BA 352 Final Study Guide (Ch 5-8, 11-14, & 16)

Which of the following is true of teams? The members of a team operate relatively independently of each other, and other members are not essential to their completion of goals. Groups are formed with a specific purpose in mind, while teams do not have a specific goal. Interactions among members within teams are more personal and informal than interactions between people in groups. A team consists of two or more people who work independently, with distinct goals and strategies. A team works interdependently over some time period to accomplish common goals related to some task-oriented purpose.

A team works interdependently over some time period to accomplish common goals related to some task-oriented purpose.

A printer breaks at work and causes a disruption for Angela in her work day. This is an example of what type of work stressor? Time pressure Daily hassle Work complexity Work responsibility

Daily hassle

Tyler is working on a challenging project for Black Company. He enjoys the challenge and is making substantial progress. He anticipates that he will complete his portion of the project in two weeks. His boss sends him an email announcing she has told the client he will be finished with his work in three days. Tyler believes that this is an impossible target. According to goal setting theory, Tyler's motivation will: The new, The new deadline will have no impact on Tyler's motivation Remain the same as Tyler is a good employee Decrease as he now views the task as impossible Increase as he wants to impress his boss

Decrease as he now views the task as impossible

_________ diversity refers to diversity with respect to attributes that are less easy to observe initially but that can be inferred after more direct experience. Disjunctive Similarity-attraction Conjunctive Surface-level Deep-level

Deep-level

Self-efficacy causes employees to believe they have the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities to accomplish the job. Which of the following is not an example of self-efficacy? Lucy is spurred on by the visible excitement of her teammates Elizabeth believes she will be successful due to the clarity in her job description Molly relies on her experience in the same role to bolster her confidence Bradley believes he can accomplish the task because he has seen his friend Mary do it Ryan receives positive messages from his coach expressing belief in his abilities

Elizabeth believes she will be successful due to the clarity in her job description

Brittany has been given a great deal of opportunity to advance her career. She recently got a huge increase in authority and salary, and she was hired to do what she has always claimed was her dream job. However, Brittany compares her office and title to her coworker Tara and notices that Tara got a bigger office and nicer furniture than she did. Brittany's motivation declines and she complains about the lack of fairness in her treatment. Brittany's behavior would seem to support ________ theory. Autonomy Valence Equity Acknowledgement

Equity

_________ knowledge is information that is relatively easily communicated and a large part of what companies teach during training sessions. Explicit Tacit Implied Inferred Inherent

Explicit

T/F: Both hinderance and challenges stressors lead to negative emotions and therefore negatively impact job performance.

False

T/F: Emotional support from friends and family is nice, but has not been shown to be helpful in managing high stress situations.

False

T/F: Strong cultures are always good cultures as they guide their employees toward the most successful organizational outcomes.

False

Which of the following generations is experiencing the highest levels of stress according to a 2022 APA study?

Gen Z

Which of the following is not an example of an extrinsic motivator? Pay Promotion Knowledge gain Benefits & perks

Knowledge gain

Depression, anxiety, inability to think clearly and reduced confidence are all example of: Behavioral Strains Cognitive Strains Psychological Strains Physiological Strains

Psychological Strains

Strategies for fostering goal commitment include the following except: Participation Rewards Satisfaction Support Publicity

Satisfaction

_________ is(are) the degree to which group members think and act alike, and _________ represent(s) how friendly employees are to one another.

Solidarity; sociability

The negative consequences of stress are referred to as:

Strains

_________ exist(s) when the overall organizational culture is supplemented by another culture governing a more specific set of employees. Encounter stages Service cultures Fragmentation Subcultures

Subcultures

Which of the following is true about goal setting theory? The theory argues that equity is the greatest moderator of goal achievement The theory argues that specific, difficult goals are best The theory argues that employees work hardest and are most engaged when goals are easy The theory outlines how "do-your-best" goals elicit the highest levels of performance

The theory argues that specific, difficult goals are best

Which of the following statements is true with regard to transition processes Transition processes are important as the task work is being accomplished Transition processes involve keeping track of things that the team needs to accomplish its work Transition processes involve members going out of their way to help other team members Transition processes are important between periods of work activity

Transition processes are important between periods of work activity

T/F: From time to time, leaders need to resist the influence of other leaders or higher-ups to do what is best for their own unit.

