Bio 1101: Unit 3- Endocrine System Quiz

How many hormones are produced by the anterior pituitary gland?

6

This hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland causes water to be returned to the blood rather than being lost in the urine. In other words, it "saves water". ADH Oxytocin TSH Prolactin

ADH

The roles of testosterone include:

All of the above

This hypothalamic hormone causes the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland: TRH CRH GnRH GHRH

CRH

Which hormone from the thyroid gland acts to strengthen bones as it causes calcium deposition into the bone, resulting in a decrease in blood calcium levels:

Calcitonin

The "fight or flight" hormone, which works in a manner similar to the sympathetic nervous system: epinephrine cortisol calcitonin thyroxine

Epinephrine

These 2 hormones from the anterior pituitary gland, influences the gonads (ovaries and testes) to cause the production of sperm and egg and also reproductive hormones:

FSH & LH

A specific hormone will influence every cell in the body. True, or false?

False

If my thyroid becomes less active as I age, I'll tend to: lose weight gain weight maintain constant weight

Gain weight

Growth of bones and muscles is controlled by:

HGH

These types of chemical messengers are carried by the blood to a distant site where they will exert their action. They work by first binding to the receptors on target cells. neurotransmitters autocrine chemicals paracrine chemicals hormones

Hormones

As long as health comes with ____ ____ at the end, I am in!

Ice cream

The pancreas which releases hormones to control blood sugar levels and also enzymes to aid in digestion is known as a(n) ________ gland.

Mixed

This hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland causes contractions of the uterus during childbirth and menstruation: ADH Oxytocin ACTH TSH

Oxytocin

Oxytocin causes:

Release of milk

This hormone from the hypothalamus causes the anterior pituitary gland to release TSH: CRH TRH GnRH GHRH

TRH

This trophic hormone from the anterior pituitary gland causes the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormone:

TSH

Which 2 glands release hormones that are involved in maintaining calcium homeostasis?

Thyroid and Parathyroid

Both hormones of the endocrine system and neurotransmitters of the nervous system communicate messages throughout the body to maintain homeostasis. True, or false?

True

Calcium is needed for proper nerve and muscle function, as well as for strong bones. True, or false?

True

Parathyroid hormone works at the bones, kidneys, and intestines to raise blood calcium levels. True, or false?

True

Some hormones help regulate calcium balance. True, or false?

True

Some hormones released by the hypothalamus (like CRH or TRH) will tell the anterior pituitary gland to release its hormones. True, or false

True

Some hormones released by the hypothalamus (like somatostatin or dopamine) will prevent the production of anterior pituitary hormones. True, or false?

True

Some hormones, like ADH and aldosterone, help regulate blood pressure. True, or false?

True

The adrenal gland has an inner region called the medulla and an outer region called the cortex, and both regions secrete hormones. True, or false?

True

The adrenal glands are found superior to the kidneys. True, or false?

True

The effects of the endocrine system are longer lasting than the effects of the nervous system. True, or false?

True

The gonads, or ovaries in the female and testes in the male, are endocrine organs, they produce hormones in addition to eggs and sperm. True, or false?

True

The hypothalamus quickly controls the anterior pituitary gland through hormones released into the hypothalamo-pituitary portal vessels. True False

True

The pancreas is a mixed gland, having both endocrine and exocrine functions. True, or false?

True

The posterior pituitary gland, also known as the neurohypophysis, stores and releases 2 hormones which are produced by the hypothalamus. True, or false?

True

The thyroid gland produces hormones that control our metabolic rate. True, or false?

True

We have hormones that help regulate glucose (sugar) balance. True, or false?

True

Disorder in which decreased insulin levels, often due to autoimmune destruction of the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance in a characteristic of this disorder: Hypoglycemia Type II Diabetes Mellitus Type I Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Insipidus

Type II Diabetes Mellitus

ADH has another name because it also causes vasoconstriction, which acts to raise blood pressure. The other name for ADH is:

Vasopressin

The hormone from the adrenal cortex that "saves Na+ and loses K+", resulting in increased blood Na+ and decreased blood K+ levels: epinephrine cortisol aldosterone calcitonin

aldosterone

Having a salty treat can make you feel bloated because: the water tries to balance all the salt we just put in our body you retain the water until the salt can be removed the salt and water is put back in balance by the hormones, aldosterone and ADH all of the above

all of the above

Ok ladies, oxytocin stimulates contractions in the uterine myometrium causing monthly cramps as the inner uterine lining is shed menstruation contractions of labor for giving birth all of the above

all of the above

We hear a lot about Diabetes Mellitus, but why is sugar so bad for our bodies when we have too much blood vessels linings get irritated blood vessels walls thicken blood flow is decreased. all of the above can lead to heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure due to impaired blood flow

all of the above can lead to heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure due to impaired blood flow

