Bio Practical
All of the following questions can be answered scientifically, EXCEPT:
Can the environment in which a person is raised cause them to behave immorally?
What three independent variables will we be manipulating in order to explore their effects on photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide, light intensity and light wavelengt
Which cellular features differentiate plants from animals?
Chloroplast, cell wall, large central vacuole
Zinc is a metal ion that is required for the function of multiple enzymes. Therefore, zinc would be considered a/an __________________.
Cofactor
Pleodorina is an aquatic green alga that is common in ponds, lakes, and roadside ditches. This organism is made up of 32 to 128 cells that are embedded in a gel-like matrix. In mature colonies, two types of cells can be distinguished: small somatic cells and larger reproductive cells that divide to form new colonies. Somatic cells carry on photosynthesis, but may become reproductive if isolated from the colony. Please decide how Pleodorina should be classified.
Colonial
How will we be measuring oxygen production in the spinach leaf disks?
Counting the number of disks that are floating
What is the appropriate term given to red blood cells placed into a hypertonic solution?
Crenate
Hormones, whether in plants or animals, always travel to their targets via circulating fluids.
False
T or F- Molecules will diffuse across a selectively permeable membrane until they reach equilibrium at which point they stop moving.
False
True or False: There is no test for lactose tolerance
False
True or False? In between each drug, the Daphnia will be allowed a 2 minute recovery period in distilled water.
False - they should be placed in Ringers Solution.
True or False? Transcription and translation take place within the nucleus.
False - translation occurs at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm or the ER.
Which of the following is true in regard to the control group for an experiment:
It is when the independent variable is held at 0 or an established level
Who is credited with discovering the structure of DNA?
James Watson and Francis Crick
In the E. coli transformation experiment, which plate will serve as the negative control?
LB/amp - plasmid
What was the purpose of the 'lanolin' treatment in the experiment using the tomato plants?
Lanolin was a vehicle that was used to deliver auxin and gibberelin to the experimental plants, and had to be used on the control plants.
For next week's lab, what is being added to the -plasmid tube?
nothing
___________ cells lack membrane-bound organelles.
Prokaryotic
Which of the following best represents how cells progress through the M phase of the cell cycle?
Prophase; Prometaphase; Metaphase; Anaphase;Telophase; Cytokinesis
DNA contains all of the following EXCEPT:
Protein
In Exercise 3, Experiment A, (starting on page 92) we observed the influence of enzyme concentration on the rate of starch digestion. What was the dependent variable in this experiment? When constructing a graph, what is the appropriate axis for the dependent variable?
Reaction time, y-axis
Referring to the handouts provided, what does sickle cell anemia affect?
Red Blood Cell Shape
What three wavelengths of light will we be filtering to test for the effects on photosynthesis rates?
Red, green, blue
Assume that while conducting the Daphnia experiment you mistakenly overdose the organism with a given drug. As a result the Daphnia dies. What is the best practice when you start collecting data with a new Daphnia?
Repeat the baseline heartrate measurement with the new Daphnia
During which phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes replicated?
S phase
What is the function of an enzyme?
Speed up a chemical reaction
In lab, we used potassium iodide to detect the presence of what?
Starch
The products of photosynthesis are:
Sugar and oxygen
Which of the following is NOT a drug we will be using with the Daphnia in this coming week's lab?
THC
The sheep "Dolly" was the first mammal cloned by transplanting a nucleus from a cell in an adult sheep into an egg of a donor sheep. Dolly appeared to grow normally for several years, but at age 6, she developed complications from several physical conditions normally only seen in older sheep. Although, there are many hypotheses about the reason Dolly suffered from traditionally old-age, one hypothesis seems to fit better than the others. Dolly's physical condition was likely due to issues associated with:
Telomere length
True or False? In both DNA replication and transcription of mRNA, the newly formed nucleotide strand is always synthesized in the 5I to 3Idirection.
True
True or False? When placing the apples and holly twigs underneath the 1L beakers, it is important that the beaker lips are covered with sand so that no gas can enter or escape the beakers.
True
True or false: If the results of the experiment match the prediction, then the hypothesis is supported.
True
True or false: If the somatic cells (referred to in the previous question) are isolated from the colony, they can become reproductive.
True
True or false: In colonial algae, somatic cells are cells that are not reproductive
True
Which of the following steps in the procedure was specifically performed to promote the uptake of the plasmid by the E. coli?
Using a solution containing Calcium Chloride
Referring to the handouts provided, the Pocket Mice studied in the video that we will watch are found where?
Valley of Fire
Which order illustrates the evolutionary trend of organisms from less to more complex?
single celled -> aggregate -> simple colonial -> complex colonial -> multicellular
During lab this week, we used a chemical substance called catechol. In our experiment, this substance can best be categorized as a/an:
substrate
With respect to microscope lenses, parfocal means _______.
that little focusing is required when moving from one lens to another.
Which of the following plant hormones causes leaf abscission?
Ethylene
What chemical was left out of solution for the 'No CO2' treatment?
NaHCO3
What did we expect to see on the plate with LB and ampicillin when we plated the non-transformed bacteria on it?
No Growth
What type of enzyme inhibitor does not directly compete for binding the active site of the enzyme?
Noncompetitive inhibitor
Assume you are testing an unknown solution to determine its contents. You add a few drops of Benedict's reagent and heat the solution to determine the presence of reducing sugars. What color should you see if reducing sugars are present?
