Bio3 Exam1 Review

A transport system that moves one solute into the cell and another one out of the cell during a single cycle accompanied by the expenditure of energy through ATP hydrolysis could be called:

Active Transport

Exocytosis is usually triggered by a release of

Ca++ ions

What is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration?

Diffusion

What kind of membrane protein penetrates into the hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer?

Integral membrane protein

Placing phospholipids in water will spontaneously form a spherical structure called a:

Lipisome

In the Na+/glucose cotransporter, _____ moving down its gradient drives the transport of _____ against its gradient.

Na+ ions, Glucose

The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration is called

Osmosis

Where does protein synthesis occur?

Rough ER

A virus hijacks a cell to make proteins to make new viruses. What is the order in which the new viral proteins travel through the cell?

Rough ER, Glogi, Plasma Membrane, Viral envelope

What affect does the binding of the SRP to the growing peptide chain have on the ribosome?

Synthesis stops until the ribosome associates w/ ER

Which of the following cell processes depend on the movement of membrane components and would probably not be possible if membranes were rigid, non-fluid structures: cell movement cell division formation of intercellular junctions endocytosis

all

A molecule that has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions is:

amphipathic

Prokaryote vs Eukaryote

circular vs linear DNA

Name a function of membranes

compartmentalization

The process of membrane fusion (between vesicle and plasma membrane) and subsequent content discharge is called

exocytosis

Diffusion during which the substance to be transported binds selectively to a membrane-spanning protein, which helps the process along

facilitated diffusion

How do phospholipids change sides of the membrane?

flippase enzyme

How are proteins modified in the Golgi?

glycosylation

What happens to the clathrin coat once the vesicle has budded from the Golgi body?

it's lost

upon what "highway system" do vesicles move through the cell?

microtubules

A polymer is made of many:

monomers

A molecule that shares its electrons unequally between its atoms is:

polar covalent bond

Which microscope is best suited to study the detailed surface of cells?

scanning electron microscope

Where are hydrophobic interactions most likely to occur: a. on the surface of a water-soluble protein b. the core of a water-soluble protein c. in contact with water molecules d. between two charged molecules e. between two ions

the core

Name a function of proteins.

transport, enzymes, protection, signal transduction, shape cells

The three-legged assembly of protein chains that makes up a clathrin molecule and that can assemble into a network of polygons resembling a honeycomb is called a

triskelion

What would happen if you disrupted SNARE proteins (vesicle fusion) in a cell?

vesicles would not be released; death