BA 310 Chapter 4

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Social media

What is an example of technologies that create new ethical dilemmas requiring new ethical guidelines?

Interview questions

What is the fifth step in the ethics screen process?

Ethics screen notice. Inform potential job applicants about the organization's ethics job screen

What is the first step in the ethics screen process?

Personality traits and related characteristics

What is the fourth step in the ethics screen process?

Integrity Tests

- Also referred to as honesty tests, typically gather information about the job candidate's behaviors and attitudes toward unethical workplace activities, such as theft - Can ask specific questions or opinions about honesty

Fair labor standards act

- Established 40 hour work week - Provided for overtime pay - Established a minimum wage - Established child labor laws

Wealth of Nations

- Formed today's understanding of capitalism - Is morally and ethically superior to other types of economic systems - "Invisible hand"

hiring ethical job applicants

What is the most important factor for developing and reinforcing a high-integrity work culture?

Plymouth settlement

- In 1620, the Pilgrims settled a trading colony in modern day Massachusetts - Pilgrims left England for religious and economic reasons - In exchange for trip to America, the Pilgrims had to export goods back to England

Theory of Moral Sentiments

- Individuals typically exercise free will within confines of morality - Difference between self interest and selfishness - A judicial system will step in when self regulating moral mechanisms fail

Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890

- Outlawed monopolies - Growth beyond a certain extent was illegal

Slavery

- The worst ethical violation and worst form of labor exploitation - Can be found in almost every ancient civilization

Code of Conduct

- extensively describes acceptable behaviors for specific situations that are likely to arise - It is often developed by an employee with legal expertise, provides substance to the Code of Ethics and is usually several pages long

Affirmative Action

- plans remedy past discriminatory behaviors by actively seeking, hiring, and promoting minority group members and women to equalize opportunities previously limited to Caucasian males - Race and gender can be a factor, but not the only factor - Quotas are illegal

Facilitating payments

expedite performance of "routine governmental action"

Vision

general purpose of company/organization. More inspiration

Mission

how the vision will be implemented.

strategic planning

integrates an organization's mission with its vision and provides clear direction on how the organization will progress from its current situation to a highly desired future situation

Business gratuity

is a present, gift, hospitality, or favor for which fair market value is not paid by the recipient

Social Dominance Orientation and Bullying

is the belief that an individual's particular group membership (defined in terms of race, gender, religion, or ethnicity) is superior to membership in other groups

bodily tendencies of lying

less eye contact, increased blinking, pupil dilation, fidgeting, shaking knee, tapping fingers

Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)

makes it illegal for U.S. businesses to directly pay bribes in other nations

Conscientiousness

measures responsibility, dependability, and work ethic. Is the best predictor of ethics and job performance.

Taft Hartley Act

passed to curb strikes and prohibited Communist Party members from holding office in unions

Boston Tea Party

protest of the Tea Act, which allowed the East India Company to sell tea to only a few colonial merchants.

Bribe

providing someone with a monetary incentive to do something contrary to his or her job description

- Conflicts of Interest - Corporate Opportunities - Confidentiality - Fair Dealing - Protection and Proper Use of - Assets - Compliance with Laws, Rules, and Regulations - Encouraging the Reporting of Any Illegal or Unethical Behavior

The New York Stock Exchange recommends what topics to be included in the Code of Conduct?

- Trains - Cars

What are examples of transportation?

- Connect the code to the organization's strategy - Mention the Code of Ethics in job announcements - Introduce the code during employee orientation - Annually distribute the Code of Ethics with a letter signed by a high-level executive emphasizing the importance of applying the code on a daily basis - Display the Code of Ethics in newsletters, highly traveled areas, and on stationary and websites - Discuss the code during ethics training workshops - Mention the Code of Ethics in correspondences with suppliers and customers - Evaluate employees on code adherence in performance appraisals - Link code adherence to promotions and merit raises Annually assess how well the organization embodies the code

What are some elements of an effective code communication strategy?

