bio test

Describe an abiotic characteristic that is similar in both the desert and the rainforest.

The presence of sunlight is an abiotic characteristic that is similar in both a desert and a rainforest

Orchids living in tropical rainforests often grow on the branches of trees to access sunlight. The trees are not affected by the orchids. Which term best classifies the relationship between the orchids and the trees? A. predation B. parasitism C. competition D. commensalism

commensalism

Describe a biotic characteristic that is unique to either a desert or a rainforest ecosystem.

A biotic characteristic that is unique to a rainforest ecosystem is the presence of monkeys

During a cell division cycle, chromosome segments from two homologous chromosomes exchange places. Which result is most likely to occur following this cycle? A. Genetic material will be lost. B. The number of chromosomes will increase. C. The total number of genes in the cell will decrease. D. A change in gene location will occur on both chromosomes.

A change in gene location will occur on both chromosomes.

Describe an inference from the prairie sample study.

A statement that relates the animal life present (e.g., herbivores) based on the plant life present.

Which mutation would most likely affect the organism's phenotype? A. AUG-GCC-UGU B. AUG-GCG-UGU C. AUG-GCU-UGA D. AUG-GCU-UGC

AUG-GCU-UGA

Describe a relationship between a biotic component and an abiotic component in either a desert or a rainforest ecosystem.

Air is an abiotic component that provides carbon dioxide for all plants in either a desert or rainforest ecosystem

Before cellular division, the cell must duplicate its DNA so that daughter cells will contain complete copies of the DNA. Which characteristic of DNA makes it most suitable as a molecule for this role?DNA is located in the nucleus. B. DNA is a large macromolecule. C. DNA is made of repeating sugar-phosphate subunits. D. DNA is made of two strands of complementary nucleotides.

DNA is made of two strands of complementary nucleotides

Which statement best describes how organisms use DNA and amino acids to synthesize a protein? A. DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is translated by the ribosome to produce an amino acid chain. B. DNA is translated into mRNA, which is transcribed by the ribosome to produce an amino acid chain. C. Amino acids are transcribed into mRNA, which is translated in the nucleus to produce a molecule of DNA. D. Amino acids are translated into mRNA, which is transcribed in the nucleus to produce a molecule of DNA.

DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is translated by the ribosome to produce an amino acid chain.

An ecologist wanted to know how many plants lived in a particular prairie. Instead of counting all the plants, the ecologist used a sample area. The ecologist placed a grid that was ten meters by ten meters in a random location in the prairie and counted the number of individual plants of the various species. Data were collected and recorded.

Describing the types/species of plants in the sample area.

The diagram shows the forelimbs of three animals. Which statement best describes the bones in the animals? A. All organisms on Earth have the same bones. B. Different bones in similar species serve the same function. C. The species that are the most evolved have the longest bones. D. Similar bones in different organisms may have different functions.

Similar bones in different organisms may have different functions

Which statement best explains why the carotenoid gene has been present in pea aphids for millions of years? A. Environmental selection pressures prevented the carotenoid gene from mutating in the pea aphids. B. The HGT process introduced a benefit for survival and led to greater reproductive success in pea aphids with the carotenoid gene. C. Because genes acquired by HGT are less susceptible to selection pressures, the carotenoid gene remained in the pea aphid genome. D. The carotenoid gene had a long time to evolve before being introduced into the pea aphids, which led to a stable gene that can be successfully inherited

The HGT process introduced a benefit for survival and led to greater reproductive success in pea aphids with the carotenoid gene.

Which statement best explains how organisms accomplish passing on traits to their offspring? A.Traits are acquired when parents care for their offspring. B. Offspring inherit traits when DNA is replicated during mitosis. C. Traits are inherited by the transfer of genetic material from parent to offspring. D. Offspring acquire traits when cells become specialized for certain functions

Traits are inherited by the transfer of genetic material from parent to offspring.

Energy pyramids describe food and energy relationships within an ecosystem. Which factor most likely limits the number of levels an energy pyramid can have? A. biomass of the top-level organisms B. predation by the top-level organisms C. energy loss between each level of organisms D. chemical energy being decomposed at each level of organisms

energy loss between each level of organisms

HGT can occur naturally in the wild but can also be accomplished in a laboratory setting. Which laboratory procedure most closely resembles the process of HGT? A. inserting DNA from a bacterium into a corn plant B. selectively breeding corn plants for desired traits C. using radiation to induce genetic mutations in bacteria D. cloning a bacterium to produce an identical strain of cells

inserting DNA from a bacterium into a corn plant

Which sequence best orders ecological categories from the one with the fewest number of individuals to the one with the greatest number of individuals? A. ecosystem, population, community, biome B. population, community, ecosystem, biome C. biome, population, community, ecosystem D. community, biome, population, ecosystem

population, community, ecosystem, biome

A student looking through a microscope records observations about a cell. Which stage of the cell cycle has the student described? A. prophase B. anaphase C. interphase D. telophase

prophase

Two closely related shrimp species have habitats and niches that partially overlap. Which factor most likely caused the divergence of the shrimp into separate species? A. reproductive isolation B. reduction of food supply C. a series of rapid mutations D. large initial population size

reproductive isolation