Bio Final Questions
out of 5,8,7,10 which pH is the most basic
10
An actively dividing cell has six chromosomes. How many sister chromatids are present within this cell at the end of G2 phase?
12
Nitrogen has seven protons, seven neutrons, and seven electrons. What is the atomic mass of nitrogen?
14
cardiac muscle
Cardiac muscle contains bands like skeletal muscle, but its contractions are involuntary like smooth muscle.
why do humans rely on a circulatory system to distribute oxygen?
Diffusion is very slow over all but the shortest distances, so oxygen must be delivered to our cells to speed up the process.
One of the most common knee injuries is the tearing of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). How would an injury like this affect the function of the knee?
Ligaments hold the bones of the knee in the proper orientation. Tearing the ligament could disrupt the alignment of the knee, making the knee difficult to bend.
Victoria, who is 10 years old, wants to be a zoologist when she grows up because she loves animals. So, she decided to begin her training by "doing something scientific." Specifically, she weighed and measured the lengths of all the earthworms she could find in her yard and recorded the data in a notebook. She then made a graph showing the maximum, minimum, and average weights and heights of the earthworms. Was she doing something scientific?
No, because she had no hypothesis to direct her data collection or interpretation
distinguish tissue from organs
Organs consist of multiple tissue types, whereas tissues consist of one or more cell types.
One side of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary (lungs) circuit, and the other side of the heart pumps blood to the systemic circuit (rest of the system). How do these different functions affect the structure of the heart?
The left side of the heart has a thicker muscular wall than the right side.
Some species of fish that live in the cold waters of the Arctic Ocean have evolved an "antifreeze" protein. Why might this protein be important to homeostasis?
The protein might prevent ice crystals from forming inside fish cells, which would prevent damage to the plasma membrane when temperatures are low.
If you were to step on a nail with your right foot, which of the following things would NOT happen?
The thalamus would filter and sort the sensory input that is entering your brain.
A researcher wanted to determine if consuming diet sodas causes diabetes. He conducted a study in which subjects were asked to recall how many diet sodas they drank each day, on average; the subjects' blood sugar levels were then measured. The average blood sugar levels were determined in the test subjects. Each group included an equal number of male and female participants and the groups were standardized for average weight and age. Which of these statements most accurately describes what is seen in the graph?
There appears to be a positive correlation between the number of diet sodas consumed each day and the average blood sugar levels measured in mmol/L. However, no definite cause-effect relationship has been established.
A base not found in the DNA
Uracil
best analogy for golgi apparatus
a worker in a factory who places labels on products and packs them into shipping box
pancreas
an organ that manufactures many different kinds of digestive enzymes.
light reactions of photosynthesis
as electrons move throughout the light reaction, they release energy thats used to concentrate protons in the thylakoid
A newborn is diagnosed shortly after birth with a rare heart defect that prevented the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle from fully forming. Which of the following would be an expected outcome of this defect?
body cells would receive less oxygen-rich blood than normal
starch and cellulose
both composed of the same monomer
Which of the following statements comparing photosynthesis and cellular respiration is accurate?
both require electron transport chains
homologous pair of chromosomes
carry the same genes
As you are driving to school one morning, the driver in front of you suddenly slams on his brakes and turns right without using his turn signal. Despite the potentially irritating situation, you remain calm because your ________ helped you control your emotions.
cerebrum
Once attached to the proper DNA sequence, Cas9 proteins found in the CRISPR-Cas9 system ________ both strands of DNA.
cleave
Liver cells are different from heart cells of the same organism because these cell types
express different genes
Phospholipids are large organic molecules with a ________, polar phosphate head connected to ________, nonpolar fatty acid tails. How do these molecules arrange themselves to form a mostly impermeable barrier between a liposome and its environment?
hydrophilic; hydrophobic; They line up hydrophobic tails facing each other at the center line of the membrane with the hydrophilic heads facing outward, away from the centerline of the membrane.
Food passing through our digestive tract would contain the fewest nutrients when it reaches which of the following organs?
large intestine
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are primarily distinguished by the absence or presence of internal
membrane-enclosed organelles
what differentiates meiosis from mitosis
mitosis used to repair cells meiosis used to create cells for sexual reproduction
A species that lacks DNA repair mechanisms is likely to have ________ variations between individuals than a species that possesses repair mechanisms because ________.
more; more spontaneous mutations will go uncorrected
simple diffusion
movement of a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
If a drug attacked and destroyed involuntary muscle cells only, which of the following body functions would be affected?
movement of materials through the digestive system
A permanent change in the DNA base sequence due to an uncorrected mismatch error is called a(n)
mutation
in a human cell,
nearly all chemical reactions are catalyzed by enzymes
Why is it important for humans to have pain receptors?
prevent damage to tissues prevent life threatening injuries
goal of meiosis
produce gametes--egg and sperm
Carbon dioxide is one product of a metabolic process, which occurs in both plants and animals. This process is called
respiration
DNA technology can be used with all organisms because they all
share the same chemical DNA structure
Which of the following organs plays a role in producing vitamin D?
skin
golgi apparatus
sorts proteins and lipids and sends them to their final destination
When examining the two complementary strands of nucleotides in one DNA molecule, you would expect to find that
sum of Gs and Cs from one strand equals the sum of Gs and Cs in the other
At high altitudes, gases are less concentrated. You might gasp for air, because
the amount of oxygen that can diffuse into your blood will be decreased.
why ice floats on water
the distance between water molecules in ice is greater than in liquid water
Which of the following things would you expect to happen if a knee joint was formed without any cartilage?
the knee would lack synovial fluid
After certain knee injuries, patients experience a swelling because of an accumulation of fluid within the knee. This condition is referred to as "water on the knee." Which of the following is a likely source of this fluid?
the synovial sac
Vanessa has been lifting weights to increase strength in her arms. Which of the following statements about the muscles she is strengthening is true?
they have tendons that are connected to bones
Prokaryotes lack membrane-enclosed organelles and thus do not have nuclei. Therefore, prokaryotic
transcription and translation both take place in the cytoplasm
calvin cycle
use of ATP and NADPH to produce sugars
the ultimate source of the oxygen used by all aerobic organisms comes from a reaction that breaks down
water
why oil and water dont mix
water is polar and oil is nonpolar.
Hypothesis
when scientists generate a single informed, logical, and plausible explanation for a question and observations of the natural world, they are proposing a scientific...