True

T/F: Tacit knowledge is the kind of information that employees can typically learn only through experience

True

Brian and Ella are working on a team project. The boss indicates that if they perform well, he will give both of them tickets to the ballet. While Brian is enthusiastic about the performance, Ella is not interested. According to Expectancy Theory, the boss has failed to consider the ___________ of the award in trying to motivate the team. Expectancy Equity Valence Instrumentality

Valence

The unethical behavior of opening unauthorized accounts at which major American bank could be considered an unfortunate consequence of overprescribing goal setting?

Wells Fargo

In the tv show The Office (U.S.), Michael Scott, who is the Dunder Mifflin Scranton regional manager, gives awards called "the Dundies" to his employees every year. All the employees in this branch attend, and whoever wins a "Dundee" would give a speech. This is an example of a physical structure a ritual a symbol a story

a ritual

Keenan is the art director for Spangler Publishing, a publisher of art monographs, coffee-table books, and several niche lifestyle magazines. Keenan is extremely skilled and has a prestigious art degree and many awards. However, Keenan is also aloof and rarely offers to help those who work for and with him. Despite this, Keenan's employees trust him to lead the department. Keenan's trustworthiness appears to be based on ability disposition integrity benevolence autonomy

ability

Punishment occurs when an unwanted outcome follows an unwanted behavior a positive outcome follows a desired behavior. consequences are removed following an unwanted behavior consequences are reinforced following a desired behavior

an unwanted outcome follows an unwanted behavior

Ruta has built her successful company by paying close attention to details. She is meticulous and highly demanding and often imposes her decisions on subordinates. Ruta uses the _________ style of decision making. delegate consultative autocratic participative transformational

autocratic

Steven's parents divorced when he was just six years old. He also experienced bullying in elementary school. As an adult, his partner lied and stole money from him. Steven is not likely to demonstrate_________ trust disposition-based cognitive-based affect-based justice-based

disposition-based

If a professor brings a convicted white-collar criminal to speak to students about the white-collar criminal's unethical actions and the consequences of those actions, the professor is attempting to increase students' moral awareness ability propensity identity intensity

awareness

In practice, there are two major ways to change a culture. They are changes in leadership and mergers or acquisitions mergers and ASA framework. ASA framework and socialization. socialization and mergers or acquisitions.

changes in leadership and mergers or acquisitions

The highest level of interaction and coordination among members is required in _________ interdependence. reciprocal pooled comprehensive sequential

comprehensive

Orrin, the manager of Nordic Kitchen and Bath, has always been supportive of his employees and works to understand their feelings. On most occasions, he overlooks their mistakes and gives them opportunities to develop a friendly atmosphere in the office. He often takes on some of their work in order to reduce their burden. Orrin would score high on directive behavior. intermediation. initiating structure. consideration.

consideration

One way to potentially prevent problems associated with too much cohesion is to formally institute the role of a(n) _________, a person who is responsible for evaluating and challenging prevailing points of view in a constructive manner and also bringing in fresh perspectives and ideas to the team

devil's advocate

Companies merge for various reasons, but with acquisitions, the company doing the acquiring has a _________ culture to which the other is expected to adapt. fragmented safety service dominant

dominant

Which of the following answer options reflects the beliefs, philosophies, and norms that a company explicitly states? ceremonies espoused values rituals stories

espoused values

Walker International recently published its vision statement, which is an example of espoused values. basic underlying assumptions. rituals. observable artifacts

espoused values.

As a soldier in the U.S. Army, Lexi underwent an extensive course of training as a combat field medic. During that time, she learned from manuals and performed exercises involving dummies and other simulation aids. A few months later, she found herself in a combat situation overseas, treating real soldiers with actual wounds. She would later tell her family that what she learned in a day on the battlefield was worth many weeks of training in school. In terms of organizational behavior, this example illustrates the difference between_________ knowledge. explicit and tacit general and specific ordinary and esoteric theoretical and practical transitory and permanent

explicit and tacit

Which of the following represents the predictable sequence of stages in team development? performing, forming, norming, storming, and adjourning norming, forming, storming, performing, and adjourning forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning norming, forming, performing, storming, and adjourning

forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning

According to the leader-member exchange theory, the two general types of leader-member dyads are:

high-quality exchange and low-quality exchange.

