Auto Maintenance Semester Final Exam Review

Tire Grading

all passenger (P) tires have UTQG (uniform tire quality grading) ratings.

Abnormal Tire wear

effected by tire inflation, wheel balance, and wheel alignment.

Tread Design

most tires are classified as all-season. Some tires are designated snow tires.

Wheel Alignment

proper wheel alignment maximizes fuel economy and minimizes tire wear.

Tire Plies

steel belted all-season radial tires are the most common.

Feathered tire wear on a tire usually means

toe incorrect

What is the difference between the two common types of antifreeze?

1/2 water and 1/2 antifreeze and concentrated antifreeze. 1/2 water and 1/2 antifreeze is an antifreeze that is already mixed while concentrated antifreeze is 100% antifreeze therefore you need to add distilled water to the antifreeze.

What are ratchet sizes?

1/4, 3/8 (most common), and 1/2 inch.

What type of battery do most automobiles have?

12-Volt Systems/ 12-Volt DC

What is the difference between a spark plug socket and a regular socket?

A spark plug socket is 6-point/sided socket and has a rubber boot insert to hold the spark plug while regular sockets don't have a rubber boot. Spark plug sockets are not a deep plug socket.

Torque wrench

A tool for setting and adjusting the tightness of nuts and bolts to a desired value.

Battery Electrolyte

Add only distilled water Wear safety goggles and gloves

Buying tires tip

Always replace tires in pairs or complete sets When pricing tires, include mounting, balancing, disposal, and road hazard insurance (if desired, to cover complete replacement) It is recommended that new valve stems are installed This little component also wears from the weather Make sure tires are registered so you will be notified of a safety recall

Manufactuer

An automotive ______________ is a company that produces vehicles. ex- Nissan, Ford, GM, Chrysler, Toyota, Volkswagen

When should I check my engine oil?

At least once a month

Transmission Fluid

Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) is pink-ish red Always use the ATF that is recommended by the manufacturer

Type

Automotive manufacturers design many different ________ of vehicles to meet consumer demands. ex- Edge, Flex, E-Series, Caravan, Odessey, Focus...

Make

Automotive manufacturers identify the various vehicles they produce by their "make" ex- Buick, Cadillac, Ford, Mazda, Jaguar, Nissan

What is the color of dirty engine oil

Black

Color of Windshield Fluid

Blue

One Edge Wear on a tire usually means

Camber inncorrect

When should you get an oil change?

Change your car's ___________ ____ every three months, or 3,000 miles

What should you do when you are checking your coolant?

Check the level at the coolant recovery tank first Let engine cool Never open a hot radiator cap

What should you do when you are reading of the engine oil?

Check when the engine is cold Check oil cap and owner's manual for engine oil information

What type of fluid are used on manual transmissions only?

Clutch Fluid

Engine Oil

Common multigrades are 0W-20, 5W-20, 5W-30, and 10W-30 Synthetic and semi-synthetic blends are also available

Clutch Fluid

Commonly DOT 3 brake fluid, but always check the owner's manual

Manual Transmissions

Commonly take ATF, heavyweight/high-viscosity gear oil, synchromesh, or motor oil.

Low Rolling Resistance Tires

Could save you 1.5% to 4.5% in fuel costs.

What are the most common Brake Fluids?

DOT 3 (but DOT 4, DOT 5, and DOT 5.1 are available) Check cap or owner's manual for the correct type.

What fluid check is on RWD (rear wheel drive) and 4WD (4-wheel drive) vehicles?

Differential Fluid

What type of steering systems do not have power steering fluid?

Electric Power Steering systems

When should I check my transmission fluid?

Every three years

What functions do various fluids provide to vehicle components?

Fluids provide cooling (antifreeze), cleaning (windshield washer), lubricating (oil), and sealing to vehicle components.

What should you do when you are reading the transmission fluid?

Follow checking procedure in owner's manual Some transmissions don't have dipsticks

How many quarts does an average engine hold?

Four to five quarts is the capacity

Spare Tire

Full size spare with matching wheel. Full size spare with non-matching wheel. Compact temporary spare.

What is the color of clean oil?

Gold

Why/How is it important to torque lug nuts?

It is important to torque the lug nus in a star pattern. Torque refers to getting all the lugs nuts to the same tightness.

Continuously Variable Transmissions (CVTs)

May have a dipstick or check plugs

What are coolants mixed with percentage wise?

Mix 50% water/ 50% antifreeze. Use distilled water

When should I change my transmission fluid?

Most manufacturers recommend that manual ________________ ______ be changed every 30,000 to 60,000 miles.

When do you check/change your antifreeze?

Most of the time it is 30,000 miles but check the owner's manual because it is different in different cars.

When refilling the liquids in your car ALWAYS remember to:

Not run fluids low, but also don't overfill Always refer to the owner's manual for fluid specifications Dispose of fluids properly

What is the repairable area on a tire?

Only small punctures in the tire tread can be repaired safely.

Bald Spots Wear on a tire usually means

Out of balance

Center Wear on a tire usually means

Overinflation

Tire Sidewall

Provides the size, ratings, and other vital information. Most cars will have passenger tires. Light trucks can come with either passenger or light truck type tires.

Run Flat Tires

Self-sealing. Self-supporting. Tire/wheel combination systems.

Tire Wear Indicator Bars

Set at 2/32nds of an inch (1.6 mm)

No Spare Tire

Some vehicles don't come with a spare to save weight, manufacturer cost, and cargo space. Some come with an inflator kit and mini air compressor.

Use of Windshield Fluid

Specially formulated to clean road grime from the windshield

What are the two main types of coolant?

Standard (green) and Extended life (various colors)

Vehicle Battery

Stores chemical energy, supplies electrical energy to the starter when the engine is cranking, and supplements the alternator in running accessories (eg., lights and radio).

Model

The ________ of a vehicle refers to the specific name of each vehicle within a make. ex- Make: Chervrolet, Model: Camaro, Colorado, Corvette, Equinox...

What determines the size of a ratchet?

The drive/square part of the ratchet determines the size.

Where will 4WD trucks have their differential check plugs?

The front and the rear of the truck

What is NOT the repairable area on a tire?

The tire sidewall experiences too much stress from expansion and contraction as the tire rotates down the highway and therefore should not be repaired. Get a new tire if this happens.

Proper Level of Windshield Fluid

To add _______________ ________________, locate the cap and fill almost to the top

What are the three UTQG ratings?

Treadwear, traction, and temperature

Edge Wear on a tire usually means

Underinflation

What can cause abnormal tire wear?

Underinflation, overinflation, worn steering components, worn suspension components, tires out of balance, and tire misalignment.

What do the letters UTQG represent?

Uniform tire quality grading

What are some safety precautions when handling brake fluid?

Use extreme caution when handling because brake fluid is harmful to your eyes and if spilled on a vehicle's finish, it will strip paint. Always use the correct type of brake fluid because it can cause damage to the car.

Power Steering Fluid

Use the type that is recommended in your owner's manual. the hydraulic fluid that transmits the power in power steering.

Tire Sizes

Variety of sizes - always replace tires with the size recommended by the manufacturer. Having tires too big or too small will influence how a vehicle handles and may cause the speedometer to be inaccurate.

VIN

Vehicle Identification Number 17- character on the left side of the dash from the outside of the vehicle through the windshield Identify engine type, body type, model year (MY), assembly plant, production sequence number, and other information specific to that vehicle.

Cupped Wear on a tire usually means

Worn Parts