Biol Test 2

The tympanic membrane is protected from the entry of dirt and small insects into the ear canal by the presence of ___and hairs

cerumen

The _______ forms the bulk of a hair.

cortex

The largest region of a hair is the

cortex

statements that describe calluses.

-Develop in areas subject to heavy friction or pressure -Are localized thickenings in the stratum corneum

the factors that influence hair color.

-genetic -melanocyte activity -melanin deposition

all of the components of the dermis.

-nerve fibers -blood vessels -glands -fibers

In humans, what locations do not typically have hair?

-nipples -palms of hands and soles of feet -lips

The dermis contains receptors that detect ______.

-pain -touch -variations in temperature -changes in pressure

statements that describe the function of sebum.

-prevents the drying of the skin surface -protects against some bacteria

Identify the functions of the integumentary system.

-resistance to infection -thermoregulation -sensation of environmental stimuli

terms that describe the major regions of a hair.

-shaft -root -bulb

The functions of vitamin D include ______

-stimulating the uptake of calcium and phosphate from the intestines -promoting calcium and phosphate release from bones -reducing calcium loss from kidneys

Variations in skin color are determined by

-the amount of melanin produced -the distribution of melanosomes

properties that help the skin prevent microorganisms and other foreign substances from entering the body.

-the lack of blood vessels in the epidermis limits access to central circulation -multiple layers of dead cells make it difficult for pathogens to enter -secretions from skin glands produce an environment unsuitable for some microorganisms

The subcutaneous tissue is largely composed of adipose tissue and _____ tissue

loose connective

The two major glands of the skin are the

oil and sweat glands

The medulla contains

soft keratin

Muscle contraction during exercise increases body temperature which leads to the release of body heat via ______.

the dilation of blood vessels in the dermis

Near the time of birth, lanugo hair is replaced by _____ hairs which are short, fine, and usually unpigmented, and _____ hairs which are typically long, coarse, and pigmented.

vellus, terminal