ATI Dermatological Practice Questions

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has burn wounds on her face and hands. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates that she has adapted to her changed body image? A.) May I go with my family to the visitor's lounge B.) I'll see my friends when I get home C.) My dad is coming to visit. can you fix my hair for me D.) I told my cousins i'm in protective isolation

A

A nurse is teaching a group of young adult clients about health promotion techniques to reduce the risk of skin cancer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A.) Apply a broad spectrum sunscreen 5 min before sun exposure B.) Wear a sun visor instead of a hat when outside in the sun C.) Avoid exposure to midday sun D.) Use a tanning booth instead of sunbathing outdoors

C avoid midday sun : 1000-1600

A nurse in the ED is caring for a client who has a snakebite on her arm. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement? A.) Immobilize the limb at the level of the heart B.) Apply a tourniquet to the affected limb C.) Use a sterile scapula to incise the wound D.) Apply ice to the skin over the snakebite wound

Immobilize the limb at the level of the heart -goal is to limit spread of venom. remove jewelry or constrictive clothing before swelling worsens

A nurse is caring for a client whose wounds are covered with a heterograft dressing. In response to the client's questions about the dressing, the nurse explains that it is obtained from which of the following sources? A.) Cadaver skin B.) Pig skin C.) Amniotic membranes D.) Beef collagen

Pig skin

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is wheelchair bound and his caregiver about ways to reduce the risk of pressure ulcer formation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A.) Move between the bed and the wheelchair once every 2 hours B.) Make sure that your caregiver massages your skin daily C.) Use a rubber ring when sitting at the bedside D.) Shift your weight in the wheelchair every 15 minutes

Shift your weight in the wheelchair every 15 minutes

A nurse is assessing a client who sustained superficial partial-thickness and deep partial-thickness burns 72 hrs ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A.) Edema in the burned extremities B.) Severe pain at the burn sites C.) Urine output of 30mL/hr D.) Temperature of 39.1 C (102.4 F)

Temp of 102.4 -indication of infection, sepsis is a critical finding following a major burn injury. burn wounds are initially pathogen free, on about the 3rd day following the injury, early colonization by gram-negative organisms changes to predominately gram-positive opportunistic organisms

A nurse is assessing a client who is bedridden and was admitted from home. The nurse notes a shallow crater in the epidermis of the client's sacral area. The nurse should document that the client has a pressure ulcer at which of the following stages? A.) IV B.) I C.) III D.) II

II -Stage II pressure ulcer: partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis and dermis. Ulcer is visible and superficial and can appear as an abrasion, blister, or shallow crater. Edema persists and the ulcer might become infected. Client might report pain, small amount of drainage.

A nurse is assessing the skin of a client who has frostbite. The client has small blisters that contain blood and the skin of the affected area does not blanch. The nurse should classify this injury as which of the following? A.) First-degree frostbite B.) Second-degree frostbite C.) Third -degree frostbite D.) Fourth-degree frostbite

Third-degree frostbite -blood filled blisters, skin does not blanch

A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of herpes zoster. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications? A.) Zoster vaccine B.) Acyclovir C.) Amoxicillin D.) Infliximab

Acyclovir -anti-viral to inhibit replication of the virus that causes herpes zoster

A nurse is caring for a client who has a lesion on the back of his right hand. The client asks the nurse which type of skin cancer is the most serious. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate? A.) Basal cell carcinomas B.) Melanomas C.) Actinic keratoses D.) Squamous cell carcinomas

B Melanomas are malignant neoplasms which atypical melanocytes in both the epidermis, the dermis, and sometimes the subcutaneous cells. It is the most lethal type of skin cancer, often causing metastases in the bone, liver, lungs, spleen, CNS, and lymph nodes.

A nurse is caring for a client who has burn injuries to his trunk. The nurse is explaining what to expect from the prescribed hydrotherapy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A.) I will be on a special shower table B.) The water temperature will be very cool to ease my pain C.) The nurse will use a firm bristled brush to remove loose skin D.) The nurse will use scissors to open small blisters

I will be on a special shower table

A nurse is assessing a client who has a lesion on his skin. Which of the following findings is a clinical manifestation of a malignant melanoma? A.) Rough, dry, scaly lesion B.) Firm nodule with crust C.) Pearly papule with ulcerated center D.) Irregularly shaped lesion with blue tones

Irregularly shaped lesion with blue tones -blue, red, white tones, often occur in upper back or lower legs

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for silver sulfadiazine cream to be applied to her burn wounds. The nurse should evaluate the client for which of the following laboratory findings? A.) Hyponatremia B.) Leukopenia C.) Hyperchloremia D.) Elevated BUN

Leukopenia

A community health nurse is providing teaching about malignant melanoma to a group of clients. The nurse should inform the group that which of the following traits places a client at risk for developing malignant melanoma? A.) Brown eyes B.) Light skin C.) Black hair D.) Dark skin

Light skin

A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client's skin lesions. The nurse notes that the lesions are 0.5 cm (0.20 in.) in size, elevated, and solid with very distinct borders. The nurse should document the finding as which of the following skin lesions? A.) Papules B.) Macules C.) Wheals D.) Vesicles

Papules -small, solid, elevated lesion with distinct borders. usually smaller than 10mm in diameter. papules are common lesions of warts and elevated moles.

A nurse is evaluating the laboratory findings of a client who is in the resuscitation phase following a major burn. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect? A.) Hemoglobin 10 g/dL B.) Sodium 132 mEq/L C.) Albumin 3.6 g/dL D.) Potassium 4.0 mEq/dL

Sodium 132 mEq/L -sodium will be low because it is trapped in interstitial space

A nurse is planning care for a client who has been admitted for treatment of a malignant melanoma of the upper leg without metastasis. The nurse should plan to prepare the client for which of the following procedures? A.) Curettage B.) External radiation therapy C.) Regional chemotherapy D.) Surgical excision

Surgical excision -treatment of choice for small, superficial lesions. deeper lesions require wide local excision, followed by skin grafting

A nurse on a surgical unit is caring for four clients who have healing wounds. Which of the following wounds should the nurse expect to heal by primary intention? A.) Partial thickness burn B.) Stage III pressure ulcer C.) Surgical incision D.) Dehisced sternal wound

Surgical incision -well approximated edges and minimal scarring

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who is postoperative following a surgical excision of a basal cell carcinoma. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as an indication of a potential malignancy of a mole? A.) Ulceration B.) Blanching of surrounding skin C.) Dimpling D.) Fading of color

Ulceration -ulceration, bleeding, or exudation are indications of a mole's potential malignancy. Increasing size is a warning sign too. Teach importance of follow up appts. and self skin exams every month

A nurse is caring for a client who has a large wound healing by secondary intention. The nurse should inform the client that, in addition to protein, which of the following nutrients promotes wound healing? A.) Vit B1 B.) Calcium C.) Vit C D.) Potassium

Vitamin C -protein + vitamin c = wound healing