BA 310 Test 1

In which era did the environment and drug use among employees begin to become dilemmas for employers?

1960's

The decade of the ____________ was a time when companies began to cover up their wrong doings rather than deal with the issues head-on. This decade also saw a distrust in government due to the Watergate scandal.

1970's

_________ manager is a manager who would be considered ethically neutral and who does not focus proactively on ethical issues

A moral

a Scottish philosopher, provided many of the teachings that underlie capitalist systems.

Adam Smith

Discovery of Ethics began with?

Aristotle Socrates Plato

A(n) _______ is a new type of corporation that addresses issues related to financial, social, and environmental objectives.

Benefit Corporation

Who was the CEO of Mississippi based WorldCom that was convicted of massive accounting fraud, which resulted in losses in the billions for investors?

Bernie Ebbers

The _________ in 1773 was a major colonial incident resulting from the East India Company's monopolistic business practices.

Boston Tea Party

______ can be defined as the collective values of a business organization that can be used to evaluate whether the behaviors of the organization's collective members are considered acceptable and appropriate.

Business Ethics

______________ is based on the belief that all individuals agree to social contracts to be a member within a society

Contractarianism or social contract theory

The assumption that actions of the corporation are desirable, proper, or appropriate within the limits of the corporation is called ________________.

Corporate Social Responsibility

Strategic configurations that relate to corporate philanthropy

Corporate giving that is thought out and planned. By their corporate giving, firms are able to create new market opportunities, develop and maintain highly motivated workforces, and stimulate customer demand for their products

Which of the following is used when an observer wants to understand the cause of events that generated the ethical issue?

Descriptive Ethics

Which of the following is not one of the three teleological frameworks?

Ethical Egoism utilitarianism Sidwick's dualism

The minimum wage, the lowest wage an employer can legally pay an employee, was federally mandated by which of the following pieces of legislation?

Fair Labor Standard Act

The three critical attributes of a successful social entrepreneur are wealth, intelligence, and the ability to speak multiple languages.

False

Bill of Rights

Freedom of speech freedom of press freedom of religion freedom to petition gov right to bear arms unreasonable search no cruel punishment

Jessica Jackley is one of the co-founders of what organization?

Kiva

Which economists believed that the only responsibility a corporation has is to maximize profits for its owners/investors?

MIlton Friedman

Root Causes of Hunger

Natural environment war poverty gap poor infrastructure over exploitation of environment

The most significant event in the U.S. related to ethics in the 2000s was the passage of the ______________________.

Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002

________ can be defined as organizations that have created business models that cater to basic human needs that are not currently being served.

Social entrepreneurship

______ is based on the principle of utility where each person's actions adds to the overall good of the community impacted by his or her actions.

Stakeholder Theory Development

The Industrial Revolution was characterized by which of the following?

The economy boomed when the Industrial Revolution spread from Britain to the United States in the early 1800s. o Technological innovation and the division of labor significantly increased productivity and reduced the price of products o Westward expansion required the transportation of goods to new markets and resulted in the creation of integrated industries, cheaper products, and job growth o Use of machines instead of hands- economic efficiency o Use of power- move goods large distances o Transportation o Due to massive amounts of new products being developed, there was a growth of: Corporations, Banks, Financial services industries, Professional managers o Leads to the need for regulation!

_____________ reporting is a concept that is receiving momentum as a way of satisfying the reporting and disclosure needs of various stakeholder groups, although many companies refer to the concept as an accountability report.

Triple Bottom Line Reporting

Which economic system's focus on liberty has increased national wealth more than any other economic system?

capitalism

Which of the following ethical frameworks focuses on the duty or obligation in determining whether the actions are wrong or right?

deontological frameworks

Types of ethical examinations

descriptive analytical normative

______________ is the presentation of facts related to specific ethical actions of an individual or organization.

descriptive ethics

Among reasons Pilgrims settled in Massachusetts were desires for?

economic and trade reasons

Traditional Stakeholders

employees suppliers stockholders customers government community society

can be defined as the values which an individual uses to interpret whether any particular action or behavior is considered acceptable and appropriate.

ethics

types of capital that social entrepreneurs need to focus on in order to succeed in their vision

financial social environment aesthetic

A(n) ____________________ manager focuses only on his or her own goals and the goals of the company and considers legal requirements as barriers that are ignored when their corporate actions are implemented.

immoral

Gender and ethnic biases can be common ________

implicit prejudice

__________________ occurs when the decision maker forms a bias toward individuals in the same group as the decision maker.

in-group favoritism

________________________ is the process in which small loans are given to entrepreneurial individuals in developing countries in order to develop income which will benefit the individual as well as the local village through poverty reduction.

microfinance

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 outlawed which of the following?

monopolies

___________ managers not only meet the minimum legal standards, but are proactive in presenting ethical leadership to the firm's employees and other stakeholders

moral

The 1935 passage of which law legally obligated employers to negotiate with duty elected unions and codified regulations that govern the process for forming a union?

national Labor relations act of 1935

__________ is defined as assigning a function or task that was previously done within a company to an external third party.

outsourcing

Traditional examples of violations of the ______ principle include theft, misappropriation of funds, and wasting resources.

property principle

The ________ test is based on the scenario of whether the individual is comfortable if his or her actions were publicized in a newspaper or on television.

publicity

Types of tests that an individual can use to evaluate the integrity of his or her actions:

publicity test trusted friend test reciprocity test Universality test Obituary Test

The _______________ test is also known as the Golden Rule test.

reciprocity

What was the underlying ethics violation in the Penn State scandal?

sexual abuse and failure to report

A social entrepreneur who focuses on addressing the social needs of local communities is referred to as a(n):

social bricoleur

types of social entrepreneurs

social bricoleur social constructionist social engineer

________ is the "wealth" that is generated to the community and society through the operations of the social entrepreneur's organization.

social capital

A social entrepreneur who focuses on exploiting the market gaps which do not serve certain customers is called a(n):

social constructionists

Which of the following is most likely a business strategy of a company that sells to Bottom of the Pyramid customers?

social entrepreneurship

First created in the late 1880s in response to increasing corporate complexity and growth, the concept of ______ ________ refers to laws protecting individual shareholders from financial liability if businesses sued or failed

the Interstate Commerce Commission in 1887

A B Corporation is distinct from a typical corporation because the B Corporation certification focuses on?

triple bottom line reporting: People, Planet, and Profit

Characteristics of successful social entrepreneurs

•A specific vision of the purpose and goals and objectives for the organization •The ability to use his or her leadership skills to champion the implementation of his or her vision •The will and motivation to be committed to developing the business so that it will be sustainable in the long term