Bio 202 Lecture exam 5
An increase in system blood pressure would: a. cause afferent arteriole constriction b. cause afferent arteriole dilation c. none of the above
a. cause afferent arteriole constriction
In passive reabsorption: a. no energy is needed b. energy is needed c. both of the above d. none
a. no energy is needed
Electrolytes: a. have higher osmolarity power than non electrolytes b. are electrically charged c. dissociate into cations and anions d. all of the above
d. all of the above
This arteriole brings blood into the glomerulus a. afferent b. efferent c. renal vein d. crispy creme donuts
a. afferent
Organs repair themselves through a process of? a. Meiosis b. Mitosis c. Cellular differentiation d. Transformation
b. Mitosis
Potassium is: a. the major ECF cation b. the major ICF cation c. is good on popcorn d. none
b. the major ICF cation
The descending loop of Henle is impermeable to water True or False
False
An acid is a substance that will donate H+ when placed in water. True or False
True
Hypotonic hydration is a result of renal insufficiency, or intake of an excessive amount of water very quickly. True or False
True
The two types of nephrons are cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons True or False
True
Sodium: a. is the most important electrolyte for water balance. b. is not as important as K+ for water balance. c. reabsorption can be regulated by both ADH and aldosterone d. both A and C
a. is the most important electrolyte for water balance.
Place the following in correct order of urine pathway. (1) urethra (2) renal capsule (3) loop of Henle (4) ureter (5) proximal convoluted tubule (6) distal convoluted tubule (7) collecting tubule: a. 2,3,4,5,6,7,1 b. 2,5,3,6,7,4,1 c. 2,5,4,1,7,6,3 d. 5,2,1,3,7,1,4
b. 2,5,3,6,7,4,1
Aldesterone: a. is a hormone secreted by the hypothalamus b. is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex c. is a hormone responsible for lowering blood pressure d. both B and C
b. is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex
Bicarbonate: a. is part of the body's physiological buffering system b. is part of the body's chemical buffering system c. Co-stimulate B cells and CD8 cells d. A and C
b. is part of the body's chemical buffering system
Which cellular organelle contains enzymes that are considered digestive? a. golgi apparatus b. lysosomes c. nucleus d. ribosomes
b. lysosomes
High glomerular filtration rate is: a. sensed by periphery receptors in the brain b. sensed by densa cells that secrete vasoconstrictors c. sensed by vasa recta cells d. sensed by densa cells that secrete vasodilators
b. sensed by densa cells that secrete vasoconstrictors
Anuric is a medical condition in which the patient produces very little urine. Based on these which of the following best describes a possible mechanism responsible for this: a. the colloid osmotic pressure = 30; the glomerular hydrostatic pressure = 50; the capsule hydrostatic pressure = 10 mm Hg b. the colloid osmotic pressure = 30; the glomerular hydrostatic pressure = 50; the capsule hydrostatic pressure = 30 mm Hg c. high systemic BP d. all of the above
b. the colloid osmotic pressure = 30; the glomerular hydrostatic pressure = 50; the capsule hydrostatic pressure = 30 mm Hg
When large amounts of pure water are consumed: a. the volume of the ECF will remain unchanged b. the volume of ICF will be increased due to osmosis c. osmolarities of the two compartments will be lowered d. the ECF becomes hypertonic to the ICF
b. the volume of ICF will be increased due to osmosis
Water will move: a. towards the hypotonic region b. towards the hypertonic region c. towards the region with low osmolality d. none of the above
b. towards the hypertonic region
The result of a strong base and the potassium buffering system: a. would result in a strong acid and water b. would result in a weak base and water c. would result in a weak base and a salt d. would result in a strong acid and a salt
b. would result in a weak base and water
When the chromosomes line up in mitosis this is known as which phase? a. telophase b. anaphase c. metaphase d. prophase
c. metaphase
ICF: a. contains high levels of sodium and chloride ions b. movement is independent of osmotic pressures c. movement is dependent on hydrostatic pressures d. both B and C
c. movement is dependent on hydrostatic pressures
A drug that inhibits aldosterone would: a. result in increased blood pressure b. result in increased sodium reabsorption c. result in dilute urine d. none
c. result in dilute urine
A substance that maintains the pH of a system at a certain level: a. is a buffer b. is not a buffer c. is definitely a buffer d. A and C
d. A and C
High plasma osmolality would trigger: a. thirst mechanism b. production of diluted urine c. release of ADH d. A and C
d. A and C
If the sodium/potassium ATPase pumps within the ascending loop of Henle were inhibited from opening: a. then the result would be high urine volume b. then the result would be dilute urine c. then the result could be low pressure d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Sources of body water are: a. ingested food b. ingested fluids and metabolic water c. assorted cocktail beverages d. all of the above
d. all of the above
A strong base: a. will donate H+ when placed in water b. will increase the pH when placed in solution c. will accept H+ when placed in water d. both B and C
d. both B and C
Which of the following statements about enzymes is not true? a. enzymes are catalysts b. almost all enzymes are proteins c. enzymes operate most efficiently at optimum pH d. enzymes are destroyed during chemical reactions
d. enzymes are destroyed during chemical reactions
Neurons connect together at a: a. synergy b. terminal site c. docking station d. synapse
d. synapse
Decreasing ECF Na+ concentrations: a. would increase ECF osmolality b. would stimulate ANP release c. would increase ECF fluid volume d. would stimulate aldosterone release
d. would stimulate aldosterone release
Atrial natriuretic peptide: a. is released by the heart b. inhibits aldosterone activity c. reduces thirst d. decreases ADH activity e. all of the above
e. all of the above