BIO chp4

archaea

closer relative to eukaryotes

A mutation in an integrin protein would likely affect many different cell interactions. Check all that apply.

communication between the ECM and cytoskeleton. cell-cell adhesion fibronectin binding. communication between the nucleus and cytoskeleton.

bacteria

has a cell wall contained of peptiglycan

The movement of vesicles along microtubules involves which of the following? Check all that apply.

intermediate filaments, dynein, kinesin

Match the organelle with its function: Vacuole

Carries out a variety of functions including regulating water levels in plant cells.

prokaryotes and eukaryotes both have

Cell membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm

Match the organelle with its function: Golgi Apparatus

Packages proteins for export from cell; forms secretory vesicle.

What is the function of surface marker proteins like the major histocompatibility complex?

Surface marker proteins are identifiers that allow the immune system to recognize "self" cells.

Match each function with the correct cytoskeletal structure. intermediate filaments

strong structural protein within cells no polymerization once formed prevent excessive stretching of cells

Match each function with the correct cytoskeletal structure. actin

used in cell crawling and cell contraction microfilaments

The cell theory includes different tenets to explain the organization of life. What principles comprise the cell theory? Check all that apply.

-All organisms are composed of one or more cells, and the life processes of metabolism and heredity occur within these cells - Cells are the smallest living things, the basic units of organization of all organisms -Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell

All cells exhibit basic structural similarities. The general plan of cellular organization varies between different organisms, but despite these modifications, all cells resemble one another in certain fundamental ways. Match each description with a feature. NUCLEUS

-contains eukaryotic DNA

nucleoid function

-contains prokaryotic DNA

eukaryotes have

-has a nucleus -has organelles

Cytoplasm function

-semifluid matrix -contains sugars, salts, and amino acids

plasma membrane function

-separates contents of cell from surroundings -made up of phospholipids bilayer

Prokaryotic cells Indicate if the following statements about prokaryotes are true or false. 1. They contain a plasma membrane 2. They contain internal organelles 3. They have a cell wall 4. They have ribosomes

1. true 2. false 3. true 4. true

Identify how bacterial flagella can help with prokaryote function. Check all that apply.

A. They are the organelle of locomotion for most bacteria capable of motility. B. A motile response to an environmental stimulus.

What are the structural and functional characteristics of centrioles? Check all that apply.

A. They have paired structures in a barrel shape. C. They create the largest cytoskeletal element.

Bacteria and Archaea

Both consist of prokaryotes, organisms with prokaryotic cells such as ribosomes, plasma membrane and nucleoid

Check all of the possible ways an eukaryotic cell can move using different cytoskeletal filaments.

Cells crawl by polymerization of actin. Cells crawl by polymerization of actin. Cells swim by a spinning motion of the flagella. Cells swim by a spinning motion of the flagella. Cells crawl by the movement of dynein proteins along a microtubule. Cells crawl by the movement of dynein proteins along a microtubule. Cells swim by a whipping motion of the flagella. Cells swim by a whipping motion of the flagella. Cells crawl when myosin motors along actin filaments contract, pulling the contents of the cell to the expanding edge.

Match the organelle with its function: Nucleus

Contains instructions for protein synthesis and cell reproduction; contains genetic information.

Match the organelle with its function: Lysosomes

Digest worn-out organelles and cell debris; digest material taken up by endocytosis.

All of the possible ways an eukaryotic cell can move using different cytoskeletal filaments:

Eukaryotic cells crawl by the polymerization of actin and then when myosin motors along the actin contract. - Eukaryotic cells swim by the whipping motion of the flagella. - Cells crawl when myosin motors along actin filaments contract, pulling the contents of the cell to the expanding edge. - Cells crawl when basal bodies protrude and extend in specific directions, allowing cells to move in particular directions.

Match each structural element or cell with the correct type of cell movement. SWIM

Flagella, cilia, flagelleted bacteria

Match the organelle with its function: Endoplasmic reticulum

Intracellular compartment forms transport vesicles; participates in lipid synthesis and synthesis of membrane or secreted proteins.

Match the organelle with its function: Peroxisome

Involved in the breakdown of fats and contains the enzyme catalase.

What are the functions of the cytoskeleton? Check all that apply.

To assemble ribosomes To provide scaffolding for the enzymes in certain areas of the cell To organize the cell's activities To organize the cell's activities To provide movement of molecules in the cell To provide movement of molecules in the cell To provide the cell shape

Match each function with the correct cytoskeletal structure. Microtubules

Used to move vessicles within cells made of dimers of alpha and beta tubulin

prokaryotes have

a nucleoid and no true organelles

Match each structural element or cell with the correct type of cell movement. CRAWL

actin, white blood cells, myosin