Astro chapters 5-8 study set
What molecules dominated the Earth's primordial atmosphere?
carbon dioxide and water vapor
The best time to observe the moon to see its crater is during a ....
crescent moon
What factor most helps the Earth maintain a relatively constant temperature?
greenhouse gases
As you move farther away from a light source, its brightness will decrease at a rate ...
proportional to the distance squared
An an object gets hotter, it will ....
quickly get brighter
What two colors of light would you combine to make the color yellow?
red and green
What are the primary colors of light?
red, blue, green
The surface of the moon is covered with a fine powder of pulverized rock called...
regolith
According to the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, a larger star will appear _________ than a smaller star of the same temperature.
brighter
On Mercury and the Moon, we notice that larger craters __________ smaller craters.
came before
A digital camera is composed of _________ tiny pixels.
millions of
Star A is 4 times brighter than Star B. How many times hotter is Star A than Star B?
1.41
Star A is 10,000 times brighter than Star B. How many times hotter is Star A than Star B?
10
If the peak wavelength of a star at rest is 1375 nm, then what peak wavelength is observed when the star is traveling 975,000 m/s away from the Earth.
1379.46875
The gas in the solar nebula began at a temperature of about ....
2000 K
The freezing point of water corresponds to ...
273 K
What is the peak wavelength of light coming from a star with a temperature of 10,250 K?(Submit your answer in nanometers. Remember 1nm = 10-9 m)
283
How many asteroids (that we know of) are on a potential collision course with Earth?
300 - 500
What is the peak wavelength of light coming from a star with a temperature of 7,750 K?(Submit your answer in nanometers. Remember 1nm = 10-9 m)
374
If the Sun were suddenly moved 2 times further away, how many times fainter would it be?
4
What is the temperature of a star (in Kelvin) if its peak wavelength is 550 nm (that is, 550 x 10^-9 m)?
5272.73
Star A is 5 times hotter than Star B. How many times brighter is Star A than Star B?
625
Two stars in the sky give off the same amount of total energy, but Star A appears 64 times fainter in our night sky than Star B. How many times farther away is Star A than Star B?
8
Regular jpeg images have only 256 "levels" available in each pixel, so they are considered ...
8-bit images
The _________ for discovering exoplanets looks for tiny dips in light as a planet passes in front of its star.
Transit Method
Jupiter weighs roughly ....
twice as much as all the other planets combined
Which of the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
ultraviolet
The surface of the moon contains geologic evidence for ___________ on the moon in the past.
volcanoes
The largest mountain in the solar system is ...
Olympus Mons
Where did the oxygen in our atmosphere come from?
photosynthesis of living organisms
Which of the following technologies use radio waves? (Select all that apply)
A. GPS B. cell phones C. televisions
Light pollution has been linked to which of the following? (Select all that apply)
A. Survival of specific bat species B. Breast cancer rates in women C. Negative changes to bird migration D. Sea turtle hatchling survival rates
A blackbody is a hypothetical object that.... (select all that apply)
A. absorbs all light that hits it B. glows at a wavelength specified by its temperature C. does not reflect any light
The appearance of Earth's moon is nearly identical to ...
Mercury
Which of the following factors are used to determine an ideal observatory location? (Select all that apply.)
elevation seeing weather light pollution
An explosion the size of the Tunguska Event is likely to happen every ....
few centuries
Almost the entirety of Jupiter's size is made up of ...
gas
A planet will keep a large atmosphere if it _________ or __________.
is cold .... has a ton of gravity
Mercury gets incredibly hot and incredibly cold because ...
it does not have an atmosphere.
As the solar nebula cooled, which compounds were the first to condense from a gas to a solid?
metals
Mercury has a network of strange wrinkles across its surface called ...
scarps
Each pixel acts kind of like a ...
solar panel
The planets closest to the Sun are known as the ...
terrestrial planets
Why doesn't Mars have active volcanoes today?
the planet lost its internal heat to cold space
