Bio 140 Nutrition Chapter 14, 1, 2

) The Daily Value amounts listed in the Nutrition Facts panel are based on a _____ calorie diet. a) 1500 b) 1800 c) 2000 d) 2500

2000

If you ate the entire box, how many calories from fat would you have consumed?

220

) It is estimated that over ____ percent of America's food goes to waste each year. a) 10 b) 15 c) 20 d) 25

25

The World Health Organization recommends that infants be exclusively breast fed for the first ____ months of life.

6

Which nutrient intake recommendation is used as a goal when a Recommended Dietary Allowance does not exist? a) Adequate Intake b) Estimated Average Requirement c) Estimated Energy Requirement d) Tolerable Upper Intake Level

Adequate Intake

Which of the following groups of individuals is(are) recommended to consume less than 1500 mg of sodium daily? a) Adults 51 and older b) African Americans c) Those with diabetes and/or hypertension d) All of these individuals are advised to consume less than 1500 mg/daily.

All of these

Nutrition recommendations are developed to: a) address the nutritional concerns of the population. b) evaluate the nutrient intake of populations. c) help individuals meet their specific nutrient needs. d) All of these are true.

All of these are true

Which of the following is not a component of the DASH diet? a) Consuming plenty of whole grains, nuts and seeds. b) Consuming full-fat dairy products. c) Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables. d) Increasing foods rich in calcium and magnesium

Consuming full-fat dairy products

In some cultures, the amount of food available to certain individuals is based on a) age and gender. b) birth order and genetic endowments. c) educational level and control of income. d) Each of these could contribute to the amount of food available to family members.

Each of these could contribute to the amount of food available to family members.

Nutrient content and health claims are approved by the: a) FDA. b) food manufacturer. c) USDA. d) US Department of Public Health.

FDA

Which of the following is FALSE regarding goiter? a) Goiter is caused by an iodine deficiency. b) Iodine deficiency in children and adults is associated with apathy and decreased initiative. c) Children with iodine deficiency have lowered IQs. d) Goiter is only seen in adults.

Goiter is only seen in adults.

The ____ provides free congregate meals in churches, schools, and senior centers. a) Child and Adult Care Food Program b) National School Lunch Program c) Nutrition Program for the Elderly d) Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Nutrition Program for the Elderly

_______ describes the changes in diet, physical activity, health, and nutrition that occur as less developed countries become more prosperous.

Nutrition transition

Based on the research depicted in the bar graph, which of the following statements is true?

Overweight is more of a problem in developed countries as compared to developing countries.

Which of the following statements about proteins is false? a) Dietary protein from animal sources better matches the amino acid needs of humans compared to dietary protein derived from plants sources. b) Proteins are composed of amino acids. c) Proteins are made of amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. d) Proteins differ based on the combinations of amino acids used in each type of protein.

Proteins are made of amino acids, vitamins, and minerals.

The DRI that is most commonly used to determine the nutritional value of individual diets are the: a) Adequate Intakes. b) Estimated Average Requirements. c) Recommended Dietary Allowances. d) Tolerable Upper Intake Levels.

Recommended Dietary Allowances

Of the following, who is least likely to be at risk for undernutrition?

Sophia, a 20 year old female college student

Several nutrient deficiencies have recently re-emerged as problems throughout the world, including the following deficiency diseases: beri beri, scurvy, and pellagra. Which nutrients, in the order that matches the deficiency diseases listed, are responsible for these diseases?

Thiamin, vitamin C, niacin

In 1894, the first dietary recommendations in the US were published by the _____. The purpose of these recommendations was to _____. a) FDA, keep Americans healthy b) FDA, show Americans what a balance diet looked like c) USDA, keep Americans healthy d) USDA, show Americans what a balanced diet looked like

USDA, keep americans healthy

Golden rice is a genetically modified variety of rice developed to provide _______ to populations in which this deficiency is prevalent. a) calcium b) iodine c) iron d) vitamin A

Vitamin A

Which of the following statements about fortified foods is false? a) Fortification of foods began to help eliminate nutrient deficiencies in the population. b) Milk with added vitamin D is an example of food fortification. c) Voluntary food fortification may increase the likelihood of consuming an excess of some nutrients. d) Voluntary fortification of foods is at the discretion of the federal government

Voluntary fortification of foods is at the discretion of the federal government

Increased knowledge and availability of contraceptives is linked to _____ in birth rate in developing countries.

a decrease

Programs that foster economic development and ensure access to food, shelter, and medical care have been shown to cause _____ in birth rates. a) a decrease b) an increase c) no change

a decrease

Discretionary calories come from: a) alcohol and added sugars. b) added sugars and solid fats. c) alcohol and solid fats. d) Alcohol, added sugars, and solid fats.

alcohol, added sugars ,and solid fats

For any nutrition study to provide reliable information, it must a) be interpreted accurately. b) collect quantifiable data from the right experimental population. c) use proper experimental controls. d) All of these are essential.

all of these are essential

In nutrition, the scientific method is used to a) develop nutrient recommendations. b) learn about the role of nutrition in promoting health and preventing disease. c) understand the functions of nutrients. d) all of these choices.

all of these choices

The term "calorie" is used in nutrition to mean the a) amount of energy a food item provides when eaten. b) amount of fat a food item contains. c) heat contained within a food item. d) total nutrient content of a food item

amount of energy a food item provides when eaten

All of the following are nutrient-dense protein sources EXCEPT: a) almonds. b) bananas. c) black beans. d) sunflower seeds

bananas

The unit of measure that is used in nutrition science that expresses the amount of energy provided by a food is a(n): a) calorie. b) nutrient. c) nutrient-dense food. d) unit of glucose.

