bio rev quiz 23

Which of the following statements about the amino acids that are required by adult humans is true?

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.

Which of the following statements about cardiac muscle is true?

Cardiac muscle contains bands like skeletal muscle, but its contractions are involuntary like smooth muscle.

In what way is the structure of the small intestine related to its function?

Finger-like villi increase the surface area available for absorption.

Which of the following correctly describes the skeletal system?

The axial skeleton is designed primarily for support and protection of vital organs.

If an athlete damages a ligament in his or her knee, he or she has damaged

a connection between two bones.

The knee is part of the ________ skeleton, which is designed primarily for ________.

appendicular; motion

As an experiment, a person who wishes to avoid getting ill during the winter significantly boosts his or her vitamin intake by taking multiple vitamin supplements. This action could

be dangerous, because the human body needs vitamins only in small amounts.

Which nutrient has the highest energy content per gram?

fats

Bile is produced in the ______ and secreted into the small intestine by the ______.

liver; gallbladder

The first enzymes that food encounters in our body are in our

mouth

When you eat an apple, your body breaks down the tissues of the apple and absorbs the nutrients. What is the correct path an apple would take through your digestive system?

mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

The advantage of chewing food is that this process

provides mechanical digestion and increases the surface area of the food for further digestion.

Minerals are

required by the human body in small amounts.

The power that moves food along your esophagus comes from

smooth muscle

In the human digestive system, chemical digestion of protein begins in the

stomach

Food passing through our digestive tract would contain the fewest nutrients when it reaches which of the following organs?

the large intestine

How rapidly an organism can absorb nutrients generally depends on

the surface area available for absorption.

Bending your elbow involves

the use of voluntary muscles.