Orange
Why would it be wise to observe the Daphnia under lower light intensity?
Overheating the Daphnia could stress and injure them.
What product of photosynthesis will we be using to measure photosynthesis rates in the spinach leaf disks?
Oxygen
Which of the following was not an independent variable we looked at when measuring photosynthesis?
Oxygen
All of the following are TRUE in regard to Exercise 2 (starting on page 89) EXCEPT:
PTU was added to the test tubes last to ensure a proper reaction
Penicillin is an antibiotic that inhibits the synthesis of peptidoglycan, an important part of the cell wall of bacteria. This causes the cell wall to break down, and the bacteria to burst. Using your knowledge from laboratory, which of the following do you think is TRUE:
Penicillin is an enzyme inhibitor
Referring to the handouts provided, how many species of finches exist on the Galapagos Islands?
13
Rosalind Franklin's photo 51 was critical X-ray crystallography data for the discovery of the double helix. What did photo 51 show?
An "X"
One strand of DNA runs in a 5I to 3I direction, while the other strand runs 3I to 5I. The term used to describe this phenomenon is _____?
Antiparallel
Which of the following would be an acceptable hypothesis for the following research question: Does increasing enzyme concentration increase enzymatic activity?
As enzyme concentration increases, the rate of the reaction will also increase.
Which test indicates the presence of a reducing sugar by changing from blue to green/orange/orange-red when heated.
Benedict's test
Assuming the experiment worked as expected, which of the following wavelengths of light showed the greatest oxygen production?
Blue
Which of the following is NOT required for translation to occur?
DNA
Which of the following is NOT true regarding DNA?
DNA contains equal numbers of adenine and uracil bases
Which of the following is NOT a difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is negatively charged and RNA is positively charged.
What is the model organism we are using for next week's lab?
E. coli
Referring to the handouts provided, which of the following birds are NOT discussed in the video: Cormorant Finches Frigate Bird Galapagos penguin
Galapagos penguin
We will be observing the effects of which plant hormones on Solanum lycopersicum?
Gibberellic acid
To begin Experiment 1B, which of the following will be placed INSIDE the dialysis tubing?
Glucose and starch solution
What is the name of protein that the pGLO plasmid codes for?
Green fluorescent protein
The pGLO plasmid has been genetically engineered to include genes for all of the following traits EXCEPT:
Heat resistance
Given the results of your experiment, under what conditions would spinach in your garden grow the best?
High levels of CO2, high intensity of light
Which of the following is TRUE regarding meiosis:
If the parent cell is 2n=16, when the homologous pairs form a synapsis during prophase I, there will be 8 tetrad complexes
All of the following are true regarding mitosis, EXCEPT:
In plant cells, the cleavage furrow divides the cytoplasm during cytokinesis
If we were to complete Exercise 3 (the potato osmolarity experiment), where on the Y-axis would we place zero?
In the middle of the Y-axis.
What advantage does the process of crossing over bring to reproduction?
Introduces genetic variation
In the light microscope, the _______________ controls the width of light passing through the specimen.
Iris diaphragm
__________________ is best described as one round of replication and two rounds of cell division.
Meiosis
What would the amino acid sequence of the following mRNA be translated to? Hint: use the mRNA codon table in your handout. mRNA: 5'-GUUAAUGGCUGGUUUUUAA-3'
Met-Ala-Gly- Phe-Stop
During which phase of the cell cycle do the sister chromatids align at the equator of the cell?
Metaphase
While cooking ramen noodles, you burn your finger on the stove. What process is involved to regenerate the skin cells on your fingertip?
Mitosis
What do you predict would happen if celery was placed in an isotonic solution?
The celery will become flaccid
The cells of an Elodea leaf become turgid when placed in a hypotonic solution. Why?
The cells have a higher solute concentration than their surroundings. Water is drawn into the cell and the protoplast presses on the cell wall.
Regarding Exercise 3, Experiment C (starting on page 100), all of the following are true EXCEPT
The enzyme that was placed on ice was denatured
What would you predict would happen if human red blood cells were placed in a hypertonic solution
The red blood cells would shrivel
Which of the following is TRUE in regard to tables:
The units of measurement should be included in the heading
n the E. coli transformation exercise, what did we hope to accomplish?
The uptake and propagation of the pGLO plasmid in the E. coli cytosol in order to confer ampicillin resistance
Which of the following is TRUE about both phenylthiourea (PTU) and catechol?
They are poisons
All of the following are TRUE in regard to Stereoscopic microscopes EXCEPT
They cannot be used to view objects too thick to transmit light
Using Figure 5 on page 20 of your lab manual, ALL of the following are true EXCEPT:
This graph proves the hypothesis that men and women aged 20-39 consume a greater than average amount of their calories from fast food.
What was the significance of returning the Daphnia to Ringers solution between treatments?
To allow the Daphnia to recover from the treatment
Why did the LB/Amp (-) plasmid plate serve as a negative control?
To ensure that the untransformed E. coli are ampicillin sensitive & to ensure that the ampicillin is effective.
What is the purpose of placing the spinach leaf disks into the vacuum flask?
To remove all O2 from the leaves.
What is the term for the procedure where foreign DNA is inserted into a bacterial cell.
Transformation
All the organisms we observed using the microscopes in lab this past week were eukaryotic. (Week 4 Lab #2)
True
The cell in Figure 9a on page 139 is in which phase?
cytokinesis