Ay Chapter 9

Which is a benefit of telecommuting?

-Firms may choose less expensive locations -Less dependence on locating near sources of labor -Employees are in touch with company and customers right from home

A firm wishing to go global should consider passing ISO .....standards in order to demonstrate a commitment to best practices in terms of impacting the environment to international businesses.

14001

Materials Requirement Planning (MRP)

A computer-based operations management system that uses sales forecasts to make sure that needed parts and materials are available at the right time and place.

Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)

A method for analyzing the tasks involved in completing a given project, estimating the time needed to complete each task, and identifying the minimum time needed to complete the total project.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

A newer version of Materials Requirement Planning (MRP), that combines the computerized functions of all the divisions and subsidiaries of the firm--such as finance, human resources, and order fulfillment--into a single integrated software program that uses a single database.

just-in-time (JIT) inventory control

A production process in which a minimum of inventory is kept on the premises and parts, supplies, and other needs are delivered just in time to go on the assembly line.

A PERT network consists of activities linked by arrows. Suppose two the activities on the network are labeled "A" and "B". An arrow from "A" to "B" indicates that

"A" must be completed before "B" can begin.

The acronym for using computers to design products is referred to as

CAD

A newer software system that combines the computerized functions of all divisions of the firm such as finance, human resources, and order fulfillment into a single integrated software program using a single database is...

Enterprise resources planning

A comprehensive set of environmental standard that encourages companies to conducts business in a cleaner, safer ,and less wasteful way is known as...

ISO14000 are the international standard for the environment and ISO9000 assures quality

The ....National Quality Award is given to firms that achieve an outstanding level of overall quality based on performance in seven key areas.

Malcolm Baldrige

.....is a technique to analyze and sequence tasks involved in completing a project, to estimate the time needed to complete each task, and to determine the minimum amount of time needed to complete each project.

PERT

.....refers to consistently producing what the customer wants while reducing errors before and after delivery to the customer

Quality

.......quality detects potential problems to prevent their occurrence in order to control quality through the use of benchmarking standards

Six Sigma

Statistical Process Control (SPC)

The process of testing statistical samples of product components at each stage of the production process and plotting those results on a graph. Any variances from quality standards are recognized and can be corrected if beyond the set standards.

computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)

The uniting of computer-aided design with computer-aided manufacturing.

What does the production process add to materials?

Value Form utility

ISO 14001

a collection of the best practices for managing an organization's impact on the environment

The main idea in the Making Ethical Decisions box "Do We Stay or Do We Go?" indicates

a need for firms to consider the economic impact of their existence and/or departure from a particular location

continuous process

a production process in which long production runs turn out finished goods over time

intermittent process

a production process in which the production run is short and the machines are changed frequently to make different products

Six Sigma Quality

a quality measure that allows only 3.4 defects per million opportunities

When workers do only a few tasks at a time while producing just a few types of products, the .....layout has typically been used in firms

assembly line

In manufacturing , a (n) ....is used to produce large qantities of a few types of products.

assembly-line layout

Gantt Chart

bar graph showing production managers what projects are being worked on and what stage they are in at any given time

The facility layout that uses teams of workers to complete more units of the final product is known ....layout

cellular

quality

consistently producing what the customer wants while reducing errors before and after delivery to the customer

In a just-in-time inventory system, suppliers

deliver materials and parts in large quantities only a few times a year.

What is the focus of operations management?

designing ,supervising ,and improving the transformation process while keeping costs down

The benefits of ....are department can see the status of any time,shorter time lags between orders and payment, and less staff required to process orders.

enterprise resource planning

The physical arrangement of resources in the production process refers to:

facility layout

Which of the following is an advantage related to conducting quality throughout production instead of at the end of the production line?

finding defects prior to completion savers expensive resources.

