bio 155 exam 5
Which cell type, when stimulated, will divide and differentiate into cells that produce and secrete antibodies?
B lymphocytes
A child is born with sickle cell disease. Both parents of the child show malarial resistance. What are the genotypes of the father and mother?
Both parents are carriers of the sickle cell trait and are heterozygous for the HbS allele (HbA /HbS).
The development of follicles and oocytes is stimulated primarily by _____, whereas ovulation is triggered by _____.
FSH; LH
Which of the following infectious agents is associated with the development of cervical cancer?
Human papilloma virus (HPV)
Which of the following infectious agents is associated with the development of cervical cancer?
Human papilloma virus HPV
Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the spleen?
Red pulp of the spleen removes microorganisms.
Which immune system cell must be presented with antigen by an antigen-presenting cell such as a macrophage, in order to become appropriately activated?
T lymphocyte
During a bacterial infection, the human body usually responds by having an elevated body temperature or a fever. Most over-the-counter cold medications indicate that they contain a fever suppressant. Why is this not always a good treatment for an infection?
The elevated body temperature creates a less hospitable environment for the bacteria,
Which one of the following is correct regarding the structure of an antibody?
The four polypeptide chains that make up an antibody molecule are linked by disulfide bonds.
The thymus produces two peptides that function to:
aid in the maturation of T lymphocytes
Variations of homologous genes that result in differences in structure and function are:
alleles
All of the following represent physical and/or chemical barriers that form the body's first line of defense against pathogens EXCEPT which one?
antibodies
Antibiotics kill bacterial cells but do not (usually) damage human cells by taking advantage of the difference between human and bacterial cells. These differences include:
bacterial cells have cell walls, human cells do not.
Once a prion enters a nerve cell, it essentially:
becomes self-propagating, causing misfolding of nearby normal proteins.
Which of the following STDs is caused by a bacteria?
chlamydia
The ultimate goal of the male reproductive system is to:
deliver sperm into the female's reproductive system.
The lining of the uterus that is built up and then disintegrates every menstrual cycle is the _____.
endometrium
Hormonal forms of contraception contain synthetic forms of _____.
estrogen and progesterone
A person with one copy of the sickle-cell gene has the disease. True or False?
false
All contraceptive techniques protect against pregnancy as well as sexually transmitted diseases. t/f
false
Histamine is released by neutrophils to induce an inflammation response when tissues become damaged. t/f
false
Nonsteroid hormones cause the production of ATP from cAMP. t/f
false
The OCA2 gene is switched ON in the iris of individuals that have blue eyes. t/f
false
The alpha, beta, and delta cells located in the islets of Langerhans of the thyroid produce three different hormones that are important in the regulation of sodium and potassium levels of the blood. t/f
false
Which one of the following hormone pairs is antagonistic, in that they have opposing effects?
glucagon, insulin
All of the following may result from untreated diabetes mellitus EXCEPT which one?
increased susceptibility to cancer
An example of our second line of defense against microorganisms is _____.
inflammation
Which one of the following is required in the diet in order for active thyroid hormones to be produced?
iodine
Transports lymph in the body:
lymphatic vessel
The cell division process that results in the production of haploid gametes (sperm and eggs) is _____.
meiosis
The hypothalamus directly controls which other gland in the body?
pituitary
Which of the following infectious agents is composed entirely and exclusively of protein?
prion
Cortisol is a glucocorticoid that helps maintain blood glucose levels during fasting by:
promoting fat utilization.
The Sickle-cell trait produced when an individual is heterozygous for the HbS allele (HbA HbS) results in:
resistance to malaria
The structure that never has sperm in it is the _____.
seminal vesicles
Sperm are produced in the _____.
seminiferous tubules
Hormones act upon specific target tissues because:
target tissues display the appropriate receptor for a particular hormone.
A genetic alteration observed with high frequency in a group that is or was geographically or culturally isolated, in which one or more of the ancestors was a carrier of an altered gene, due to mutation. t/f
true
Disorders associated with the endocrine system can be caused by problems with hormone production or lack of receptors for the hormones on the target cells. t/f
true
Fever is a natural part of our body's defenses against microorganisms, especially bacteria. t/f
true
The sickle cell gene mutation results in aggregation of Hb (hemoglobin) in low O2 leading to fragile, aggregated RBCs and bending of RBC into crescent shapes. t/f
true
True or False?Endocrine glands produce hormones that are carried in the blood and help regulate body functions.
true
Variation in the color of the eyes from brown to green can all be explained by the amount of melanin in the iris. t/f
true
A fertilized egg must embed in which one of the following organs for pregnancy to occur?
uterus
