BIO CHp 9 test part 2
A man has extra digits (six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot). His wife and their daughter have the normal number of digits (five fingers on each hand and five toes on each foot.) Having extra digits is a dominant trait. The couple's second child has extra digits. What is the probability that their next (third) child will have extra digits? A) 1/2 B) 1/16 C) 1/8 D) 3/4
A
Assume that having three nostrils is inherited as a sex-linked trait on the Y chromosome. A man with three nostrils has a daughter who has a son with a man who has only two nostrils. What is the probability that the three-nostriled man's grandson has three nostrils? A) 0% B) 25% C) 50% D) 100%
A
Hypophosphatemia (vitamin D—resistant rickets) is inherited as a sex-linked dominant trait. The relevant gene is found on the X chromosome. What is the expected outcome of a cross between a homozygous recessive woman and a man with hypophosphatemia? A) All of their daughters and none of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia. B) Fifty percent of their daughters and fifty percent of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia. C) All of their sons and none of their daughters exhibit hypophosphatemia. D) Twenty-five percent of their offspring exhibit hypophosphatemia.
A
If a woman with type AB blood marries a man with type O blood, which of the following blood types could their children possibly have? A) A and B B) AB and O C) A, B, and O D) A, B, AB, and O
A
In order for a male to inherit a sex-linked (X-linked) disorder, he must receive the allele from: A) his mother only. B) his father only. C) either his mother or father. D) both his mother and father.
A
In the case of the ABO blood group, both alleles A (IA) and B ( IB) may be expressed as the phenotype. This demonstrates: A) codominance. B) incomplete dominance. C) polygenic inheritance. D) sex-linked inheritance.
A
The ABO blood group in humans is based on the presence of three alleles in the population: IA, IB and i. The four blood types, A, B, AB, and O, result from different combinations of the three alleles. A child has blood type B. The father is blood type A. The diploid genotype of the mother is _______. A) IBi B) IBIB C) IAIB D) A or B E) A, B or C
A
The ABO blood group in humans is based on the presence of three alleles in the population: IA, IB and i. The four blood types, A, B, AB, and O, result from different combinations of the three alleles. An individual with blood type AB reflects what type of interaction between these alleles? A) codominance B) pleiotropy C) complete dominant D) incomplete dominance
A
What is the key to the recognition of incomplete dominance? A) The phenotype of the heterozygote falls between the phenotypes of the homozygotes. B) The trait exhibits a continuous distribution. C) The alleles affect more than one trait. D) The heterozygote expresses the phenotype of both homozygotes
A
Which of the following individuals will inherit an X-linked allele from a man who carries it? A) all of his daughters B) half of his daughters C) all of his sons D) all of his children
A
A child is diagnosed with a recessively inherited disease. The parents are tested for the gene, and both are found to be heterozygous. The parents want to have another child. What is the probability that the second child will have the disease? A) 1/2 B) 1/4 C) 1/8 D) 1/16
B
A couple has two female children. What is the probability that their next child will be male? A) 25% B) 50% C) 33% D) 67%
B
A woman who has blood type A+ has a daughter who is type O+ and a son who is type B-. Which of the following phenotypes is possible for the father? A) A negative B) O negative C) B positive D) AB negative
B
Achondroplasia is the most common type of dwarfism. It is an inherited disorder caused by a dominant allele. The homozygous dominant genotype causes death, so individuals who have this condition are all heterozygotes. If a person with achondroplasia mates with a person who does not have achondroplasia, what percentage of their children would be expected to have achondroplasia? A) 0% B) 50% C) 75% D) 100%
B
An albino man and a homozygous normal pigmented woman marry and have four children. What is the phenotype of the children? A) 75% normal skin pigment and 25% albino B) 100% normal skin pigment C) 50% normal skin pigment and 50% albino D) 25% normal skin pigment and 75% albino E) 100% albino
B
An individual heterozygous for cystic fibrosis ________. A) cannot have children with cystic fibrosis B) is a carrier C) will have children who are all carriers of cystic fibrosis D) has cystic fibrosis
B
An individual with (naturally) curly hair and an individual with (naturally) straight hair mate; all of their offspring have (naturally) wavy hair. If an individual with wavy hair mates with an individual with straight hair, what is the probability that their child will have curly hair? A) 0% B) 25% C) 50% D) 75%
B
An individual with (naturally) curly hair and an individual with (naturally) straight hair mate; all of their offspring have (naturally) wavy hair. What is the relationship between the alleles for hair texture? A) pleiotropy B) incomplete dominance C) wavy hair dominant to both straight and curly hair D) codominance
B
How many alleles exist for a given gene in a population? A) only two B) each gene can have a different number of alleles C) larger populations will have a larger number of alleles for each gene D) always one allele per gene
B
In ________, a sample of fluid surrounding the fetus is removed and the fetal cells in the fluid are analyzed. A) chorionic villus sampling B) amniocentesis C) paracentesis D) amniosis E) thoracentesis
B
In humans, the inheritance of ________ is best explained as being polygenic. A) cystic fibrosis B) height C) blood type D) sickle-cell disease
B
Inherited traits controlled by two or more genes are called: A) incomplete dominance. B) polygenic inheritance. C) codominance. D) multiple alleles.
