Bio lab, Bio lab study

Dehydration synthesis

A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.

What does a "dehydration synthesis" do?

A dehydration synthesis links smaller subunits to make a macromolecule.

Monosaccharides

glucose, fructose, galactose

Precision

how close a group of measurements are to each other

deci

10^-1

pico

10^-12

centi

10^-2

milli

10^-3

micro

10^-6

nano

10^-9

What is the importance of a positive control? What is the importance of a negative control?

A positive control contains the variable that is being tested. It is important because demonstrates the tests ability to detect what you expect. A negative control does not contain the variable for you are searching for. It is important because it shows you what a negative result looks like.

cell wall

A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell

Volume

Amount of space occupied by an object

In the experiment, what gas did yeast produce to yield a bubble in the tubes?

CO2

Polysaccharide

Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides

Meniscus

Curved surface of liquid

materials and methods

Describes how, when and what you did.

nuclear envelope

Double membrane that encloses the nucleus

Suppose that you hear that two means are significantly different. What does this mean?

If the difference is significant, then the null hypothesis is rejected.

standard deviation

Indicates how measurements vary about the mean.

Title

Is a short label that helps readers quickly determine their interest in the paper.

Meter

Is the basic unit of length.

kilogram

Is the basic unit of mass

Results

Is the heart of a scientific paper. It should clearly summarize your findings and leave no doubt a about the outcomes

Median

Middle number

list of authors

Only those who actively contributed to the design, execution, or analysis of the experiment should be listed as authors

disscussion

Pastry of the paper where youndiscuss what they mean and why they're important.

Accuracy

Refers to how closely the measured values agree with true or correct value.

Mitochondria

Site of ATP Synthesis

Lysosomes

Site where macromolecules are degraded

independent variable

The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.

What does the abstract summarize?

The objective and scope of the problem, methodology, date, conclusions

dependent variable

The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.

In your experiment, what reagent was used for the test for starch? For glucose?

The reagant used to test for starch was iodine. The reagant used to test for glucose was Benedict's solution.

Some people dismiss evolution by natural science as being "only a theory." Biologists often respond that yes—evolution is a scientific theory. What does this mean?

This means that evolution has been repeatedly tested and verified by using the the scientific method

Why did you include controls in all of your tests?

To verify that the test procedure tests what it is supposed to be testing.

A few simple rules for writing effectively

Write clearly and simply Keep related words together. Use active voice Write positively Delete unnecessary words Use metric measurements Don't plagiarize Be sure it includes the main topic idea. Have someone read over it

Can means be different but not significantly different? Explain your answer.

Yes,means can be different. In order for it to be significantly different , the differences between means must be due to the treatment and not just due to natural variation.

Chromatin

a complex of protein and DNA.

plasma membrane

a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins that forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates the passage of molecules in

abstract

a short paragraph summarizing the research

metric system

a system of measurement based on the number 10

Nucleus

ares where most of the genetic material is organized

Mean

average

Density

mass/volume

What controls were used in each procedure that you performed in today's lab?

negative control- water ; positive controls starch and reducing sugar .

nuclear pores

passageway for molecules into and out of the nucleus.

Cytoskeleton

protein filaments that provide shape and aid in movement

Nucleolus

site for ribosome subunit assembly

Smooth ER

site of detoxification and lipid synthesis

Cytosol

site of many metabolic pathways

Golgi apparatus

site of modification, sorting, and secretion of lipids and proteins

Rough ER

site of protein sorting and secretion

Ribosomes

site of protein synthesis

Peroxisomes

site where hydrogen and other harmful molecules are broken down.

Centrosome

site where microtubules grow and centrioles are found

Disaccharides

sucrose, lactose, maltose

Reducing Sugars

sugars that can be oxidized (glucose)

range

the difference between the extreme measurements.

Parts of a scientific paper

title of paper, list of authors,abstract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, references

sum of squared deviations

total of each score's squared difference from the mean