Behavior changes

How to increase self efficacy?

Having repeated positive experience Practice Experience

Increasing calcium intakes in people aged 2 years and older falls is an objective of which program?

Healthy People 2030

The health belief model was developed as a way to explain why people in high-risk groups failed to participate in programs designed to detect or prevent disease.​

T

The transtheoretical model describes an individual's motivation and readiness for change.

T

Theory of Planned Behavior provide explanation to irrational behavior.

T

Which of the following is true of the knowledge stage of the diffusion of innovation model?

The individual is aware of the innovation and has acquired some information about it.

Behavior Modification is a process within TTM.

True

Limitation of Health Belief Model does not include:

Unclear explanation on irrational behavior

To move from pre-contemplation to contemplation, you decide to put client in the role of other to see how they feel about ___________________________.

consequences of unchaged behavior)

Which stage of the transtheoretical model involves the individual thinking about making a change and possibly weighing the risks and benefits of changing behavior?

contemplation

Incentive programs and specific how-to education are part of which component of the health belief model?

cues to action

Which stage of the diffusion of innovation model involves an individual being aware of an innovation and having acquired some information about it?

knowledge

Which stage of the transtheoretical model involves the individual sustaining the change for six months or longer, with the changed behavior becoming a part of his or her daily routine?

maintenance

During contemplation interview, you want the client to reflect on their dietary intake. The purpose is not to analyze nutrient, but to understand client's ___________________.

own feelings about their diet)

According to the American Cancer Society's dietary recommendations in 2012, which level of intake is above the recommended level among Americans?

saturated fat

Which term describes the belief that one can make a behavior change?

self efficacy

Which term describes the belief that one can successfully make a behavior change?

self-efficacy

Which intervention strategy is most appropriate for an individual with hypertension in the preparation stage?

setting small, specific, realistic goals

What is the focus of the social cognitive theory?

target behaviors

Match the strength and weakness of Theory of Planned Behavior

Emphasize on attitude change strength No physical environment weakness Lack of explanation on irrational behavior weakness Inclusion of social factor strength

How to change attitude?

Experience something contrary to previous held opinions Observation of good behavior

Behavior change theories provide evidence-based methods that are not empirically tested.​

F

Self-efficacy is the determination to act in a certain way.​

F

Which descriptor typically applies to innovators?

Financially privileged

How many stages are there in the diffusion of innovation model?

Four

Which of the following attitudes best aligns with the cognitive-behavioral theory?

actively ready to make a change

The transtheoretical model is also referred to as the ____.​

​stages of change model

Which model of behavior change was developed by Prochaska and DiClemente?​

​transtheoretical model

The diffusion of innovation model addresses the process by which people adopt new ideas and behaviors.​

T

What is the best description for intention?

A determination to act in a certain way

Cognitive-behavioral theory is based on what assumption?

All behavior is learned and directly related to internal factors.

Which of the following were developed specifically to explain why and how people alter their routine activities?

Behavior change theories and models

According to the transtheoretical model, at which stage is an individual thinking about making a change by weighing the risks of the change's benefits?

Contemplation

Your client is newly diagnosed with diabetes, he is thinking about getting a continuous glucose monitor, but he think it is not necessary to get it this month. What stage is he in?

Contemplation

How to raise consciousness?

Demonstrate the benefit of new behavior

Which statement gives the best example of self-efficacy?

I can find the calcium content of foods by reading food labels.

Which group of people accept an a new technology readily, usually without input from significant others?

Innovators

When a counselor utilizes motivational interviewing, how would promoting self-efficacy benefit the client?

It empowers the client by encouraging hope that change is possible.

What is the purpose of the diffusion of innovation model?

It explains how a product or idea becomes accepted by a majority of consumers.

What is the best description of motivational interviewing?

It is designed to help clients build commitment and reach a decision to change.

Which statement is true about the health belief model?

It is of limited value for primary prevention activities.

What is a key concept of the social-cognitive theory?

Learning occurs through taking action and observation of others taking action.

What was the outcome of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Research Group?

Lifestyle intervention was significantly more effective than drug therapy.

Which of the following are good question to assess client's readiness to change?

