Behavioral Analysis Ch.9
Explain why telling someone to stop doing something is not an example of extinction even if the person stops doing it.
Because an instruction to stop cannot be an example of extinction or because such an instruction does not involve stopping an event that has followed the behavior
Sometimes when you stop delivering a reinforcer, the person's rate of behavior may briefly increase! Explain why stopping the reinforcer can still be an example of extinction.
Because the increase may be temporary. It may be an extinction burst.
Define the term extinction.
The delivery of a reinforcer following a behavior is stopped and the rate of the behavior decreases.
Bill, a regular at the restaurant, was always calling for Ronald's service by yelling, "Garcon, come here." This annoyed Ronald greatly so he finally decided not to serve Bull when he called him a "boy" ("Garcon" is French for boy). Pretty soon Bill stopped calling him "Garcon." What behavioral procedure to Ronald use? __________
extinction
Dave always started pestering his mother for a snack just about the time she started cooking dinner. While this irritated her, she tried to be a good mother and explain why he couldn't have a snack at that time. She finally decided that this wasn't working and that she would be better off ignoring his requests. What procedure would she be using if she ignored his requests and he stopped them? __________
extinction
Fay used to ask Harry to go to the store. However, since he took up jogging, Harry won't go to the store when Fay asks. After ten weeks of asking with no results, Fay finally gave up asking Harry to go to the store. What behavioral procedure did Harry use to eliminate Fay's requests? __________
extinction
Fritz frequently looked out of the train window as he rode through Switzerland. After sundown, he could no longer see the beautiful countryside. His rate of looking out the window decreased dramatically. Sundown delivered a natural procedure for Fritz's looking out the window called __________.
extinction
Martha's son pinched her all the time, and she invariably asked him not to do it or told him it wasn't nice. Eventually, Martha stopped paying attention to the pinching, and it stopped. What behavioral procedure did she eventually use? __________
extinction
Mary interrupted Sally while she was with her friends all the time, and her friends paid attention to her interruptions rather than Sally's conversation. Sally finally talked them into ignoring Mary, however, and Mary's rate of interruptions decreased. What behavioral procedure does the group's ignoring Mary's interruptions illustrate? ___________
extinction
Pinkston and her colleagues (1973) instructed the preschool teacher to stop paying attention to Cain's aggressive behavior, which she did. Cain's aggressive behavior decreased. What behavioral procedure did the teacher use? __________
extinction
Professor Adams disrupted the faculty meetings with insane ideas. His colleagues argued vehemently with him. However, the chairman finally convinced them to simply ignore Adam. Soon, Adams wasn't disrupting meetings anymore. The faculty ignoring Adam's insane ideas is an example of what? ___________
extinction
Within six months of starting Happiness House, each member had stopped praising other members for cleaning the house. The result was that the amount of cleaning behavior drastically decreased for each member. This is an example of what behavioral procedure? __________
extinction
The temporary increase in a behavior after it has been put on extinction is called a(n) "__________."
extinction burst
Joyce started fixing her husband a fancy breakfast whenever he hung up his clothes. She noticed that he started hanging up his clothes most of the time after that. What behavioral procedure did Joyce use? __________
reinforcement
When Sam was young, he often came home and started talking with his father about his day at school. His father usually listened and asked questions. Sam started talking with his father more often as a result. What behavioral procedure Sam's father was using? __________
reinforcement
Angela spent little of her time with her classmates, so her fourth-grade teacher started complimenting her whenever she did spend time with them. Soon, Angela did spend a lot of time working on class projects with other children. One of the teacher's compliments would be an example of a(n) __________.
reinforcer
During the reversal condition, Pinkston and her colleagues (1973) instructed the preschool teachers to pay attention to Cain's aggressive behavior as they had during baseline. Cain's aggressive behavior once again increased. An instance of the teacher's attention is an example of a(n) __________.
reinforcer
One day Harry stroked Tabby softly, and the cat started to purr. Harry thereafter frequently stroked Tabby softly. Tabby's purr would be an example of a(n) __________
reinforcer
Dollie wanted Jim to light her cigarettes for her, so she started kissing him whenever he did light her cigarette. Pretty soon he was lighting it all the time. What behavioral procedure was she using? __________
reinforcerment
Extinction is defined as the delivery of an event following a behavior is [a], thereby producing a(n) [b] in the rate of that behavior.
stop, decrease
Ann thought it would be cute to teach her son to swear. So every time that he swore, she laughed and paid a lot of attention. Her son did not swear any more as a result. What behavioral procedure was Ann using? __________
unknown
Ben did a good job every week of vacuuming as long as the president asked him first. Ben's rate of vacuuming decreased dramatically when the president no longer asked him. The president's procedure is called __________.
unknown
Ben teased Jan about her weight a lot, and she usually protested. Jan decided that she would simply ignore all future teasings. She noticed that Ben's rate of teasing did not change. What behavioral procedure did Jan use? __________
unknown
Dan wanted Karen to smile more. On one day when she hadn't smiled at all, he worked up his nerve and said to her, " Karen, you have a beautiful smile; I sure would like it if you smiled more." To his delight, Karen smiled more. What behavioral procedure did he use to increase her rate of smiling? __________
unknown
For five weeks, Professor Johnson told his student to type their weekly take-home exam, and they did. He then forgot to tell them during the rest of the semester, and all of them no longer typed their exams. By forgetting to tell them, Professor Johnson inadvertently used what procedure? __________
unknown
If Pinkston and her colleagues (1973) had told the preschool teacher to tell Cain to "stop being aggressive" and he had stopped, what behavioral procedure would the teacher have been using?
unknown
If you tell someone to stop a behavior and the behavior decreases, you are using what behavioral procedure? __________
unknown
Jimmy's dad asked many questions when Jimmy complained about how bad life was. Later, Dad stopped asking questions, but Jimmy complained as much as before. What behavioral procedure was Dad using when he stopped asking questions? __________
unknown
John could be a star swimmer if he would only practice more. The coach had talked with him, praised him when he did swim many laps, but still John did not practice enough. Finally, the coach told him in no uncertain terms to practice. john's rate of practice increased dramatically. The coach's talk is an example of what behavioral concept? __________
unknown
Karen told John to stop using cocaine immediately. John never used cocaine again. John's change in behavior is an example of what behavioral procedure? __________
unknown
Lora asked silly questions that caused the professor to get mad. He tried ignoring the questions and found that Lora kept asking silly questions. Ignoring her questions is an example of what behavioral procedure? __________
unknown
Mimi asked Gary to help her remember to count calories. For a month, he reminded her. Then he stopped reminding her, and Mimi's rate of counting calories decreased. What behavioral procedure did Gary inadvertently use to produce the decrease? __________
unknown
Suppose that you have been in the habit of telling people to perform behavior A and they do it. If you now stop telling them to do it and they stop doing it, what behavioral procedure are you using? __________
unknown
