Bio Exam 1 Questions

11. What statement below best describes nonpolar molecules?A. Nonpolar molecules are hydrophilic and can mix with water molecules. B. Nonpolar molecules are hydrophilic and do not mix with water molecules. C. Nonpolar molecules are hydrophobic and can mix with water molecules. D. Nonpolar molecules are hydrophobic and do not mix with water molecules.

D. Nonpolar molecules are hydrophobic and do not mix with water molecules.

22.You arrive late to a biological seminar. However, just as you enter the room you hear the speaker say that the macromolecules are "single stranded". Using that information, you conclude that the speaker is probably talking about A. proteins. B. phospholipids. C. DNA. D. RNA. E. None of the above

D. RNA.

21. Cellulose and starch are both polymers of glucose. How are they different? A. Starch is mainly a structural polysaccharide and a polymer of α-glucose, while cellulose is an energy storage molecule and a polymer of β-glucose. B. Starch is mainly a structural polysaccharide and a polymer of β-glucose, while cellulose is an energy storage molecule and a polymer of α-glucose. C. Starch is an energy storage molecule and a polymer of β-glucose, while cellulose is mainly a structural polysaccharide and a polymer of α-glucose. D. Starch is an energy storage molecule and a polymer of α-glucose, while cellulose is mainly a structural polysaccharide and a polymer of β-glucose. E. None of the above is true.

D. Starch is an energy storage molecule and a polymer of α-glucose, while cellulose is mainly a structural polysaccharide and a polymer of β-glucose.

32. The part of the molecule labeled A could best be described as A. phosphate group. B. a fatty acid. C. an alpha carbon. D. a glycerol. E. a nitrogenous base.

D. a glycerol.

25. What best describes the part of the molecule labeled 'B'? A. A nitrogenous base. B. An amino group. C. A pentose sugar. D. A carboxyl group. E. A phosphate group.

E. A phosphate group.

29. Which of the following is not a function associated with proteins? A. Proteins can function as enzymes. B. Proteins can function as signaling molecules. C. Proteins can function as structural molecules. D. Proteins can function as transport molecules. E. All of the above are functions associated with proteins.

E. All of the above are functions associated with proteins.

Refer to the illustration above for questions 23-26 23. What best describes this molecule: A. An amino acid. B. A monosaccharide. C. A lipid. D. A DNA nucleotide. E. An RNA nucleotide.

E. An RNA nucleotide.

30. What are the monomers of a triglyceride? A. monosaccharides B. amino acids C. nucleotides D. glycerol, fatty acids, and phosphate E. glycerol and fatty acids

E. glycerol and fatty acids

10. One water molecule can hydrogen bond with a maximum of ___ other water molecules. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5

D. 4

Refer to the illustration above for question 6 6. What best describes the chemical attraction illustrated above? A. A polar covalent bond. B. A nonpolar covalent bond. C. A hydrogen bond. D. An ionic bond. E. More information is needed.

D. An ionic bond

The hydrogen atoms above are numbered 1-4. Which hydrogen atom would most likely be able to participate in a hydrogen bond? A. Hydrogen #1 B. Hydrogen #2 C. Hydrogen #3 D. Hydrogen #4 E. None of the hydrogens would be able to participate in a hydrogen bond.

D. Hydrogen #4

Assume that the carbon atom in the circle has no net electrical charge. What is certainly true of that carbon atom? A. It has more electrons than protons. B. It has more protons than electrons. C. It has the same number of neutrons as electrons. D. It has the same number of electrons as protons. E. It has the same number of neutrons and protons.

D. It has the same number of electrons as protons.

Refer to the illustration above for questions 27 and 28 27. Which of the following is true about the molecule illustrated above? A. This molecule serves as an important part of cell membranes. B. This is an amphipathic molecule with the part of the molecule labeled A being hydrophobic. C. This is an amphipathic molecule with the part of the molecule labeled B being hydrophilic. D. All of the above are true. E. Only B and C are true.

A. This molecule serves as an important part of cell membranes.

3. What best describes the bond labeled B? A. A polar covalent bond. B. A nonpolar covalent bond. C. An ionic bond. D. A hydrogen bond. E. More information is needed.

A. A polar covalent bond.

5. What would the net electrical charge of an atom with 4 protons, 5 neutrons, and 5 electrons be? A. 0 B. -1 C. +1 D. +4 E. -4

B. -1

12. At a pH of 6, the concentration of protons in solution is A. 10 times lower than it is at a pH of 7. B. 10 times higher than it is at a pH of 7. C. 100 times lower than it is at a pH of 7. D. 100 times higher than it is at a pH of 7. E. None of the above is correct.

B. 10 times higher than it is at a pH of 7.

26. What best describes the part of the molecule labeled 'C'? A. A phosphate group. B. A nitrogenous base. C. A pentose sugar. D. A carboxyl group. E. An amino group.