calorie

According to the AMDR, the majority of calories you eat should come from: a) carbohydrates. b) fat. c) protein. d) vitamins.

carbohydrates

The observations and hypotheses that arise from epidemiology can be tested using a) clinical trials. b) control group design. c) experimental group design. d) the peer review process

clinical trials

The _____ is a reference value for the intake of nutrients used on the food label. a) Adequate Intake b) Daily Value c) Estimated Average Requirement d) Recommended Dietary Allowance

daily value

Some nutrient deficiencies occur quickly, whereas others take more time to develop. Which of the following nutrient deficiencies are listed in the order reflecting most quickly to least quickly? a) Scurvy, dehydration, osteoporosis b) Osteoporosis, dehydration, scurvy c) Dehydration, scurvy, osteoporosis

dehydration, scruvy, osteoporosis

Which of the following is promoted by the Mediterranean Eating Pattern? a) Eating poultry and eggs daily. b) Consuming full-fat dairy products frequently. c) Eating red meat and sweets less often. d) Limiting consumption of nuts and seeds.

eating red meats and sweets less often

The first goal of the United Nations Millennium Summit is to a) end poverty and hunger. b) improve child health. c) improve environmental sustainability. d) improve maternal health.

end poverty and hunger

Foods that have health-promoting and/or diseasepreventing properties beyond basic nutritional functions are called a) essential foods. b) fortified foods. c) functional foods. d) phytochemicals

functional foods

If Joe consumed 2500 calories daily, he would need to consume ____ the %DV listed in the Nutrition Facts panel. a) greater than b) less than c) the same as

greater than

A _____ claim refers to a relationship between a nutrient, food, or dietary supplement and a reduced risk of a disease. a) Dietary b) Health c) Nutrient content d) Structure/function

health

) A lack of iron reduces the amount of _____ produced, and thus lowers the blood's ability to deliver oxygen. a) hemoglobin b) fat c) xerophthalmia d) vitamin A

hemoglobin

All of the following are advantages of organic farming as compared to conventional farming EXCEPT: a) fewer pollutants are released into the environment. b) higher crop yields. c) increased biological diversity of crops. d) reduced use of agricultural chemicals.

higher crop yields

Goiter, as seen here, is a caused by an _____ deficiency

iodine

) Many countries have adopted programs to supplement children older than 6 months and pregnant women with a) calcium. b) iodine. c) iron. d) vitamin B12.

iron

A registered dietitian is a nutrition professional who a) has earned at least a bachelor degree in a nutritionrelated field. b) has met national certification requirements to provide nutrition education. c) is an excellent source of credible nutrition information. d) a registered dietitian is all of these.

is all of these

) The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children targets children up to how many years of age? a) Less than 2 b) Less than 5 c) Less than 10 d) Less than 12

less than 5

Income level in the United States is directly correlated with

level of education of the primary wage earner.

All of the following are effects of nutrition transition EXCEPT a) life expectancy declines. b) rates of nutrient deficiencies decrease. c) rates of heart disease increase. d) there is an increased reliance on animal protein as a dietary food source.

life expectancy declines.

Gram per gram, ______ provide the most kcalories. a) carbohydrates b) lipids c) proteins

lipids

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, maintaining a healthy body weight is emphasized by: a) following a diet that provides fewer than 120 grams of carbohydrate daily. b) following a diet with less than 10% of total calories from fat. c) increasing protein intake. d) moderating calorie intake.

moderating calorie intake

Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of ______ resources.

non-renewable

Which of the following is the best definition of essential nutrients? a) Nutrients a person must consume to build muscle b) Nutrients a person must consume in the diet to maintain health c) Nutrients that should be taken as supplements d) Nutrients that are provided by animal foods only

nutrients a person must consume in the diet to maintain health

The top three causes of death in the US include stroke, cancer, and heart disease. All of these conditions are thought to be exacerbated (made worse) by a) lack of sleep. b) low intake of phytochemicals. c) obesity

obesity

Which of the following is NOT considered to be a source of empty calories? a) Donuts and other pastries b) Soft drinks and candy c) Table sugar and butter d) Oils

oils

All of the following statements are true regarding components of a nutrition study that provides reliable information except that a) proper experimental controls should be used. b) personal testimonials are appropriate type of data to collect. c) the data must be interpreted accurately.

personal testimonials are appropriate type of data to collect.

The main cause of food insecurity in the United States is

poverty

Structure/function claims are: a) approved by the FDA. b) allowed on all food and supplement labels. c) required to include a disclaimer that the product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. d) the same as health and nutrient claims.

required to include a disclaimer that the product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Deficiency of _____ has been found in China, New Zealand, and the Russian Federation where soil content is low

selenium

Which of the following statements regarding phytochemicals is true? a) They are essential for life. b) They are always harmful to our health. c) They are found in plant foods. d) They contribute to the calories that we eat in our diet.

they are found in plant foods

An agricultural shift to increased production of cash crops has the following effects EXCEPT: a) a greater proportion of local resources are used to produce crops for export. b) this change will have little impact on availability of food for the local population. c) the country's cash flow improves. d) there is a danger that less land remains for subsistence crops.

this change will have little impact on availability of food for the local population

As intake rises above the UL, the likelihood of _____ increases. a) deficiency b) normalcy c) toxicity d) nutrient density

toxicity

Xerophthalmia, as shown in this visual, is a leading cause of preventable blindness due to a deficiency of

vitamin A

To decrease your chance of getting a food-borne illness, you should: a) cut your fresh produce and raw meat on the same cutting board to limit waste. b) eat your fresh fruits and vegetables without washing them first to preserve the nutritional value. c) order your steaks rare to medium-well in doneness. d) wash your hands frequently.

wash your hands frequently