BCOM 4300: Chapter 3 Test

Which of the following is an outcome typically associated with authoritarian leadership? A) increased dependence B) decreased efficiency C) increased creativity D) decreased productivity

A) Increased dependence

Kim works for a company that recognizes individual achievements of workers and values communication and collaboration but also highly emphasizes the shared cultural values and beliefs of its workers. What type of leadership philosophy does this exemplify? A) Theory X B) democratic C) Theory Z D) Theory Y

C) Theory Z

The personal views and attitudes of a leader about the nature of people and work constitute a ______. A) philosophy of management B) personal philosophy C) work philosophy D) philosophy of leadership

D) Philosophy of leadership

Theory Y assumes that people like to work, accept/seek responsibility, and are ______. A) compliant B) cooperative C) self-motivated D) caring

D) Self-motivated

Theory Y most closely resembles which of the following leadership styles? A) Authoritarian B) Laissez-Faire C) Democratic D) Autocratic

Democratic

Which outcome is associated with authoritarian leadership? A) Limited personal growth of workers. B) Increased communication among workers. C) Dependence of workers on the leader D) Reduced efficiency and productivity

Dependence of workers on the leader

The leadership theories of Theory X and Theory Y were developed by who?

Douglas McGregor

Leaders must understand their own leadership philosophies and how these ideas affect their leadership styles to be ______. A) Well-liked B) Respected C) Effective D) Understood

Effective

Match the statements below with the leadership style they best represent. * Followers need control and direction * Followers should have absolute freedom * Workers should be guided and developed

Followers need control and direction - Authoritarian Followers should have absolute freedom - Laissez-faire Workers should be guided and developed - Democratic

Match each descriptor with the theory it best describes. * People are naturally resourceful. * People lack ambition.

People are naturally resourceful - Theory Y People lack ambition - Theory X

Which of the Following is an Assumption of Theory? A) People are self-motivated. B) People are uncomfortable with responsibility. C) People like their co-workers. D) People prefer to be directed.

People are self-motivated.

Workers who work only because they need to be paid are an example of which assumption of Theory X? A) People need to be controlled. B) People need to be directed. C) People do not like to work. D) People want security instead of responsibility.

People do not like work

Leaders may utilize more than one leadership style depending on the situation or expected outcome. True False

True

Many leaders today exhibit Theory Y leadership. A) True B) False

True

The laissez-faire leadership style is different from both Theory X and Theory Y. A) True B) False

True

The style of leadership used by a leader is dependent on the situation or task to be completed. A) True B) False

True

Theory X supports the idea that workers want leaders to set goals for them. A) True B) False

True

Which of the following is an assumption of Theory X? A) People like to work. B) Workers want responsibilities. C) Workers must be closely supervised. D) People are self-motivated.

Workers must be closely supervised.

An individual's philosophy of leadership is shaped by their personal views and beliefs about the nature of people and work. A) True B) False

True

Authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire leadership styles might sometimes overlap. A) True B) False

True

A leader in a short-term role or with limited power to enact changes might use which of the following leadership styles? A) Dictatorship B) Democratic C) Laissez-faire D) Authoritarian

Laissez-faire

Authoritarian leadership would be least likely used in which situation? A) There is an emergency situation. B) A new employee needs specific training. C) There is a time crunch to get things done. D) A project requires collaboration between group members.

A project requires collaboration between group members.

Say a similar nonprofit organization took a different approach related to leadership for youth leaders and focused on providing clear and rigid expectations, closely monitoring everyone to ensure those expectations were met, and promptly taking corrective action if a youth leader's performance was seen as subpar. In this fictional organization, the youth leaders would likely display ______. A) greater dependence on the leaders at the nonprofit B) increased creativity and individuality C) greater interest in working in collaborative groups D) increased feelings of cohesion with the team at the nonprofit

A) greater dependence on the leaders at the nonprofit

______ leaders exhibit a high amount of leader influence. A) Authoritarian B) Democratic C) Laissez-faire D) Theory X

Authoritarian

A style of leadership that emphasizes leader control of subordinates, limited communication between group members, and subjective praise/criticism is considered to be which of the following? A) Laissez-faire leadership style B) Autocratic leadership style C) Authoritarian leadership style D) Democratic leadership style

Authoritarian leadership style

The most common leadership styles related to Theory X and Theory Y are ______. A) Authoritarian, democratic, and autocratic B) Authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire C) Democratic, transformative, and laissez-faire D) Democratic, laissez-faire, and autocratic

Authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire

Which of the following is an assumption of Theory Y? A) People are uncomfortable with responsibility. B) People are self-motivated. C) People prefer to be directed. D) People like their coworkers.