Schmidt Sporting Gear, a large athletics store, pays its employees a base salary, as well as up to a 12 percent bonus based on individual performance and up to a 5 percent bonus based on team performance. Schmidt uses a reward structure with management teams. hybrid outcome interdependence parallel teams sequential interdependence

hybrid outcome interdependence

Brady looks up to his boss, Malik, who has a business degree from Yale and, like Brady, is ambitious, successful, and extroverted. Brady and Malik also share a similar, warped sense of humor. Malik often says to Brady: "You remind me of myself ten years ago." Brady is likely to be a member of Malik's triad ingroup. outgroup. support team. dyad

ingroup

Involving the use of problem solving and mutual respect to achieve an outcome that is satisfying for both parties, _________ is aimed at accomplishing a win-win scenario. substitutability exchanging information distributive bargaining integrative bargaining

integrative bargaining

Which two related concepts help assure that employees will place their trust in authorities, such as the management of a company? justice and ethics justice and perception of power ethics and responsibility commitment and ethics

justice and ethics

In the leader-member exchange theory, the low-quality exchange dyad forms the leader's outgroup ingroup internal attributes levels of mutual trust

outgroup

Ronin knew the deadline was approaching quickly, and his team needed just one more day to complete their sales analysis. He used both his power and influence to get the deadline extended a few more days so his team could meet their goal. Ronin is exhibiting his collaboration visibility leadership visibility

leadership

Teamwork processes have a _________ effect on team performance and a _________ effect on team commitment weak positive; moderate positive strong positive; moderate positive moderate positive; strong positive weak positive; strong positive

moderate positive; strong positive

What are the three major components to any organizational culture?

observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions

Major types of power can be grouped along two dimensions, inner and outer professional and organizational social and personal organizational and personal

organizational and personal

High _________ interdependence implies that team members depend on the performance of other team members for the rewards that they receive. sequential outcome reciprocal comprehensive

outcome

Soon after becoming the new store manager of Halo Foods, an organic food market, Max discovers that employees are coming in late to work, taking long breaks, and behaving unprofessionally while on the job. After considering the situation, he introduces a new set of guidelines, along with contingencies of reinforcement. Those who show up on time, do not exceed their allotted break schedules, and show themselves behaving professionally at all times while on duty during the next month will be given a $20 Visa gift card, courtesy of management. Those who fail to meet the requirements, on the other hand, will be asked to stay late one night a week and attend an unpaid training session. The contingencies Max is planning to implement—the Visa gift card on the one hand and the unpaid training session on the other—are, respectively,

positive reinforcement & punishment

When people first encounter stressors, the process of ________ is triggered. emotional venting primary appraisal behavioral appraisal critical thinking

primary appraisal

Noted for being a creative thinker and wearing bright-colored glasses, Clemente is no ordinary associate director within the gigantic Walbeam Corporation. Top management has identified him as one of the rising stars, and he has an enormously loyal following among the company's youngest and most energetic executives. Everyone, it seems, wants to be around Clemente, who possesses a great deal of _________ power within the organization reward coercive structural referent collaborative

referent

Manufacturing and medical companies primarily desire to create a _________ culture. customer service safety sustainability diversity

safety

Halle is on a team that has just been formed. There are people of a wide variety of ages, genders, and ethnicities. Halle's team demonstrates surface-level diversity. conjunctive task completion. high task interdependence deep-level diversity

surface-level diversity.

An example of a management team is a team of surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses, and physical therapists involved in designing the treatment and recovery plan for a patient about to undergo a major operation group of security employees monitoring remote camera feeds and patrolling the grounds of a storage facility each day. group of scientists spending eight weeks investigating the cause and environmental impact of a major oil spill. team that oversees the functioning of all the teams in a communications company and coordinates activities among those teams.

team that oversees the functioning of all the teams in a communications company and coordinates activities among those teams.

_________ is when we attribute our failures to external factors and our successes to internal factors. the self-serving bias the ratio bias effect the gambler's fallacy escalation of commitment

the self-serving bias

Teamwork activities that focus on preparation for future work refer to brainstorming process gain transition processes cohesion team process

transition processes

What do members do during the performing stage of team development? orient themselves by trying to understand their boundaries in the team experience anxiety and other emotions as they disengage and ultimately separate from the team work comfortably within their roles, and the team makes progress toward goals remain committed to ideas they bring with them to the team

work comfortably within their roles, and the team makes progress toward goals