bio module 3

(03.08 MC) Which of the following would most severely affect a human population? (2 points)

A high degree of illegal drug use among young adults

(03.06 MC) If an individual has an extra chromosome in every one of its cells, what mutation must have occurred? (1 point)

A non-disjunction mutation in the gamete of one of the parents

03.03 MC) Two brown-eyed parents have produced three blue-eyed sons. If they have another child, how likely is it that the child will be brown-eyed? (2 points)

Both parents have a recessive allele for blue eyes, so it is a 75 percent chance the next will be brown-eyed.

(03.06 MC) Which of the following correctly explains how a mutation can result in a life-threatening cancer? (1 point)

Cancer cells invade and destroy healthy cells, disrupting their normal functions.

03.07 MC) Advances in biotechnology have given us genetically modified tomatoes that can survive shipping and arrive at the grocery store with few visible flaws. However, many of these modified tomatoes lose some flavor. What does this example suggest about the issues surrounding food-related genetic modifications? (1 point)

Gaining some desired qualities may result in loss of others.

(03.02 MC) Which of the following best compares the cells produced from mitosis to those produced during meiosis? (1 point)

Mitosis produces genetically identical diploid cells, while meiosis produces genetically different haploid cells.

(03.04 HC) A woman gives birth to a son who has type AB blood. She has type B blood. Which of the following can be concluded from this about her parents' blood types? (1 point)

One of her parents had at least one B allele.

(03.05 MC) In which of the following ways are DNA and mRNA different? (1 point)

Only DNA serves as the master copy of an organism's genetic code which must be replicated by unzipping and base pairing before the cell divides.

(03.05 MC) Why do cells need both tRNA and mRNA? (2 points)

Only tRNA bends into a shape that can carry specific amino acids.

(03.02 HC) Which of the following correctly explains the steps pictured below? (1 point) https://i.gyazo.com/f80db57b0150ca36941bfbca6b596bf4.png

Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II

(03.08 MC) Susan recently learned that her paternal grandmother and great aunt both died of breast cancer. What should Susan do about this new information with regard to her own health? (2 points)

She should get regular screenings and perhaps get genetic testing.

(03.08 MC) Simon moves often for work. Whenever he meets with his new doctor, he makes sure to explain his family history of heart disease. Why is Simon's family history important for the new doctor? (1 point)

Simon's doctor should know Simon may be predisposed to heart problems.

(03.06 HC) Individuals can take a course of antibiotics to help their immune system fight bacterial diseases. Which of the following best explains why these antibiotics may lose their effectiveness against certain bacteria? (1 point)

Some bacteria have randomly mutated to resist the antibiotic, and this resistance is inherited.

(03.02 MC) During the production of gametes, sister chromatids are separated as the individual chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell. The nuclear membrane is now forming around each haploid set of chromosomes. Which of the following is the best conclusion you can make about the life cycle of this cell? (2 points)

The cell is in telophase II, and cytokinesis will occur next.

(03.05 HC) The base pairs in a DNA strand are held together with hydrogen bonds. If the two nitrogenous bases in each pair were held together with covalent bonds instead of hydrogen bonds, what effect would it have on the cell? (1 point)

The cell would have to take in and use more energy in order to break the covalent bonds.

03.05 MC) How is the protein created from the mRNA sequence which reads AUGAUAGUGUAG different from the protein created from one that reads AUGAUAGUGUAC? (2 points) https://i.gyazo.com/c4181527e36c268dc9176d9d08db9816.png

The first has fewer amino acids than the second.

(03.06 LC) Which of the following correctly describes the result of genetic mutations when they occur in a body cell? (1 point)

The mutation may affect the individual but will not be inherited by the offspring.

(03.07 HC) What issues will society need to resolve regarding this developing biotechnology, such as recombinant DNA technology? (1 point)

The question of the long-term effects on consumers and the targeted species

(03.02 HC) Some lizards can undergo both sexual and asexual reproduction. Being able to reproduce asexually benefits the organism during times when mates are hard to find. Under what circumstances would asexual reproduction be most beneficial? (2 points)

The species finds itself falling prey to a new and well-adapted predator

(03.03 MC) In humans, having freckles is the result of a dominant gene, and not having freckles is a recessive trait. If a freckled man who is homozygous for this trait has a child with a woman who does not have freckles, which of the following best describes how their child would most likely appear? (1 point)

Their child would have freckles.

(03.03 MC) The genes for sex-linked traits are carried on either the X or Y chromosome. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a recessive, sex-linked disease that is carried on the X chromosome. A woman with DMD and a man without the disease have a child. Which statement best describes the likelihood of the disease passing to their child? (1 point)

There is a 100 percent chance that their son will have the disease.

(03.08 HC) Recent outbreaks of bacterial illnesses have been traced back to specific foods eaten in restaurants. Why is it important to find the source of the bacteria, beyond where the food was served? (1 point)

To correct the storage or food preparation practice that is causing the spread of bacteria

(03.06 MC) A chromosome that is exposed to a mutagen breaks into two pieces. A portion off one of the ends is removed before the two pieces rejoin. The mutation that occurs is (1 point)

deletion

(03.04 MC) If a white female cat and a black male cat produce offspring that are both black and white, this is an example of (2 points)

selinked traits codominance

(03.06 MC) Several types of mutations can occur in cells. However, very few of these mutations develop into malignant cancerous tumors because (1 point)

the mutation must occur in a specific gene that controls cell division