- Trustworthiness - Respect - Responsibility - Fairness - Caring - Citizenship

What are the 6 values that are continually expressed within a code of ethics?

- Employee loyalty increases - Questionable behavior decreases - Competitive position improves - Managers become more confidant - Employee relations improve - Customer relationships improve

What are the benefits of having codes?

- Resumes - Reference checks - Background checks - Integrity tests

What are the four recruiting tools that provide useful behavioral information about a job candidate's ethics?

- Demonstrate managerial concern for ethics - Convey a particular set of values and obligations - Meet legal requirements and trends - Positively impact employee behaviors

What are the main reasons for adopting codes?

- Slavery - Terrible working conditions - Wage inequality

What are the most significant ethical problems caused by capitalism?

- Step 1-Obtain approval - Step 2-Create a code-writing team - Step 3-Gather list of ethical issues from relevant stakeholders - Step 4-Define a "Code of Ethics" - Step 5-Gather a list of ethical behaviors from participants - Step 6-Determine common themes - Step 7-Draft a Code of Ethics - Step 8-Compare to other codes and modify - Step 9-Compare to other groups - Step 10-Code alignment - Step 11-Code review - Step 12-Code communication strategy - Step 13-Code revision

What are the steps to create a code of ethics?

#5 - Myanmar #4- Sudan #3- Afghanistan #2- North Korea #1- Somalia

What are the top 5 least ethical countries?

#5- Singapore #4- Sweden #3- Finland #2- Denmark #1- New Zealand

What are the top 5 most ethical countries?

- Spinning mule - Cotton gin - Sewing machines

What are the uses of machines instead of hands?

- Water - Steam - Coal

What are the uses of power?

Theory of Moral Sentiments and Wealth of Nations

What books did Adam Smith write?

- Freedom of speech - Freedom of the press - Freedom of religion - Freedom to petition the government - Freedom to keep and bear arms - Freedom from unreasonable search and seizure - No cruel or unusual punishment

What did the Bill of Rights include?

Respect stakeholders beyond shareholders Contribute to Economic, Social, and Environmental Development Respect the Letter and the Spirit of the Law Respect Rules and Conventions Support Responsible Globalization Respect the Environment Avoid Illicit Activities

What do the Caux Principles consist of?

People, Profit, Planet

What does Triple Bottom Line reporting consist of?

Organizational citizenship behavior

work-related helping behaviors that go beyond normal job requirements, such as aiding others with job-related problems

- Morgan - Rockefeller - Vanderbilt - Carnegie - Astor

Who are some wealthy families that created monopolies?

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Who enforces the Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act

George H. W. Bush

Who issued new Federal Sentencing Guidelines?

christopher columbus

Who sailed in 1492 to find the new world and to find gold?

Lyndon B. Johnson

Who signed the Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act

The Caux Round Table

Who spearheaded a collaborative effort to develop the Caux Principles for Responsible Business?

Interstate Commerce Commission in 1886

Set reasonable railway rates

Limited Liability

Shareholders only responsible for the amount they invested and not the corporation's debt

Code of Ethics

- A Code of Ethics briefly describes broad ethical aspirations - It is sometimes referred to as a Values Statement - It contains general principles to guide behavior

Adam Smith

a prominent member of the Scottish enlightenment, applied the concepts "reason" and "liberty" to a wide range of endeavors, including philosophy, politics, economics, and law

executive compensation

Average compensation for a fortune 500 CEO in 2010 was approximately $11.5 million

polygraph

Also known as lie detectors, can be used as a job screen by federal, state, and local government agencies, as well as businesses, engaged in national security issues

Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act

Prohibits businesses from discriminating among job applicants based on the person's race, color, religion, gender, or national origin Was passed in response to rampant inequality for racial minorities and women in the workplace

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

Cannot discriminate against an individual with a qualifying condition who can do the essential functions of his/her job with or without a reasonable accommodation

Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay (2009)

Cannot pay anyone less money based on a protected class

13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution

Ratified in 1865 Made slavery illegal in all of the United States

Disparate Impact

Disparate impact occurs when members of a protected class rarely make it through all the job -screening filters, suggesting that one of the decision rules could be unintentionally discriminatory

