Astronomy in the revolution key
What astronomical observations did he make?
Hewas able to observe the phases of Venus, spots on the sun, mountains and craters on the moon, and the four largest moons of Jupiter.
What was three innovations is Newton known for?
His three laws of motion, universal gravitation and development of calculus.
Isaac Newton
Who was one of the most influential scientist in history, the crowning axcievment of the revolution? 1643-1727
Johann Kepler
A German scientist and mathematician who lived from 1571-1630
Nicholas Copernicus
A polish scientist working early in the scientific revolution, from 1473-1543
What was Copernicus book?
"On the Revolutions of Celestial Spheres" published after he died because he feared the reaction of the Catholic Church
What did Kepler believe held planets in their orbits?
He believed an invisible force held the planets in their orbits. The same fore held the moon to the earth.
What two important observations did Kepler make?
He observed that planetary orbits were elliptical, not circular. He noted that planetary speed varied, and was faster as planets neared the sun, and slower when farther away from the sun.
Why did Galileo come into conflict with the Catholic Church?
The Church held the geocentric theory, and Galileo held the heliocentric theory. Galileo was forced to recant and stay under house arrest for the rest of his life.
What was Copernicus's revolutionary theory?
The heliocentric theory. Suggested that the sun, not the earth was the center of the universe, and that the planets orbnited the sun in a circular fashion.
Galileo
The most important scientist of the revolution, living from 1564-1642. Einstein called hi! The father of modern science.
How did Galileo make his observations?
Through an improved telescope
Why might Newton be considered the crowning achievement of the scientific revolution?
Using calculus, Newton was able to provide mathematical proof of earlier scientists' theories. He su!s up all previous work.