B) People are self-motivated.

Which statement would Theory X leaders be most likely to agree with? A) Workers are self-motivated. B) Workers are uninterested in work. C) Workers value their work. D) Workers are unaffected by leadership style.

B) Workers are uninterested in work

Angela has complete freedom at work and little to no direction from her supervisor. She is trusted to complete her work independently and set her own goals. Her supervisor does not give evaluations, praise, or criticism. What type of leadership does Angela's supervisor display? A) effective leadership B) authoritarian leadership C) laissez-faire leadership D) democratic leadership

C) Laissez-faire leadership.

The authoritarian leadership style is most similar to which of the following? A) democratic leadership style B) Theory Y C) Theory X D) laissez-faire leadership style

C) Theory X

Which of the following theories maintains that workers will take on and look for responsibility at work, given the appropriate environment? A) Theory X B) Theory Z C) Theory Y D) authoritarian

C) Theory Y

A laissez-faire leadership style may be most effective when managing workers who _____. A) excel at individualized tasks B) Thrive from group tasks C) Like to be given direction and goals D) Require ongoing feedback.

Excel at individualized tasks.

An authoritarian leader might do which of the following? A) Promote collaboration B) Exert strong influence C) Share goal-setting responsibilities D) Give objective praise

Exert strong influence

Democratic leaders often use "top-down" communication techniques. A) True B) False

False

Laissez-faire leadership styles usually promote worker productivity. A) True B) False

False

The humanitarian work done by former President Jimmy Carter in his retirement is an example of a Theory X assumption. A) True B) False

False

The specific behaviors of a leader and how they act are called a Leadership Philosophy. A) True B) False

False

Theory Y leaders use external reinforcement strategies to motivate their followers. A) True B) False

False

Specific behaviors and actions of leaders can best be defined as which of the following? A) Leadership assumptions B) Leadership philosophy C) Leadership traits D) Leadership style

Leadership style

Which statement is true? A) A person's leadership style is fixed and does not change over time. B) Leadership styles do not affect work outcomes. C) Leadership styles can vary depending on the situation or task. D) The vast majority of leaders are laissez-faire leaders.

Leadership styles can vary depending on the task.

A laissez-faire leader might do which of the following? A) Promote collaboration B) Maintain a low leadership profile C) Increase workers' motivation D) Criticize workers

Maintain a low leadership profile

Democratic leaders exhibit a ______ amount of leader influence. A) Low B) Neutral C) Moderate D) High

Moderate

A leader is dissatisfied with the productivity of their team. As a democratic leader, this person would most likely ______. A) Continue to monitor performance but not interfere B) Restate the expectations and define punishments for failure to meet targets C) Solicit employee ideas for improvement D) Micromanage the staff until productivity improves

Solicit employee ideas for improvement.

A manager complains about having to micromanage workers. The manager calls her workers unproductive and lazy. She does not feel that they value their work. What type of leadership philosophy does this represent? A) Democratic B) Theory Y C) Theory X D) Laissez-faire

Theory X

A manager implements a new reward and consequences system in the office to help motivate workers to meet a certain goal. What type of leadership philosophy best describes the manager's strategy? A) Democratic B) Theory Y C) Laissez-faire D) Theory X

Theory X

Your new job allows you to work from home on goals that you set with your supervisor. You can collaborate with coworkers remotely, using video-conferencing tools to complete group projects. Your supervisor believes you are responsible and capable of meeting your work goals without being micromanaged. What type of leadership does this work environment represent? A) Theory X B) Laissez-faire C) Authoritarian D) Theory Y

Theory Y