ASTR1303 TEST FINAL

In 1944, the physicist Erwin Shrodinger defined living matter as that which "avoids the decay into equilibrium." This definition refers to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which says that entropy always _____________.

Increases Correct! Note read carefully

The final outcome of a stars struggle between gravity and pressure depends almost entirely on the original ________________ of a star.

Mass

Stars are born in cold, relatively dense

Molecular clouds Correct

High-mass stars live much _____________ lives than low-mass stars

Shorter

The Milky Way Galaxy consists of a thin disk with a central bulge and the halo that surrounds the entire disk.

True

The Milky Way Galaxy is a spiral galaxy

True

The elements hydrogen, oxygen, and _____________ account for over 95% of the atoms in the human body and in all known life.

Carbon Correct! Read words carefully

The largest asteroid by far is __________. It is 933 km in diameter and contains about 25% of the mass of all the asteroids combined.

Ceres Correct!

SETI stands for the Search for ______________________

Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence Correct!

The Sun is located in the center of the Milky Way Galaxy.

False

The halo of the Milky Way galaxy contains only very young stars.

False

When far from the Sun, a comet's nucleus is very cold and its material is frozen. As the comet approaches the Sun, it is getting frozen even more

False Correct!

Asteroids never cross the orbit of Earth. True False

False Correct! because Apollo Asteroids have orbits that occasionally cross Earth's orbit.

C-type asteroids make less than 25% of known asteroids.

False if 25% Correct! (Note: True if 75%)

There are a few asteroids in the main asteroid belt that are more massive than the Earth

False if more massive than Earth

Where does most star formation occur in the Milky Way Galaxy today?

In the spiral arms Correct

Most asteroids orbit the Sun in an asteroid belt located between the orbits of

Mars and Jupiter Correct!

Comets populate two regions of the Solar System: the Kuiper belt and the

Oort cloud Correct!

The comet that broke into pieces and then collided with Jupiter in 1994 was Zinner comet Halleys comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 none of the above

Shoemaker-Levy 9 Correct!

_________________________ is developed to estimate how many intelligent, communicating civilizations there are within our galaxy

The Drake Equation Correct!

Comets are dirty ice balls that form in the outer Solar System. Their surface is embedded with dust, grit and particles from space.

True

High mass stars die in supernovae explosion

True

Orbits of halo stars in the Milky Way Galaxy are randomly inclined to the disk of the galaxy.

True

Scientists suggest that 90% of the mass of the Milky Way Galaxy is in the form of dark matter.

True

Stars in the disk of the Galaxy orbit the galactic center in about the same plane and in the same direction.

True

The Sun is located in the disk of the Milky Way Galaxy about 28,000 light-years from the galactic center.

True

The mass of the Galaxy can be approximately calculated using information about the stellar orbits.

True

Thermal gas pressure opposes gravity during most of stars life.

True

Comets have three distinct parts: a nucleus, a coma, and a tail.

True Correct!

It is well established and becoming more and more clear that the basic organic molecules which seem to have led to the origin of life on Earth do seem to be widely distributed in the milky way galaxy.

True Correct!

The area in the planetary system where conditions might potentially support life is called The Habitable Zone.

True Correct!

There are some moons of planets that are probably better thought of as captured asteroids.

True Correct!

Living organisms on the Earth resist entropy by taking in nutrients. This biochemical process of taking in energy for activities and expelling waste byproducts is known as a "metabolism."

True Correct! (Please rate set thank you)

There have been many definitions of life created over the years, but there has yet to be a single definition accepted by all.

True Correct! (Please rate set, thanks)

There have been many definitions of life created over the years, but there has yet to be a single definition accepted by all.

True Correct! (please rate thanks)

Martian soil has a unique soil chemistry that could produce a metabolic-like reaction.

True Correct! Read carefully

Most asteroids orbit the Sun in an asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. True False

True Correct! if Mars and Jupiter

The total mass of all the asteroids is less than that of the Moon

True if less than that of the Moon

SETI is an effort to locate evidence of past or present communicative civilizations in the universe, particularly within our own galaxy.

True if within our galaxy! Note: (False if outside our galaxy)

The Drake Equation is developed to estimate how many intelligent, communicating civilizations there are within our galaxy.

True if within our galaxy! Note: (False if outside our galaxy)

A main difference between asteroids and comets is that asteroids are mostly made of rock and comets are mostly made of

ice Correct!

Asteroids are sometimes called _________________ planets. major minor

minor Correct!

Which part of a comet has the highest density. nucleus the dust tail the ion tail

nucleus Correct!