Bio Lab Nervous System 1
appendicular skeleton has how many bones
126
skeletal system has how many bones
206
thoracic cage has how many bones
25
vertebral column has how many bones
26
skull and associated bones has how many bones
29
axial skeleton has how many bones
80
fourth ventricle (brain, hindbrain)
CFS flows from third ventricle though cerebral aqueduct into fourth ventricle; found between cerebellum and pons; ventricle becomes narrow to become central canal of spinal cord
ethmoid bone (skull)
Light spongy bone between the eye sockets; forms part of the nasal cavities.
temporal bone (skull)
Side of skull near ear
occipital condyles (skull)
around the foramen magnum, condyles articulate with the first cervical vetrebra
associated bones consists of
auditory ossicles (6) and hyoid (1)
occipital bone (skull)
back of the skull
palatine bone (skull)
back part of the roof of your mouth
medulla oblongata (brain, hindbrain)
base of brain stem; contains tracts of nerves traveling to and from spinal cord, important circuits of neurons that regulate cardiovascular system, etc.
sphenoid bone (skull)
behind eye-ish, next to temporal bone
maxillary bone (skull)
below nose; upper lip; upper jaw
sutures
bones of cranium connected by special types of joints called
nasal bone (skull)
bridge of nose
external occipital protuberance (skull)
bump in the middle of the occipital bone; superior and inferior nuchal lines extend laterally from this
third ventricle (thalamus)
chamber cut in half, looks like a sulcus that forms a ring around the thalamus
lateral ventricles (brain, brain)
chambers within hemispheres between corpus callosum and fornix; contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), produced by choroid plexus
zygomatic bone (skull)
cheek bone, goes up next to eye
arbor vitae (cerebellum)
complex branching pattern of white matter
axial skeleton
comprises the bones of the body's central axis
cerebellum (brain, hindbrain)
control skeletal muscle during motions that have become autonomic; judging type and rhythm; made of right and left cerebellar hemispheres; contain folia and arbor vitae
skull consists of
cranium (8) and face (14)
choroid plexus (lateral ventricles)
dark tissue found in ventricles, produces CSF
cerebral cortex, cerebrum (brain, brain)
divided into right and left cerebral hemispheres, divided into four lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital); circuits of nerves in hemispheres control movements, interpreting senses, thoughts, memories, etc.
frontal/coronal plane
divides body into front and back (medial and lateral)
folia (cerebellum)
folds on surface of cerebellum (like gyri)
frontal bone (skull)
forehead bone; protects cranium; largest and superior bone in skull;
midbrain (brain, brain)
forms top of brain stem; sits between diencephalon and pons; contains relay centers for visual and auditory pathways, light reflect, etc.; cerebral aqueduct runs through midbrain, connecting 3rd and 4th ventricles
transverse plane
horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions (superior and inferior)
vomer bone (nasal cavity)
inferior portion of septum
superior orbital fissure (skull)
inside eye socket
anterior cranial fossa
is frontal bone/holds frontal lobe
posterior cranial fossa
is occipital bone/holds occipital lobe
middle cranial fossa
is temporal bone/holds temporal lobe
sagittal suture (skull)
joins both of the parietal bones
coronal suture (skull)
joins frontal and parietal bones
lambdoid suture (skull)
joins occipital bone to both parietal bones
squamous suture (skull)
joins temporal bone and parietal bone
orbits (skull)
large openings that contain each eye; many bones compose each orbit
sagittal/lateral plane
lengthwise, vertical plane dividing the body or structure into right and left sides (anterior and posterior)
arachnoid mater (brain, meninges)
loose mesh of protein fibers; found between dura and pia mater; can be seen between cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres
mandible (skull)
lower jaw
inferior nasal concha (skull)
lower nose bone; bumps in lower parts of nasal cavity
hypophyseal fossa
middle of the skull, holds pituitary gland
vomer (skull)
nasal septum
lacrimal bone (orbit)
on medial wall of orbit; includes a small lacrimal groove
external auditory meatus (skull)
opening to the ear
ethmoid bone (orbit)
posterior to the lacrimal bone
sphenoid bone (orbit)
rear of the orbit
pons (brain, hindbrain)
relays info between cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla; helps regulate some autonomic functions and posture, breathing, and bladder control
gyri (cerebral cortex)
ridges on surface of cerebrum
mastoid process (skull)
round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear
pituitary gland, hypophysis
secretes many hormones, below the hyopthalamus
longitudinal fissure (brain, brain)
separates right and left hemispheres
parietal bone (skull)
side of head; largest lateral bone
lacrimal bone (skull)
small fragile bone making up part of the front inner walls of each eye socket and providing room for the passage of the lacrimal ducts
thoracic cage consists of
sternum (1) and ribs (24)
plate of the ethmoid bone (nasal cavity)
superior portion of the septum
thalamus (brain, brain)
switchboard that routes info to cerebrum; plays role in memory and basic emotions; contains third ventricle
appendicular skeleton
the bones of the limbs and their attachments to the axial skeleton
dura mater (brain, meninges)
thick, tough layer of connective tissue; separates softer meninges and the brain from cranial bones
pia mater (brain, meninges)
thin delicate transparent membrane; adheres to gyri, sulci, and other external structures of the brain
hypothalamus (brain, brain)
tissue just below and somewhat anterior to the thalamus; involved in hormone secretion, regulates autonomic functions; just above the pituitary gland
corpus callosum (brain, brain)
tract of white matter; allows info to be transmitted rapidly between hemispheres
perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone (skull)
upper part of nose along septum area
sulci (cerebral cortex)
valleys between gyri
vertebral column consists of
vertebrae (24), sacrum (1), and coccyx (1)
