incidence of autoimmune disease decreases antibody production increases skin becomes thicker renal function decreases

renal function decreases

A client is informed of having a low white blood cell count and that the client is at risk for the development of infections. The client asks, "Where do I make new white blood cells?" What is the best response by the nurse? "White blood cells are produced in the bone marrow." "White blood cells are produced in the plasma." "White blood cells are produced in the lymphatic tissue." "White blood cells are produced in the thymus gland."

"White blood cells are produced in the bone marrow."

A nurse is caring for a client undergoing evaluation for possible immune system disorders. Which intervention will best help support the client throughout the diagnostic process? assist the client with scheduling procedures educate the client about the diagnostic procedures and answer their questions about possible diagnostics encourage the client to ask the physician for information ab treatment for possible diagnostic accompany the client to the diagnostic test

educate the client about the diagnostic procedures and answer their questions about possible diagnostics

a nurse is taking health history from a new client, which includes asking about a history of blood transfusions. this is important for which reason? exposure to foreign antigens may cause altered immune function blood products cause high risk for HBV blood products cause a higher risk for exposure to HIV blood products cause lower antibody titers

exposure to foreign antigens may cause altered immune function

Decades ago, before the role of the tonsils and adenoids was better understood, it was typical after repeated bouts with tonsillitis to have tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Today it is understood that the tonsils and adenoids are lymph node tissues that: filter bacteria from tissue fluid increase the efficacy of antibiotics eliminate cancer cells program T lymphocytes

filter bacteria from tissue fluid

A client with chronic renal failure has begun treatment with a colony-stimulating factor. What medication does the nurse anticipate administering to the client that will promote the production of blood cells? infliximab (remicade) epoetin alfa (epogen) etanercept (enbrel) adalimumab (humira)

epoetin alfa (epogen)

A client has had a splenectomy after sustaining serious internal injuries in a motorcycle accident, including a ruptured spleen. Following removal of the spleen, the client will be susceptible to: bleeding bc the spleen synthesizes vitamin K infections bc the spleen removes bacteria from the blood anemia bc the spleen produces RBC acidosis bc the spleen maintain acid-base balance

infections bc the spleen removes bacteria from the blood

Lymphoid tissues, which perform a function within the immune response, are found throughout the body. While the thymus gland, tonsils and adenoids, spleen, and lymph nodes are lymphoid tissues, where else in the body can lymphoid tissues be found? Select all that apply. intestines kidneys stomach brain lungs

intestines lungs

A patient has enlarged lymph nodes in his neck and a sore throat. This inflammatory response is an example of a cellular immune response whereby: lymphocytes migrate to areas of the lymph node antibodies are released into the blood stream antibodies reside in the plasma b-lymphocytes respond to specific antigen

lymphocytes migrate to areas of the lymph node

A nursing instructor is giving a lecture on the immune system. The instructor's discussion on phagocytosis will include: regulator T cells and helper T cells plasma cells and memory cells lymphokines and suppressor T cells neutrophils and monocytes

neutrophils and monocytes

a client is admitted with cellulitis and experiences a consequent increase in WBC count. During what process will pathogens be engulfed by WBC that ingest foreign particles? phagocytosis cellular immune response apoptosis antibody response

phagocytosis

what is the function of the thymus gland? programs B lymphocytes to become regulator or effector B cells programs T lymphocytes to become regular effector T cells develops the lymphatic system produce stem cell

programs T lymphocytes to become regular effector T cells

The nurse is caring for a client recovering from a major burn. Burns affect the immune system by causing a loss of large amounts of which of the following? serum, which depletes the body's store of immunoglobulins plasma, which depletes the body's store of calcitonin plasma, which depletes the body's store of catecholamines serum, which depletes the body's store of glucagon

serum, which depletes the body's store of immunoglobulins

a nurse is beginning the physical examination of a client with fatigue. What documentation will the nurse provide to describe this general appraisal of the client's health? the client has a BP of 120/72 mmHg the client has palpable peripheral pulses in the upper extremities the client is alert and oriented to all spheres the client appears mildly ill, listless, and disheveled

the client appears mildly ill, listless, and disheveled

A client is treated in the clinic for a sexually transmitted infection, and the nurse suspects that the client is at risk for HIV. The physician determines that the client should be tested for the virus. What responsibility does the nurse have? the nurse ensures a written consent is obtained prior to testing the nurse will call the client with the result of the test the nurse will inform the client that the results will have to be reported to the CDC the nurse should send the client to have the blood drawn w/o informing him about the specific screening test

the nurse ensures a written consent is obtained prior to testing

An older adult client, who leads a sedentary lifestyle, and a younger client, who has a very stressful and active lifestyle, require a vaccine against a particular viral disorder. The nurse knows that in one of these clients, the vaccine will be less effective. In which client is the vaccine more likely to be less effective and why? the older client bc of age the older client bc of lifestyle the younger client bc of age the younger client bc of lifestyle

the older client bc of age

which statement accurately reflects current stem cell research? the stem cell is known as a precursor cell that continually replenishes the body's entire supply of RBC/WBC stem cell transplantation has been preformed in the lab only stem cell transplantation cannot restore immune system functioning clinical trials are underway only in clients with acquired immune deficiencies

the stem cell is known as a precursor cell that continually replenishes the body's entire supply of RBC/WBC

a client had been diagnosed with AIDS and TB. A nursing student asks the nurse why the client's skin test for TB is negative if the client's physician has diagnosed TB. The nurse's correct reply is which of the following? the solution for the skin test was probably outdated the client's immune system cannot mount a response to the skin test the skin test was improperly performed the client only has mild TB, which is not enough to cause a reaction

the client's immune system cannot mount a response to the skin test