BIOL224 Exam #2 (Chapter 19 Test Questions)

A patient with type O blood is given a transfusion of type A blood. Which of the following will occur? There will be no agglutination because the patient does not have any antibodies. The anti-B antibodies of the transfusion blood will react with the B antigens of the patient. The anti-A antibodies of the patient will react with the A antigens of the transfusion blood. There will be no agglutination because the transfusion blood does not have any antigens.

The anti-A antibodies of the patient will react with the A antigens of the transfusion blood.

Which of the following does not cause platelet activation and aggregation? Thrombin Von Willebrand factor Calcium ions ADP

Thrombin

The first step of hemostasis is ___________________. platelet plug formation thrombolysis coagulation vascular spasm

Vascular spasm

The next step in this sequence of events of hemostasis would be __________. vasodilation thrombolysis clot retraction vasoconstriction

Vasoconstriction

Which is NOT a function or characteristic associated with vasoconstriction? body heat is retained smooth muscle cells of the tunica media contract vessel diameter increases increase in blood pressure

Vessel diameter increases

Which of the following vitamins is essential for the production of clotting factors? Vitamin A Vitamin K Vitamin C Vitamin D

Vitamin K

White blood cells that have an S-shaped nucleus and large dark-staining granules are the __________. eosinophils basophils lymphocytes neutrophils

basophils

This figure illustrates __________. thrombolysis clot retraction vascular spasm coagulation

clot retraction

Lepirudin is a drug that inhibits thrombin. It will have an effect specifically on the __________. extrinsic/tissue factor pathway of coagulation thrombolysis common pathway of coagulation Intrinsic/contact activation pathway of coagulation

common pathway of coagulation

The vascular spasm is associated with ___________ vessel diameter and _______ blood flow through the vessel. decreased; decreased increased; increased increased; decreased decreased; increased

decreased; decreased

If a patient had a parasitic infection, you would expect an elevated __________ count. T lymphocyte basophil eosinophil erythrocyte

eosinophil

The hormone released by the kidneys in the figure above is __________. adrenalin vitamin K erythropoietin hemoglobin

erythropoietin

Basophils have an important function in releasing...

histamine and heparin.

Athletes use the hormone EPO to __________. strengthen their immune systems stay hydrated improve clotting and coagulation after injury increase their hematocrit

increase their hematocrit

Platelets form from large cells called __________. macrophages thrombocytes lymphoblasts megakaryocytes

megakaryocytes

Will this blood transfusion result in a transfusion reaction? yes no only if the patient has been previously sensitized can't be determined

no

Transfusion reactions are caused by the recipient's antibodies. donor's immune response. donor's antibodies. recipient's antigens.

recipient's antibodies.

Which of the following is a stimulus for erythropoiesis? reduced carbon dioxide availability leukemia reduced availability of oxygen high hematocrit

reduced availability of oxygen

The enzyme that coverts fibrinogen to fibrin is __________. thrombin prothrombin factor Xa tissue factor

thrombin

Which of the following is not one of the functions of blood? to transport and exchange gases to maintain body temperature blood clotting to protect vital organs

to protect vital organs

The first step of hemostasis is __________. vascular spasm thrombolysis platelet plug formation coagulation

vascular spasm

A person with type AB blood will have which of the following antigens? B only A and B A only No antigens

A and B

Type A blood contains __________. A antigens and anti-A antibodies A antigens and anti-B antibodies B antigens and anti-A antibodies B antigens and anti-B antibodies

A antigens and anti-B antibodies

Which of the following donors will be suitable for a recipient with type A+ blood? A donor with AB- blood A donor with B+ blood A donor with O- blood A donor with AB+ blood

A donor with O- blood

Determine the blood group of a patient who has erythrocytes like the one shown in the figure. O+ AB- AB+ O-

AB+

Which of the following blood types is considered the universal recipient? AB- O+ O- AB+

AB+

Which of the following solutes is a plasma protein? Hemoglobin Tissue factor Albumin Electrolytes

Albumin

Which of these people will produce anti-Rh antibodies? Every Rh- person, even if they have not been previously exposed to Rh antigen An Rh+ person who has been previously exposed to Rh antigen and sensitized Every Rh+ person, even if they have not been previously exposed to Rh antigen An Rh- person who has been previously exposed to Rh antigen and sensitized

An Rh- person who has been previously exposed to Rh antigen and sensitized Submit

Which of the following statements about Rh is CORRECT? An Rh+ person will only make antibodies against Rh after being exposed to the Rh antigen. An Rh- person will only make antibodies against Rh after being exposed to the Rh antigen. People who are Rh+ do not have the Rh antigen. An Rh- person will never make antibodies against Rh.

An Rh- person will only make antibodies against Rh after being exposed to the Rh antigen.

A person with type A blood will have which antibodies? Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies No antibodies Anti-B antibodies Anti-A antibodies

Anti-B antibodies

Determine the blood type of this patient based on the blood- typing test results in the figure.

B type

Mr. R has beta-thalassemia minor; he is heterozygous for the beta-thalassemia gene, so he only makes half as many beta chains as normal. The red blood cells containing abnormal hemoglobin are destroyed more rapidly, so Mr. R suffers from mild anemia (low hematocrit).What are the beta chains, and why are they important in the hemoglobin molecule? Beta chains are two of the four protein chains that hold heme groups in position and modulate their oxygen-binding properties. All of the protein in hemoglobin is beta chains; therefore, hemoglobin could not exist without them. Beta chains are the part of the erythrocyte that holds the hemoglobin in position so it can properly receive oxygen. Beta chains are the part of the hemoglobin that carries oxygen.

Beta chains are two of the four protein chains that hold heme groups in position and modulate their oxygen-binding properties.

An example of a waste product from the breakdown of hemoglobin is__________. Hemoglobin S Transferrin Jaundice Biliverdin

Biliverdin

Which of the following characteristics is not associated with erythrocytes? Anucleate Filled with hemoglobin Capable of protein synthesis Biconcave discs

Capable of protein synthesis

The process that converts fibrinogen to fibrin and results in the formation of a more solid clot is called __________. thrombolysis platelet plug formation coagulation clot retraction

Coagulation

Albumin is a relatively large plasma protein produced by the liver that is responsible for blood's....

Colloid osmotic pressure.

The percentage of blood composed of erythrocytes is called __________. Plasma Buffy coat Formed elements Hematocrit

Hematocrit

Name this structure. Heme beta chain alpha chain oxygen molecule

Heme

The process that stops bleeding from an injured vessel is called __________. hemostasis hemolysis hematopoiesis homeostasis

Hemostasis

Improving oxygen carrying capacity of blood and improved muscle endurance is all caused by

Increased hematocrit

Which of the following is a characteristic of erythrocytes? Large surface area to volume ratio Anucleate spheres Packed with mitochondria and hemoglobin Relatively large flexible cells

Large surface area to volume ratio

Name this cell.

Megakaryocyte

You are observing a blood slide under the microscope and you see a large cell with a U-shaped nucleus and light blue cytoplasm. You identify this cell as a __________. basophil monocyte neutrophil lymphocyte

Monocyte

During leukopoiesis, neutrophils are derived from __________. Lymphoblast Myeloblasts Monoblasts Proerythroblasts

Myeloblasts

Which of the following blood types is considered the universal donor? AB- AB+ O- O+

O-

Which of the following components is not one of the formed elements in blood? Leukocytes Platelets Plasma Erythrocytes

Plasma