Bio 8.1 Short Answers

What happens during the process of photosynthesis?

In the process of photosynthesis, plants convert the energy of sunlight into chemical energy stored in the bonds of carbohydrates.

How does the structure of ATP make it an ideal energy source?

It can form and re-form the bonds between its phosphate groups easily.

Explain how ADP and ATP are both like a battery. Which one is "partially charged" and which one is "fully charged"?

ADP and ATP are both like batteries because they store energy in the chemical bonds they contain. ADP only has two phosphate groups, so it is like a partially charged battery. ATP has three phosphate groups so it is more like a fully charged and has more bonds available for energy storage.

What is ATP and what is its role in the cell?

ATP is the adenosine triphosphate, which consists of adenine, a 5-carbon sugar called Ribose, and 3 phosphate groups. ATP's job is to store and release energy by breaking and re-forming bonds between its phosphate groups.

Why are decomposers, such as mushrooms, considered heterotrophs and not autotrophs?

Decomposers eat by absorbing decomposing nutrients from organisms which fits into the description of a heterotroph.

How do heterotrophs obtain energy? How is it different from how autotrophs obtain energy?

Heterotrophs obtain energy by feeding on other living things. Autotrophs, unlike the heterotrophs, make their own food.

How does the process of photosynthesis impact both the flow of energy and the cycling of nutrients?

Photosynthesis provides the base for the one way flow of energy through the biosphere. Plants convert energy from the sun into sugars, which provide fuel for themselves and for other organisms. Photosynthesis also cycles carbon and oxygen nutrients through the biosphere.

What is the ultimate source of energy for foods?

Sun(light)