BIO101 Exam 3
What are the electrical signals generated by neurons called?
Action potentials
What is the condition called when your body's immune system overreacts to an otherwise harmless foreign particle?
Allergy
The term interface can be used to describe the surface across which molecules and ions are exchanged, often diffusing between external and internal environments or between organ systems. What part of the respiratory system forms the interface between the respiratory system and the circulatory system?
Alveoli
Which of the following forms of contraception is removable?
An intrauterine device
This substance is stored in the gall bladder and released to aid in the digestion of fat.
Bile
A person with carbohydrates A and B on the surface of their red blood cells will have which of the following blood types?
Blood type AB, as both A and B are present
Which of the following statements about bones is false?
Bones are dry and dead, made up of calcium and connective fibers with a few blood vessels running through them.
Digestion is ________.
Both mechanical and chemical
Select the feature which is involved in the clotting process.
Both platelets and fibrin
Which of the following is an organ system?
Circulatory system
Which of the following statements about digestion is true?
Digestion can be both mechanical and chemical, and it occurs both in the mouth and in the stomach.
By the time food has traveled to the large intestine, only chemical digestion has taken place. T/F
F
Your adrenal glands produce testosterone (male hormones) and adrenaline and are located lateral and inferior to your kidneys as separate organs not connected to any other organ.
False, adrenal glands located on top of kidneys
How does HIV infection weaken the immune system?
HIV destroys helper T cells.
What are the four stages of food processing, ordered from beginning to end?
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
The somatic nervous system would control which of the following?
Kicking a ball into a soccer goal
Which of the following is the correct sequence of structures of the urinary system in the creation to the excretion of urine?
Kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra
What type of connective tissue connects bones together?
Ligaments
Sound is "heard" when sound waves cause structures inside your ears to physically vibrate. A signal is then sent to your brain where it is interpreted as sound. What type of receptor in the ear is responsible for the sense of hearing?
Mechanoreceptors
Match the correct structure with its correct tissue.
Neurons make up the nervous tissue.
Which carbohydrates are present on the surface of the red blood cells of a person with blood type O?
No carbohydrates are present on the surface of the red blood cells
If your red blood cells have no carbohydrate markers on the membrane, what is your blood type?
O
What is the correct hierarchy of organization, from biggest to smallest, in your body?
Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell
How do the muscles in your arm extend your arm outward?
Some muscles in your arm relax, and others contract, pulling the arm straight. Submit
A woman giving birth moves the fetus from her abdomen in an inferior direction through her pelvis prior to the head of the baby emerging. T/F
T
After the blood is filtered by the adrenal gland, fluid called urine is extracted from it that moves through the ureter to the bladder where it is stored. T/F
T
Two important hormones that affect the female menstrual cycle are estrogen and progesterone. T/F
T
What is chemical digestion?
The breakdown of food by enzymes
What happens during diastole?
The heart muscles relax, allowing blood to flow into all chambers of the heart.
There are many organs and glands of the endocrine system, but which one is the master controller?
The hypothalamus
Which brain structure controls the secretion of hormones in the rest of the body?
The hypothalamus
How does a gastric bypass lead to patient losing weight?
The stomach is reduced in size so patients eat less.
What is mechanical digestion?
The use of physical actions to break down food Submit
What is the main role of kidneys?
To filter blood and remove toxins from it
What is the main role of T cells in the immune response?
To stimulate the production of immune cells
Organs are made up of ________ type(s) of tissue.
Two or more
Blood calcium level regulation controlled by the release of hormones when blood calcium levels change is an example of _____________.
a negative feedback mechanism
The main role of the large intestine is to ________.
absorb water
The urinary system ________.
all of the above are roles of the urinary system
Form refers to ________, and function refers to ________.
anatomical structure; physiological actions
Veins carry ________.
blood toward the heart
Blood types A, B, AB, and O are determined by ________.
carbohydrates on the surface of the red blood cells
Your thigh bone, the largest bone in your body, is called the ________.
femur
The systemic circuit specifically circulates blood ________.
from the heart to the rest of the body
The main role of the liver is to ________.
produce bile, which helps the process of digestion
The ______________ is the chamber where blood enters the heart from the body and receives ____________ blood.
right atrium; deoxygenated
Which of these is the functional unit of contraction in muscles?
sarcomeres
Sensory receptor cells convert a stimulus, such as an odor molecule or light, into an electrical signal that is conveyed to the nervous system. This process is called __________.
signal transduction
Your clavicle and scapula are part of which organ system?
skeletal
Most of the absorption of nutrients (besides water) takes place in the ________.
small intestine
Why does the baby in the photo below have a head with a cone-like appearance?
the skull sutures are not fused until after the baby is born
Which of these methods of preventing pregnancy work with the male reproductive system?
vasectomy
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a ________.
virus
