ATP and ADP

what are the 3 parts of ATP?

adenine, ribose (make up the adenosine), three phosphate groups (triphosphate)

what is ATP?

adenosine triphosphate; energy currency in cells

where is the energy stored in these molecules?

between the bonds of the phosphate groups; most between the second and third phosphate group

what is ATP needed for?

bulk transport, active transport, muscle movement

what types of carbon-based molecules (organic compounds) are the source for most of the energy in the foods you eat?

carbohydrates and lipids

what type of organic compounds store the least energy?

carbs and proteins (4 calories/gram)

when a bond between two phosphates is broken, what happens?

energy is released

the reaction changing ADP to ATP (and vice versa) is controlled by what?

enzymes

what type of organic compounds store the most energy?

lipids (9 calories/gram)

where is ATP produced?

produced in the mitochondrion

what happens to the ATP molecule when a phosphate group is removed?

the ATP becomes ADP, energy is released

adenine is...

the nitrogen base of ATP

how do plants produce ATP?

through photosynthesis

what is ATP used for in cells?

to create or provide energy within the cell

how is energy stored in the ATP molecule?

within the bonds (mostly between second and third) of the phosphate groups

ADP+P

ADP (dehydration synthesis)

ATP

ADP+P (hydrolysis)