B
Many human traits, such as our performance on intelligence tests or our susceptibility to heart disease, are ________. A) determined only by our genes B) influenced by both genes and the environment C) determined by genes in some people and by the environment in other people D) not affected by our genes
B
What data or test would you seek to determine whether or not a trait is sex linked? A) karyotype B) pedigree C) DNA sequence D) blood test
B
What is the likelihood that the offspring of IV-3 and IV-4 will have the trait? A) 0% B) 50% C) 75% D) 100%
B
_____ genes violate Mendel's principle of independent assortment. A) Codominant B) Linked C) Recessive D) Pleiotropic
B
A fetus of a pregnant woman is at risk for a serious disorder that is detectable biochemically in fetal cells. The obstetrician would most reasonably offer which of the following procedures to her patient? A) karyotyping of the woman's somatic cells B) X-ray C) amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling D) blood transfusion
C
Albinism is a recessive trait. A man and woman both show normal pigmentation, but both have one parent who has albinism (without melanin pigmentation). What is the probability that their first child will have albinism? A) 0 B) 1/2 C) 1/4 D) 1
C
Albinism is a recessive trait. A man and woman who both have normal pigmentation have one child out of three who has albinism (without melanin pigmentation). What are the genotypes of this child's parents? A) One parent must be homozygous for the recessive allele; the other parent can be homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, or heterozygous. B) One parent must be heterozygous; the other parent can be homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, or heterozygous. C) Both parents must be heterozygous. D) One parent must be homozygous dominant; the other parent must be heterozygous.
C
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a sex-linked recessive trait in humans. Patients experience progressive and irreversible muscle weakness over time, and they rarely live past their 20s. How likely is it for a woman to have this condition? A) Women can never have this condition. B) One-fourth of the daughters of an affected man would have this condition. C) One-half of the daughters of an affected father and a carrier mother could have this condition. D) Only if a woman is XXX could she have this condition.
C
In some parts of Africa, the frequency of heterozygosity for the sickle-cell anemia allele is unusually high, presumably because this reduces the frequency of malaria. Such a relationship is related to which of the following? (The answer to this question is not in your book) A) Mendel's law of independent assortment B) Mendel's law of segregation C) Darwin's explanation of natural selection D) the malarial parasite changing the allele
C
Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by inheriting a single allele. Individuals with Marfan syndrome are tall and long-limbed, and have both cardiovascular and eye defects. Of what type of inheritance is the phenotype of Marfan syndrome an example? A) codominance B) homozygous recessive C) pleiotropy D) incomplete dominance
C
Phenylketonuria is an inherited disease caused by a recessive autosomal allele. If a woman and her husband are both carriers, what is the probability that their first child will be a phenotypically normal girl? A) 1/4 B) 1/16 C) 3/16 D) 3/8
C
Recessive genetic disorders are more common than dominant genetic disorders because ________. A) dominant genetic disorders are never expressed in males B) people carrying dominant genetic disorders always die before birth C) carriers are not eliminated by the disease before passing the defective alleles on to their offspring D) recessive genetic disorders are limited to persons of the same ethnicity
C
Red-green color blindness is inherited as a sex-linked recessive trait. The gene is found on the X chromosome. Can a man with normal color vision father a daughter who is red-green color-blind? A) Yes, if the woman with whom he mates is red-green color-blind. B) Yes, if the man is heterozygous for red-green color blindness. C) No, he can't (unless there is a mutation). D) No, the expression of the trait skips a generation.
C
Which of the following describes the ability of a single gene to have multiple phenotypic effects? A) incomplete dominance B) multiple alleles C) pleiotropy D) codominance
C
Which of the following is an inherited trait influenced by multiple alleles? A) color blindness B) sickle cell anemia C) ABO blood types D) skin color
C
Which of the following techniques is used to collect fetal cells during pregnancy for genetic testing? A) testcross B) dihybrid cross C) amniocentesis D) pedigree analysis
C
when both parents are heterozygous for the trait. A) 0% of the offspring will have a widow's peak. B) 25% of the offspring will have a widow's peak. C) 75% of the offspring will have a widow's peak. D) 100% of the offspring will have a widow's peak.
C
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a Mendelian disorder in the human population that is inherited in a recessive manner. Two normal parents have two children with CF. The probability of their next child being normal for this characteristic is which of the following? A) 0 B) 1/2 C) 1/4 D) 3/4 E) 1/8
D
Linked genes are usually ________. A) found on the X chromosome B) found on the Y chromosome C) codominant D) located close together on a chromosome
D
Red-green color blindness is a sex-linked recessive trait in humans. Two people with normal color vision have a color-blind son. What are the genotypes of the parents? A) XnXn and XnY B) XNXN and XnY C) XNXN and XNY D) XNXn and XNY
D
What is key to recognition of a trait whose expression is determined by the effects of two or more genes (polygenic inheritance)? A) A mating between a homozygous and a heterozygous individual produces more than the expected number of offspring expressing the dominant trait. B) All of the alleles of the gene for that trait are equally expressed. C) Pleiotropy occurs. D) The trait varies along a continuum in the population.
D
What is the genotype of individual II-5? A) WW B) Ww C) ww D) ww or Ww
D
What is the key to the recognition of codominance? A) The phenotype of the heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the homozygotes. B) The trait exhibits a continuous distribution. C) The alleles affect more than one trait. D) The heterozygote expresses the phenotype of both homozygotes.
D
What is the probability that individual III-1 is Ww? A) 3/4 B) 1/4 C) 2/4 D) 1
D
Which of the following phenotypes is an example of polygenic inheritance? A) pink flowers in snapdragons B) the ABO blood group in humans C) white and purple flower color in peas D) skin pigmentation in humans
D
A woman who is heterozygous for blood type A mates with a man who is homozygous for blood type O. What blood type(s) would their children have? A) 75% heterozygous type A B) 100% type A C) 75% homozygous type O D) 100% type O E) 50% type A, 50% type O
E