Developing countries are providing new markets for companies that can provide them with needed:

goods technology services

The purpose of determining the critical path on a PERT network is to

identify the sequence of tasks that takes the longest to complete

critical path

in a PERT network, the sequence of tasks that takes the longest time to complete

The ....inventory method is designed to keep a minimum pf parts, supplies, and other materials on hand just in time to go on the assembly line.

just-in-time

Lean manufacturing uses:

less resources less time

Spokes Bikes has 18 different bicycle models that can be created in over 2 million combinations. Each combination is designed to fit the needs of a specific customer. Therefore , the customer chooses the model, size, color, and design they want. An analysis of this company's operation would indicate that is uses

mass customization

A computer-based operations management system that uses sales forecasts to make sure that needed parts and materials are available at the right time place is referred as...requirement planning.

materials

The operations planning practice of using sales forecasts created by a computer to accurately predict the amount and timing of materials needed to complete products and projects is

materials requirement planning

Time-to-market means:

moving products quickly to customers at the lowest cost

A (n) ....layout is used when similar equipment and functions are grouped together and the order in which the product visits a function depends on the design of the item.

process

.....is the operations management planning function that searches for quality material resources, finds the best suppliers.

purchasing

Finding the highest quality material resources, the best suppliers, and then negotiating the best prices are all responsibility of someone in a ...role

purchasing

Improving...means reducing defects before of the product to the customer.

quality

Maintaining ....involves producing what the customer wants while reducing errors before and after delivery to the customer

quality

Climate, schools ,and crime are all ....of...issues to be considered when locating a business

quality of life

MRP is a computer based operations management system that uses....to make sure that needed parts and materials are available at the right time and place.

sales forecast

ISO is a worldwide nongovernmental federation of national ....bodies.

standards

Testing samples of the product at all phases of the production to ensure that quality in from the beginning is called .....

statistical quality control

mass customization

tailoring products to meet the needs of individual customers

A modular layout is used in production when:

teams of workers produce complex units of a product

Working from home via computer and communications technology is called

telecommuting

process manufacturing

that part of the production process that physically or chemically changes materials

assembly process

that part of the production process that puts together components

purchasing

the function in a firm that searches for high-quality material resources, finds the best suppliers, and negotiates the best price for goods and services

facility layout

the physical arrangement of resources (including people) in the production process

facility location

the process of selecting a geographic location for a company's operations

Statistical Quality Control (SQC)

the process some managers use to continually monitor all phases of the production process to assure that quality is being built into the product from the beginning

lean manufacturing

the production of goods using less of everything compared to mass production

production management

the term used to describe all the activities managers do to help their firms create goods

computer-aided design (CAD)

the use of computers in the design of products

computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)

the use of computers in the manufacturing of products

Form Utility

the value producers add to materials in the creation of finished goods and services

The production process is part of the

transformation process

Telecommuting

working from home via computer and modem

The number .....is placed after the word ISO , Greek word for "oneness", to represent the international standard for quality management and assurance.

9001

Operations Management

A specialized area in management that converts or transforms resources (including human resources) into goods and services.

Outdoor Adventure industries is a U.S.- based manufacturer of sporting goods. It has recently decided to make a major push to sell its products in the EU. In order to succeed in this new market Outdoor Adventure will need to

become certified in ISO 9001 standards

Manufacturing output in the US continues to increase. The high unemployment of skilled workers who previously worked in the manufacturing sector

can be reconciled by the fact that manufacturing is very efficient and requires fewer workers to produce the same amount , or even more output

flexible manufacturing

designing machines to do multiple tasks so that they can produce a variety of products

Traditional quality control was conducted at the ...of the production line

end

Integration of all function into one software program in order to manage operations and inventory in a firm is known as....

enterprise resource panning

ISO 14001 requires a firm to have a(n) ....policy, specific improvement targets, audits of environmental programs, and top management review of processes.

environmental

Arrangement of resources, including people, to most efficiently produce goods and services is referred to as

facility layout

A company becomes lean by...its capacity to produce high-quality goods ,while....its need for resources .

increasing ,decreasing

Because of....,more flexibility in choice of business location has increased while allowing firms to remain competitive

information technology

unlike an assembly line where workers perform only a few tasks, in a .....layout, teams of workers combine to perform a variety of tasks needed to produce more complex units of a final product.

modular

ISO 9001

the common name given to quality management and assurance standards

Production

the creation of finished goods and services using the factors of production: land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship, and knowledge

Moving products quickly and at the lowest possible cost to customers in order to remain competitive is known as ...

time-to-market