National labor relations act

Required employers to negotiate with duly elected unions

mercantilism

Economic system where foreign trade is government controlled and is paramount to the security of the country

communism

Economic system where property and assets are commonly owned and not privately held. Production of goods and services are determined by a central government.

capitalism

Economic systems where capital assets are privately owned and goods and services are brought to market in order to make a profit

verbal tendencies of lying

Hesitancy in responding, frequent speech disturbances, sighs, higher pitch, longer response before answering

- The Sarbanes-Oxley Act - Many industry associations and professional organizations develop codes as a self-regulating strategy that deflects government regulation - Most non profits have in their bylaws a requirement for a code of ethics/code of conduct

How do having codes meet legal requirements and industry trends?

economic growth generates more jobs and they are free to choose an occupation

How do laborers benefit from capitalism?

- Codes of Ethics clarifies appropriate behaviors and provides employees with clear and consistent moral guidance - It articulates and reinforce a moral consensus - It legitimizes dialogue about ethical issues when challenging situations arise

How does codes convey a particular set of values and obligations?

Researchers report that organizations with Codes of Ethics have higher levels of employee commitment and greater tolerance for diversity

How does having codes positively impact employee behaviors?

6

How many steps does it take for an ethics job screen process?

13

How many steps does it take to create a code of ethics?

- Discuss the organization's Codes of Ethics and Conduct with new employees to establish ethical expectations - New employees play a pivotal role in helping an organization achieve the highest standards for honesty and ethical behaviors

How should a company demonstrate that managers have a strong concern for ethics?

- conduct an annual assessment - get feedback from employees - survey both management and non-management

How should you reinforce the code of ethics and code of conduct?

No

Is a company required to have a code of ethics?

B Corporations

It is a certification process for branding a business as being ethical, sustainable, and socially responsible

Emancipation proclamation

January 1, 1863. Made slavery illegal in all Confederate states

Mental disability tests

Mental health and other medical tests for job candidates can be administered after a bona fide job offer has been made

Disparate Treatment

Occurs when an individual is intentionally discriminated against

Legal ground rules. Gather and use information in a way that does not discriminate against job candidates based on their race, color, religion, gender, national origin, age, or disability

What is the second step in the ethics screen process?

Post-interview tests. Ex: drug tests

What is the sixth step in the ethics screen process?

Behavioral information

What is the third step in the ethics screen process?

It must disclose that it does not have one and say why it does not have one.

What must a company due, according to Sarbanes Oxley, if they do not have a code of ethics?

Freedom and self-interest

What plays central roles in Smith's conception of capitalism?

list of prohibitions (things they should not do). Should say how employees SHOULD act.

What should a code of ethics entail?

Clearly note in the Code of Conduct that the employer's right to monitor email communications on company-owned computers and network systems supersedes employee privacy rights

What should you note about an employee's e-mail in the code of conduct?

If it has a code of ethics.

What will investors look at in a company before they buy stock?

when the object of value unduly influences buying decisions

When does gratuity evolve into a bribe?

Africa. Tobacco Plantations.

Where were slaves imported from in the 1600s and what were they used for?

Code of Conduct

addresses the wide range of legal expectations and ethical risks unique to an organization or profession

labor union

an association of employees that advances its members' interests, such as wages, benefits, work rules, and other conditions of employment, through collective bargaining with an employer

realistic job preview

an honest description of daily work activities that highlights both the exciting and tedious aspects of the job

living wage

refers to the amount of money a full-time employee needs to either afford the basic necessities in life or exceed the poverty threshold

Minimum wage

refers to the lowest wage an employer can legally pay an employee

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act

requires all publicly traded companies to disclose whether they have a Code of Ethics for senior financial officers

currency act

restricted power of colonies to issue money

Sugar Act

tax on Sugar

Ethical hypocrisy

the gap between an organization's formal ethical proclamations and its actual behavior, damages employee morale


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