B. A nitrogenous base.

2. What best describes the bond labeled A? A. A polar covalent bond. B. A nonpolar covalent bond. C. An ionic bond. D. A hydrogen bond. E. More information is needed.

B. A nonpolar covalent bond.

24. What best describes the part of the molecule labeled 'A'? A. A phosphate group. B. A pentose sugar. C. An amino group. D. A carboxyl group. E. A nitrogenous base.

B. A pentose sugar.

34. What form would a collection of these molecules likely take at room temperature? A. a solid B. a liquid C. a gas D. More information is needed.

B. a liquid

Refer to the illustration above for questions 31-34 31. The macromolecule above is best described as A. a phospholipid. B. a triglyceride. C. a carbohydrate. D. a protein. E. a nucleic acid.

B. a triglyceride.

17. Which option(s) below represent an energy storage polymer made only by animals? A. cellulose B. glycogen C. starch D. A and B are energy storage polymers made by animals. E. B and C are energy storage polymers made by animals.

B. glycogen

18. Which option below represents a macromolecule bonded together by α-linkages? A. glucose B. glycogen C. cellulose D. triglycerides E. proteins

B. glycogen

15. Breaking macromolecules back down into their individual monomers requires A. condensation reactions. B. hydrolysis reactions. C. hydrolysis and condensation reactions. D. More information is needed.

B. hydrolysis reactions.

33. The part of the molecule labeled B could best be described as A. saturated. B. unsaturated. C. neither saturated or unsaturated. D. None of the above

B. unsaturated

20. If enzymes made a polysaccharide the size of the one labeled C in the illustration above, what would be true? A. It would require 12 hydrolysis reactions and produce 12 molecules of water. B. It would require 12 hydrolysis reactions and require 12 molecules of water as a reactant. C. It would require 12 condensation reactions and require 12 molecules of water as a reactant. D. It would require 12 condensation reactions and produce 12 molecules of water. E. None of the above.

D. It would require 12 condensation reactions and produce 12 molecules of water.

13. What is the definition of a Brönsted-Lowry acid? A. A molecule that donates an electron into solution. B. A molecule that accepts an electron out of solution. C. A molecule that donates a proton into solution. D. A molecule that accepts a proton out of solution. E. None of the above is correct.

C. A molecule that donates a proton into solution.

Refer to the illustration above for questions 19 and 20 19. Based on the degree of branching in the three polysaccharides illustrated above (labeled A, B, and C), what it most likely true. A. A represents cellulose, B represents glycogen, and C represents starch. B. A represents starch, B represents cellulose, and C represents glycogen. C. A represents starch, B represents glycogen, and C represents cellulose. D. A represents cellulose, B represents starch, and C represents glycogen. E. A represents glycogen, B represents starch, and C represents cellulose.

C. A represents starch, B represents glycogen, and C represents cellulose.

8. Consider the following electronegativity values: Boron (B) = 1.8 Carbon (C) = 2.5 Chlorine (CL) = 3.2 Selenium (Se) = 2.6 Which of the following covalent bonds is the most polar? A. C-Se2 B. C-CL C. B-CL D. Se-CL E. More information is needed.

C. B-CL

16. How are cows able to digest cellulose for energy? A. Cows make the necessary enzymes to digest cellulose. B. Cows have multiple stomachs that can mechanically digest cellulose. C. Cows contain microorganisms in their digestive system that make the enzymes necessary to digest cellulose. D. A and B are both true and together allow cows to digest cellulose. E. None of the above.

C. Cows contain microorganisms in their digestive system that make the enzymes necessary to digest cellulose.

14. If the covalent bonds in a water molecule were nonpolar, what form would water likely take at room temperature? A. a solid B. It would remain a liquid. C. a gas D. More information is needed.

C. a gas

7. Which option below shows the correct order from smallest to largest in size (left to right)? A. atoms, viruses, macromolecules, prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells B. atoms, macromolecules, viruses, eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells C. atoms, macromolecules, viruses, prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells D. macromolecules, atoms, viruses, prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells E. atoms, macromolecules, prokaryotic cells, viruses, eukaryotic cells

C. atoms, macromolecules, viruses, prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells

28. What are the covalent bonds that hold the monomers of the above molecule together? A. phosphodiester bonds B. peptide bonds C. ester bonds D. α-linkages E. β-linkages

C. ester bonds

9. Which of the following characterize a single water molecule? A. It is nonpolar. B. The electronegativity of the oxygen atom is significantly lower that the electronegativity of the hydrogen atoms. C. It contains two hydrogen bonds. D. Its oxygen atom has a partial negative charge. E. Both C and D characterize a single water molecule.

D. Its oxygen atom has a partial negative charge.