Bio 227 LS 6

migration of a keratinocyte from the stratum basale to the stratum corneum takes about ____ weeks.. The dead keratinized cells usually remain in the exposed stratum corneum layer for an additional ____ weeks. Overall, keratinocytes are present for about ____ month following their formation

2, 2, 1

healing of second degree burns take approximately ___ weeks, and slight scarring may occur

2-4 weeks

keratinocytes of the epidermis are usually present for about ___ weeks

4

Match the letter with the structure or layer of the dermis

A: reticular layer B: dermal papillae C: papillary layer D: epidermis E: dermis

scientifically, thinning of the hair on the scalp is called

alopecia

the subcutaneous layer or hypodermis is made up of two types

areolar, adipose connective tissue

what are functions of the skin

barrier to water loss, heat regulation

In the development of embryonic skin, the ___ layer gives rise to the epidermis and the ___ gives rise to the dermis

basal, mesenchyme

in the second step of wound healing, a ___ forms

blood clot

a hemangioma is a congenital anomaly that results in skin discoloration due to ___ that proliferate and form a benign tumor

blood vessels

____ hemangiomas or 'strawberry-colored birthmarks' appear in the skin as bright red to deep purple nodules that usually disappear in childhood

capillary

in the first step of wound healing, blood brings ___ proteins, numerous white blood cells, and antibodies to the site

clotting

lines of cleavage in the skin relate to the predominant orientation of ___ fiber bundles

collagen

three main variations in the epidermis

colorations, skin markings, thickness

in thick skin, the layers of epidermis that contain dead keratinocytes are the stratum lucidum and stratum

corneum

people most likely to develop skin cancer are those with

fair skin

in what two ways are damaged skin tissues normally repaired

fibrosis and regeneration

friction ridges are used as forensic tools because they can leave noticeable prints on touched surfaces, commonly called

fingerprints

potential complications of a wound under repair include ____ loss and _____

fluid loss and infection

the vascular connective tissue that initially forms in a healing wound is called

granulation tissue

when skin has been damaged, which integumentary system components are not repaired

hair follicles, nerves, exocrine glands

the subcutaneous layer is also known as the ___ or superficial fascia

hypodermis

the most numerous cells of the epidermis are ____ and the protein they produce is called ____

keratinocytes, keratin

which organs are involved in making calcitrol, the active form of vitamin D

kidney, skin, liver

tactile cells are described best by which of the following

large epithelial cells also called merkel cells can be stimulated by light pressure can be stimulated by light touch

which organ are involved in making calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D

liver, kidney, skin

the color of hair is the result of

melanin production

a nevus is commonly referred to as a ____. it is a harmless, localized growth of _____ forming cells

mole, melanin

when skin has been damaged, which integumentary system components are not repaired

nerves, hair follicles, exocrine glands

during the process of keratinization, the cell's ___ and organelles of the cells disintegrate and the cells start to die

nucleus

the ___ layer of the dermis contains areolar connective tissues and dermal papillae

papillary

match the terms with their function

periderm: layer of cells covering the developing embryonic epithelium vernix caseous: waterproof protective covering composed of sebum and sloughed off cells mesenchyme: layer of embryonic cells that develop into the dermis

mammary glands only becomes functional in which of the following conditions

pregnant females lactating females

among the stimuli detected by the sensory receptors of the skin are ____

pressure, cold, vibration

match the structure of hair to their specific functions

protection: scalp hair covers the scalp and shields it from sunburn and injury Heat retention: blanket of thick hair on scalp Sensory reception: hair roo plexuses visual identification: color and density of hairs on scalp

the ___ layer of the dermis consists primarily of dense irregular connective tissue with large bundles of collagen fibers

reticular

the hair follicle is an oblique tube that surrounds the hair

root

terminal hair is the type of hair that grows on the ____

scalp

sebaceous glands are activated primarily by ___ during puberty in both sexes

sex hormones

epidermal dendritic cells are found in which of the following strata

spinosum and granulosum

epidermal dendritic cells are found in which of the following strata?

spinosum and granulosum

as a result of the aging process, hair follicles can actually ___ production of hairs

stop

skin is classified as either thick or thin based on two parameters: the number of epidermal ___ in the epidermis and the relative ___ of the epidermis rather than the thickness of the entire integement

strata, thickness

___ glands are also called sweat glands

sudoriferous

On many parts of the body, the components of the dermis include blood vessels, ___ glands, ___ glands, hair follicles, nail roots, sensory nerve endings, and smooth muscle tissues

sweat and sebaceous glands

major function of merocrine sweat gland is

thermoregulation

the major function of merocrine sweat glands is

thermoregulation

skin grafting is normally necessary for

third-degree burns

the release of water vapor from sweat glands when we are not sweating is a process called

transpiration

True or false: skin cancer can develop in people of any age

true