We hear a lot about Diabetes Mellitus, but why is sugar so bad for our bodies when we have too much?

all of the above can lead to heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure due to impaired blood flow

This chemical signal influences the cell that released it: autocrine paracrine hormone neurotransmitter

autocrine

Choose the best match: FSH, viable egg LH, release egg both a & b neither a nor b

both a & b

This hormone from the thyroid gland acts to strengthen bones as it causes calcium deposition into bone, resulting in a decrease in blood calcium levels:

calcitonin

Which hormone acts to lower blood calcium levels by causing calcium to be deposited into bones? epinephrine parathyroid hormone calcitonin cortisol

calcitonin

This hormone is secreted by the adrenal cortex in response to chronic, long-term stress. It acts to increase blood sugar levels and decrease the inflammatory response: epinephrine cortisol calcitonin aldosterone

cortisol

This hormone from the hypothalamus prevents the production of prolactin by the anterior pituitary gland: somatostatin dopamine GnRH TRH

dopamine

Where may a receptor for a hormone be found? on the cell membrane of the target cell on the cell membrane of the target cell inside the target cell either a or b above

either a or b above

This type of gland releases hormones into the blood and do NOT have ducts:

endocrine

The follicle cells of the ovary produce this hormone: progesterone testosterone estrogen epinephrine

estrogen

This type of gland releases a secretion into a duct. An example would be the salivary glands: endocrine exocrine

exocrine

Which of the following is NOT a result of estrogen's action? maturation of the female reproductive tract fat deposition in the subcutaneous layer of skin fat deposition in the breasts, hips, and buttocks formation of the lactiferous glands of the breast

formation of the lactiferous glands of the breast

Which of the following hormones is released from the alpha cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas and acts to raise blood glucose levels?

glucagon

You forgot to eat breakfast, what hormone comes to your rescue to give you sugar for ATP stores until lunch time?

glucagon

The chemicals used by the endocrine system are known as: neurotransmitters hormones

hormones

These types of chemical messengers are carried by the blood to a distant site where they will exert their action. They work by first binding to the receptors on target cells.

hormones

Low blood glucose is known as:

hypoglycemia

Match the correct pair of events:

increased growth, increased appetite

This hormone from the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas acts to lower blood glucose levels: glucagon insulin epinephrine cortisol

insulin

Which glucose regulating hormone is released shortly after a meal, when blood glucose levels start to rise? glucagon insulin cortisol calcitonin

insulin

____ ____ _____ causes the salivary glands to release loads of saliva into my mouth readying me for sour food. lemon drop candy jolly rancher candy sweet tarts candy Hershey kisses candy

jolly rancher candy

Releasing hormones produced by the hypothalamus are like _____ which are actually good for regulation of the hormone levels. ice cream neurotransmitters middle-men

middle-men

Oxytocin has 2 actions. One is to cause contractions of the uterus and the other is to cause:

milk release from the breasts

The pancreas, which releases hormones to control blood sugar levels and also enzymes to aid in digestion, is known as a(n) _____ gland. endocrine dual exocrine mixed

mixed

This type of gland may have endocrine and exocrine functions: Dual gland Mixed gland

mixed gland

The chemicals used by the nervous system to quickly carry messages are known as:

neurotransmitters

Of the 6 hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland, four of them are trophic hormones. This means they influence: other endocrine glands growth of bones and muscle lactation the hypothalamus

other endocrine glands

This chemical signal influences nearby cells: autocrine paracrine hormone neurotransmitter

paracrine

Which hormone acts to raise blood calcium levels by causing calcium to be removed from bones, increasing calcium absorption and reabsorption? calcitonin parathyroid hormone cortisol aldosterone

parathyroid hormone

The gonads:

produce the egg and sperm for reproduction

The hormone produced by the corpus luteum that is necessary for maintaining a pregnancy is: estrogen progesterone testosterone epinephrine

progesterone

This hormone from the anterior pituitary gland causes milk production: growth hormone prolactin oxytocin ACTH

prolactin

Hormones influence their target cells. A target cell for a hormone has _____ to which that hormone can bind.

receptors

The hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that increases BMR as it influences the metabolic rate of cells: calcitonin thyroxine aldosterone epinephrine

thyroxine

Calcium is good for us but too much is harmful. If your body can't regulate too much calcium, what happens to muscle contraction? less muscle contraction and tone too much contraction which could prove fatal if the heart muscle "freezes" in permanent contraction very little

too much contraction which could prove fatal if the heart muscle "freezes" in permanent contraction

We eat a meal rich in yummy carbohydrates. The following occurs in our body:

we increase glucose uptake into our cells