Bio Chapter 9 and 10

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

Chromosomes are duplicated during the _____ of the cell cycle.

S phase

Which photosynthetic unit consists of a pair of chlorophyll a molecules with an absorption peak of 700 nm?

Photosystem

By definition, substances that absorb visible light are called

Pigments

Which part of the chlorophyll molecule is responsible for absorbing light?

Porphyrin ring

Homologous chromosomes undergo synapsis.

Prophase I

In unwound chromatin, nucleosomes are organized into large coiled loops held together by

scaffolding proteins.

In a human cell at prophase I, there are ______ tetrads.

23

How many carbon fixation reactions make up the Calvin cycle?

3

Thylakoid membranes are involved in synthesis.

ATP

What happens in the second phase of the Calvin cycle?

ATP and NADPH are used to convert the PGA molecules to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Sister chromatids separate and chromosomes move to opposite poles.

Anaphase II

Which of the following is produced by meiosis?

Animal gametes

Which of the following are surrounded by fibrils that make up the pericentriolar material?

Centrioles

At a plant's light compensation point the rate of photosynthesis is greater than the rate of respiration.

False

Cyclic electron transport is different from noncyclic electron transport in that cyclic electron transport produces NADPH.

False

Enzymes required for DNA replication are synthesized during the G1 phase.

False

The photolysis of water occurs in conjunction with photosystem

False

Which type of electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength?

Gamma waves

_________ organized on chromosomes carry the information that controls the functions of the cell.

Genes

A group of thylakoid discs make up what part of the chloroplast?

Granum

What color does chlorophyll reflect?

Green

What are the reactants of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

H20, ADP, and NADP+

An electron absorbs a photon of light energy and becomes energized; the electron shifts from a atomic orbital to atomic orbital.

Lower energy; higher energy

A chlorophyll molecule has a porphyrin ring containing a single atom of

Magnesium

Tetrads line up at the cell equator.

Metaphase I

Which organism would be classified as a chemoautotroph?

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

What is not a hallmark of prophase?

Nuclear envelope is visible with the light microscope.

ATP synthesis during the light-dependent reactions occurs by which process?

Phosphorylation

Which process not only yields electrons that replenish photosystems I and II, but also is the source of almost all the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere?

Photolysis

The energy of a(n) is inversely proportional to its wavelength

Photon

_______ contain identical DNA sequences and are held together by ____ during mitosis.

Sister chromatids; cohesin proteins

In C3 plants, the are typically closed at night and open during the daytime to allow for gas exchange.

Stomata

What is the fluid-filled sac within the inner membrane of a chloroplast called?

Stroma

Nuclear envelope forms around single-stranded chromosomes.

Telophase II

A cell is dividing by binary fission. What can you conclude?

The cell is prokaryotic.

When is a cell in metaphase?

The chromosomes are aligned at the midplane of the cell

Chlorophyll and accessory photosynthetic pigments are associated with which part of the chloroplast?

Thylakoid membranes

An animal zygote is a haploid cell.

True

Bacteria divide asexually by mitosis.

True

CAM plants open their stomata at night, admitting CO2 while minimizing water loss.

True

Cell-eycle checkpoints temporarily block key events from being initiated during the cell cycle.

True

Homologous pairs of chromosomes separate during meiosis I.

True

In the cell cycle, DNA is replicated during the G2 phase.

True

Surrounding the grana is the thylakoid lumen.

True

The product of the Calvin cycle that is of greatest practical importance to the plant is carbohydrate.

True

What is the ultimate source of electrons for noncyclic electron transport, and thus photosynthesis?

Water

To prevent disastrous consequences, the eukaryotic cell cycle is controlled by

a series of cell cycle checkpoints

During prophase I, each chiasma represents

a site of crossing-over.

Cytokinesis in animal cells involves contraction of a ring of microfilaments.

actin plus myosin

Duplicated centrioles move to opposite poles of a dividing _____ cell during the_____ of the cell cycle.

animal; prophase

Cytokinesis in plant cells occurs via the formation of a(n)

cell plate

Eukaryotic chromosomes consist of

circular DNA molecules complexed with negatively charged histone proteins

What is the first step in the Calvin cycle?

co2 attaches to RuBP.

Plant hormones known as stimulate mitosis

cytokinins

Nucleosomes are best described as

eukaryotic DNA associated with histone proteins

When an electron returns to its ground state, energy will be released as heat or as an emission of light, known as

fluorescence

A cell in the G2 phase

has twice the amount of DNA present in a telophase nucleus.

ATP is formed when the thylakoid lumen.

hydrogen ions enter 6.hydrogen ions leave

The cell cycle of a typical somatic cell consists of the ______ and M phases.

interphase

The mitotic spindle is made of

microtubules.

Gametophyte plants produce gametes using

mitosis

haploid spores The is responsible for the separation of the chromosomes during the of mitosis,

mitotic spindle; anaphase

At the completion of oogenesis, ____ are produced.

one egg cell and three polar bodies

The function of nucleosomes is to

prevent DNA strands from tangling.

During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes lie side by side. This phenomenon is known as

tetrad formation.

Homologous chromosomes can be identified and/or characterized by

their similar and characteristic staining patterns


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