On average, how many cup of vegetable do you consume per day? Have you tried following a low fat diet? How successful were you when you were following the keto diet?

Your client stated that on a scale of 1-12, they rate themselves 10 in how interested they are in eating more vegetable. What stage(s) are they in?

Preparation/action/maintenance

What is the key to move from preparation to action?

Self-liberation

The final stage of stages of change happen after

Sustaining the change for at least 6 months

Behavior Modification is only effective for motivated client.

T

Frequently, practitioners incorporate concepts from more than one theory into an intervention design.​

T

Motivational interviewing targets changes in attitudes and beliefs.

T

TTM incorporate elements of several theories.

T

The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene's television ad campaign, "Are You Pouring on the Pounds?" is an example of a social marketing campaign.

T

What should be address when identifying objective for Behavior Modification?

What would the rewards for reaching objectives? What is the specific behavior that needs to be done? Under what condition will changes occur?

What is the correct order for Stages of Change?

_(5)Maintenance_____(1)Precontemplation _____(3)Preparation_____(2)Contemplation _____(4)Action

What term refers to the positive or negative evaluation of performing a behavior?

attitude

Which term refers to the response of an individual to their environment?

behavior

In motivational interviewing, who would be considered the "lifestyle expert"?

client

Which stage of the diffusion of innovation model involves the individual performing activities that lead to either adopting or rejecting the innovation?

decision

Which behavior change theory focuses on the process by which an idea or behavior spreads throughout a population?

diffusion of innovation model

In which category are "opinion leaders" often found?

early adopters

The process of testing and assessing certain program elements before it is implemented fully is called ____ evaluation.

formative

Which behavior change theory proposes that before adopting a new health behavior, an individual considers his vulnerability to the problem, the seriousness of the problem, and the new behavior's effectiveness for reducing the risk or preventing the problem?

health belief model

Which term refers to a person's determination to act in a certain way?

intention

By examining the relationship between an individual's beliefs, attitudes, intentions, and behavior, the theory of reasoned action explains which level of behavior?

intrapersonal

Which term describes the formal process to instruct or train individuals in a skill to facilitate voluntary adoption of nutrition-related behaviors to improve or maintain health?

nutriton education

Which term refers to the phenomenon that occurs when individuals acquire a new behavior by watching others model it?

observational learning

In the health belief model, when does a person explore the pros and cons of a behavior change?

perceived benefits

The health belief model conceptualizes an individual's ____ as having two dimensions.

perception of threats

Which stage of the transtheoretical model involves the individual being unaware of or not interested in making a change?

precontemplation

Which concept in social-cognitive theory refers to the dynamic interaction between the person, the behavior, and the environment in which the behavior is performed?

reciprocal determinism

In the social cognitive theory, what are the responses to a person's behavior that increase or decrease recurrence likelihood?

reinforcements

For which behavior change theory did Albert Bandura formulate many of the central concepts?

social cognitive theory

Which behavior change theory includes self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and self-regulation, which were applied in developing, implementing, and evaluating the EatFit intervention program for young teens?

social-cognitive theory

In the theory of planned behavior, what is another term for social pressure from others to perform or not to perform a behavior?

subjective norms

Which behavior change theory considers an individual's intention to change behavior as determined by both personal attitudes and subjective norm?

theory of planned behavior

What is another name for the theory of planned behavior?

theory of reasoned action

Which theory asserts that behaviors are determined by a person's intentions to behave in specific ways, which are, in turn, influenced by past experiences with those behaviors?

theory of trying

According to the transtheoretical model, individuals are in the ____ stage when they have incorporated a behavior change into their daily routine and sustained it for six months or longer.​

​maintenance

Which behavior change theory describes behavior change as a series of different steps through which people must move?

transtheoretical model

Which behavior change approach characterizes individuals as early adopters or laggards?​

​diffusion of innovation model

​Which intervention strategy is most appropriate for someone in the precontemplation stage of change?

​exploring ambivalence about change

Which theory of consumer health behavior was developed by social psychologists as a means of explaining why people in high-risk groups failed to participate in programs designed to detect or prevent disease?​

​health belief model