BIO Quarter 2 Pre-test (Post-test Study)
What is the main difference between binary fission and mitosis?
Binary fission occurs in single-celled organisms only.
In the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis,
CO2 enters the Calvin cycle and sugars are made.
Which of the following statements best describes the process of photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy.
Which of the following takes place in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
Energy is captured.
What is the term for an organism that makes its own source of chemical energy?
producer
Which phrase best describes the process of meiosis?
produces haploid gametes
Which of the following best describes the genetic material a person receives from his or her father?
22 autosomes and an X or Y chromosome
How many chromosomes are in a human gamete?
23
Which of the following are end products of glycolysis?
pyruvate, NADH, and ATP
Which phrase best describes cancer?
uncontrolled cell growth
Which phrase best describes the function of the ATP molecule?
carries energy
During the gap 1 stage of the cell cycle, a cell
carries out its normal functions.
Which sequence shows the progression from least complex structure to most complex structure?
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
Which process breaks down sugars to make ATP when oxygen is present?
cellular respiration
Which of the following is an example of a biological trait?
eye color
Starfish that reproduce by splitting into pieces are reproducing by
fragmentation.
The part of cellular respiration in which glucose is broken down is called
glycolysis.
Mendel began his experiments with purebred pea plants. This approach enabled him to determine that variations among offspring were the result of
his crossings
Which is the term for the group of proteins that organizes and condenses long strands of DNA into tight coils?
histones
When Mendel crossed plants that were purebred purple-flowered with plants that were purebred white-flowered, the resulting offspring all had purple flowers. When allowed to self-pollinate, this F generation gave rise to white-flowered plants as well as purple. As a result, Mendel determined that individual traits are
inherited as discrete units
Two internal factors that are important in advancing the cell cycle are
kinases and cyclins
In which stage of the cell cycle do the nucleus and its contents divide?
mitosis
The process of organizing and condensing DNA into its compact form takes place at the start of
mitosis.
What does an egg contribute to the embryo that a sperm does not contribute?
organelles
What is the main function of the Krebs cycle?
producing molecules that carry high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain
A kidney cell is an example of which type of cell?
somatic cell
Which of the following is a direct result of a normal cell's ability to express only certain genes?
Cells can differentiate and specialize.
What is the relationship between the photosystems and the Calvin cycle?
The photosystems transfer energy to the Calvin cycle through ATP and NADPH.
Why does a runner breathe hard for a few minutes after finishing a race?
The runner's cells are making up for an oxygen deficit
What happens to sister chromatids in meiosis II?
They are divided.
Which of the following statements is true of homologous chromosomes?
They contain the same genes.
Which of the following statements is true for all cells?
They use chemical energy.
Which statement is true about the rates of cell division in eukaryotes?
They vary greatly within an organism.
Which phrase best describes an organ system?
a group of organs that work together
Which phrase best describes the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?
a series of proteins located in the thylakoid membrane
In the electron transport chain, energy from the Krebs cycle is used to pump hydrogen ions
across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
At fertilization, what happens to the sex cells?
Their nuclei fuse to form one nucleus.
What is the term for the programmed death of cells?
apoptosis
Two products of the Krebs cycle are
ATP and CO2.
Which of the following statements is true of asexual reproduction?
It produces genetically identical offspring.
What provides the electron transport chain in cellular respiration with the energy it needs to function?
Krebs cycle
Which of the following conclusions was a result of Mendel's observations?
Organisms inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent.
Which phrase best describes the main role of fermentation?
allows glycolysis to continue making a small amount of ATP
During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate from each other?
anaphase
Vegetative reproduction, budding, and fragmentation are examples of
asexual mitotic reproduction
The most common form of reproduction among prokaryotes is
binary fission.
Stem cells are important to multicellular organisms because of their
capacity to differentiate.
The function of the light-dependent reactions is to
capture and transfer energy.
Which end product of alcoholic fermentation is important in the baking industry?
carbon dioxide
The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis need
carbon dioxide.
Substances known to produce or promote cancer are called
carcinogens.
Which of the following is the source of energy used in chemosynthesis?
chemical compounds
The main light-absorbing molecules found in plant leaves are called
chlorophyll
Which of the following statements is true of cytokinesis?
completes the cell cycle
The processes of mitosis and cytokinesis produce two identical
daughter cells.
Which phrase best describes meiosis I?
division of homologous chromosomes
Which of the following phrases best describes cytokinesis?
division of the cytoplasm
Which end product of fermentation causes the burning feeling in muscles that are working hard?
lactic acid
Where do the hydrogen ions for the photosystems of the light-dependent reactions come from?
water
Gametogenesis is the term for
the production of gametes.
Which of the following limits the maximum size of a cell?
the ratio of cell surface area to volume
What is the function of oxygen in cellular respiration?
to pick up electrons at the end of the electron transport chain
Which type of stem cell can grow into any other cell type?
totipotent
Which of the following statements best describes cellular respiration?
Carbon-based molecules from food and oxygen are used to make ATP.
Which of the following types of organisms uses cellular respiration for their cellular energy needs?
eukaryotes
Proteins that bind to cells and stimulate cell division are called
growth factors.
Mendel was able to identify predictable patterns of heredity. He succeeded mainly because he chose to study traits that
had only two forms
Energy is released from an ATP molecule for cellular processes when it
has a phosphate group removed
Which phrase about fermentation is correct?
takes place without oxygen
Where does the chemical energy to produce ATP come from?
the breakdown of carbon-based molecules into smaller molecules