Basic terminology Anatomy and Physiology - Unit 1
If one is standing in the anatomical position, front refers to anterior front refers to ventral back refers to posterior back refers to dorsal all of the above
All the above
Which of the following terms describes the study of body structure?
Anatomy
Correctly name the related directional term on this lateral image. Some terms may be used in multiple places.
Anterior/Posterior Superior/Inferior Proximal/Distal
Which of the following imaging techniques rely on body planes? (NOTE: Choose all that apply, as more than one answer may be correct.
CT scans PET scans Sonograms MRI scans
Which of the following represent the SMALLEST unit that is capable of sustaining life?
Cell
The human body is composed of ______ organ systems
Eleven
Which organ system functions in regulating and controlling all other organ systems and their functions? (NOTE: Choose all that apply, as more than one answer may be correct.)
Endocrine system Nervous system
Match the organ system with its primary function
Endocrine system-secretes hormones Cardiovascular system-transports gases and nutrients Nervous system-processes sensory information Lymphatic system-defends the body against disease Urinary system-regulates blood volume and blood pressure
The "X" in the following figure represents which abdominopelvic region?
Epigastric
Place each of the labels in the box designating which plane or section is being referred to or demonstrated
Frontal Plane Divides the body into right and left. Which section could not produce a view of both kidneys simultaneously. Transverse Plane Divides the body into top and bottom. Allows circumferential comparisons between arms. Which section could not display the abdominal and thoracic organs simultaneously?
The maintenance of an organism's constant internal environment is known as
Homeostasis
The organs of the reproductive system facilitate reproduction in the human body. This organ system is different in a man and a woman.
Male Reproductive System Production and delivery of sperm Female Reproductive System Production of egg and fetal nourishment
Which of the following organs belong to more than one organ system? (NOTE: Choose all that apply, as there may be more than one correct answer.)
Male Urethra Ovaries Testes Pancreas
Which of the following is NOT one of the main body cavities?
Mediastinum
Match the variable to the proper homeostatic regulatory mechanism
Negative Feedback- Blood glucose levels Blood pH Blood volume Positive Feedback- Labor Blood clotting
The organ systems below provide communication, regulation, and control of most other systems to the human body Drag each characteristic to the correlating organ system.
Nervous System Integration of sensory and motor function Endocrine System Hormone production
Which of the following is the highest and most complex level of organization?
Organism
Which of the following terms describes the study of function?
Physiology
Arrange the parts of a typical homeostatic mechanism in the correct order (top to bottom) below.
Receptors Control center (set point) Effectors (muscles or glands) Response
Match the characteristics of a variable below to the correct variable (Regulated or Controlled).
Regulated Variable- A variable that must be kept within a certain acceptable range A variable that is sensed (or detected) via sensors that is already embedded into the system Controlled Variable- A variable that the system cannot change A variable that does not have a corresponding sensor embedded in the system
The organ systems below play a role in what the body takes in and what the body puts out. Drag each characteristic to the correlating organ system.
Respiratory System Exchange of gasses between the body and environment Urinary System Regulates blood volume and electrolyte balance Digestive System Mechanically and chemically breaks down ingested nutrients
Which of the following is NOT an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?
Retention of fluid leading to retention of more fluid
If a body in the anatomical position were to be sliced horizontally into equal upper and lower portions, which of the following statements would be true?
The body would be divided into equal superior and inferior portions
Match the organ/structure with the system to which it belongs.
Trachea-Respiratory system Spleen-Lymphatic system Arteries-Cardiovascular system Sweat glands-Integumentary system Ligaments-Skeletal system
The body's response to blood loss is an example of _____________ receptor
positive feedback
Drag and drop the plane to its corresponding section through the brain
Transverse Plane Sagittal Plane Frontal Plane
The liver is found in the ______________ of the abdominopelvic cavity.
Upper Right Quadrants
Put the following in their correct order of complexity from top (simplest) to bottom (most complex).
White blood cells Epithelium The heart Central nervous system Human
Order the following items from top (simplest) to bottom (most complex).
cells tissue organ organ system organism
Which of the following regions is NOT part of the appendicular portion of the body?
cervical
Correctly name the related directional term on this anterior image. Some terms may be used in multiple places.
1) Right 2) Left 3)Superior 4)Inferior 5)Proximal 6)Distal 7)Distal 8)Proximal
The abdominopelvic cavity can be divided into quadrants.
4
Which of the following is a CORRECT description of a transverse section?
A slice that separates the superior and inferior body regions
Which of the following is required in order for the body to maintain homeostasis? (NOTE: Choose all that apply, as more than one answer may be correct.)
Any input to the body equals the amount of output by the body Organ system integration
A __________ is a single view of one __________.
section plane
How many body cavities are found in the human body?
Four
The human body contains main body cavities.
Four
Match the structure to the cavity in which it is found. Pericardial cavity Abdominal cavity Pancreas Cranial cavity Pleural cavity Pelvic cavity
Heart Pancreas Brain Lungs Female ovaries
The organ systems below provide support, protection, and movement to the human body Drag each characteristic to the correlating organ system.
Integumentary System Protects against evaporative water loss Skeletal System Supports body structures and stores calcium Muscular System Heat production and voluntary movement
Which of the following organ systems provides structural support, protection, and mobility? (NOTE: Choose all that apply, as there may be more than one correct answer.)
Integumentary system Skeletal system Muscular system
Anatomy is the study of body ______________. Physiology is the study of the ______________ of body parts and how they interact with each other.
Structure Function
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between form and function? (NOTE: Select all that apply, as more than one answer may be correct)
Studying the Physiology of a body system can help predict the Anatomy of that system. Anatomy is to structure, as Physiology is to function Location, number, and orientation are associated with Anatomy.
Which of the following terms refers to structure that is towards the head of the body?
Superior
Which of the following is an example of Anatomy? Autorhythmic cells of the heart are able to contract on their own.
The human heart is composed of four chambers.
Which of the following is NOT considered an organ system of the human body?
The liver system
Which of the following would be found in the thoracic cavity?
The lungs
Which of the following statements about homeostasis is FALSE?
The primary mechanism to maintain homeostasis is positive feedback
Which of the following is an example of Physiology?
The valves of the human heart prevent any potential backflow of blood.
Which of the following is considered a function of body cavities?
To protect internal organs
Which of the following body regions corresponds to the arm?
brachial
The chin is ___________ to the nose.
inferior
Changes in the external environment will alter __________ , which is detected by the ____________, and this information is sent to the control center.
regulated sensor
