BI208 Chapter 23 Quiz
What is the most frequent cause of stomach ulcers and how are these ulcers treated?
Because most ulcers are caused by H. pylori bacteria, antibiotics are used to treat ulcers.
Categorize each trait based on which phase of gastric secretion it describes.
Cephalic Phase: stimulated by the thought of food, condition response, initiates HCL and pepsin secretion Gastric Phase: stimulated by stomach distention, secretion of gastrin Intestinal Phase: decreases gastric secretions, stimulated by presence of chyme in duodenum, involves in enterogastric reflex
Match each type of tooth with its appropriate function.
Cutting: incisors Tearing: Cuspid Grinding: premolars, molars
Match each term with its definition.
Digestion: The process of breaking down macromolecules into smaller unites that can be absorbed by the body Mechanical Breakdown: the physical digestion of food, primarily the oral cavity Absorption: the process of taking in nutrients from the digestive tract
Place the phases of swallowing in order, starting with food being placed in the mouth and ending with the bolus entering the stomach.
Food Ingestion Buccal Phase Pharyngeal Phase Esophageal Phase
Match each term with its definition.
Ingestion: the process of consuming food or drink Defecation: the process of eliminated solid waste products and residues of digestion Propulsion: the movement of food or chyme through digestive tract
How do microvilli impact nutrient absorption in the small intestine?
Microvilli provide a large surface area through which many nutrients can be absorbed as they pass through the small intestine.
Place the organs that are part of the gastrointestinal tract (alimentary canal) in order from mouth to anus. Not all answer choices will be placed.
Mouth pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine anus
Match each description to the corresponding layer of the alimentary canal.
Mucosa: consists of specialized epithelial cells, glands, and smooth muscle Serosa: layer of connective tissue that covers abdominal organs Submucosa: consists of dense connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves
Match each function with the appropriate gastric cell type.
Mucous Neck Cells: protect against acid erosion Parietal Cells: secrete hydrochloric acid Chief Cells: secrete pepsinogen Enteroendocrine Cells: regulate gastric gland secretion
Match each description with the appropriate salivary gland secretion.
Musus: binds and lubricates the food bolus Lysozyme: enzyme that kills bacteria Lingual Lipase: enzyme that begins fat digestion in the mouth
Match each enzyme function with the corresponding pancreatic enzyme.
Pancreatic amylase: breaks down starch into oligosaccharides and disaccharides Pancreatic Lipase: breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides Ribonuclease: breaks down RNA into nucleotides
Match each function with the appropriate gastric secretion.
Pepsin: enzyme that digests dietary protein Gastric Lipase: enzyme that digests dietary fat Intrinsic Factor: glyprotein essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 Hydrochloric Acid: activates digestive enzymes
Match each description with the appropriate term.
Peristalsis: contractions that move chyme along the small intestine during digestion Segmentation: contractions that split and mix chyme being digest in the small intestine Migrating motor complex: contractions between meals that move residual chyme from the intestine
Select the chemical that converts chymotrypsinogen into chymotrypsin.
Trypsin
Which process is an example of mechanical processing?
chewing food into smaller pieces
Which are characteristics of the peritoneum?
covers visceral organs secretes serous fluid into a narrow cavity made of two layers of serous membrane
Choose the correct term for the first set of teeth an infant develops.
deciduous teeth
Which of the actions are beneficial functions of bacteria in the large intestine?
digest carbohydrates synthesize vitamins A and K
Identify the factors that directly control digestive processes.
endocrine signals enteric neural input autonomic neural input
Select the enzymes that can convert trypsinogen into trypsin.
enteropeptidase trypsin
Diarrhea is the result of
excess peristaltic contractions.
Which muscle is directly involved in defecation and is under voluntary control?
external anal sphincter
Select the cause of heartburn.
failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to completely close, allowing stomach contents to enter the esophagus
Constipation occurs because of
insufficient peristaltic contractions.
Within which layer of the alimentary canal is the myenteric nerve plexus located?
muscularis externa
What is the digestive function of the liver?
production of bile
What is the function of the pharynx?
provides a passageway for food and air
What is the function of the mesenteries?
route blood, lymph, and nerves to the digestive organs hold the digestive organs in place
Which of the following factors stimulate digestive processes?
sight of food pH of digestive tract
What is the function of a lacteal?
take up dietary lipids into the lymphatic system
Which of the statements describes the alimentary canal?
the passageway through which food travels, beginning at the mouth and ending at the anus
What is the function of the hepatic portal circulation?
transports deoxygenated, nutrient‑rich blood to the liver, which processes blood contents
