Bioligay Exam one

Compound X reduces the concentration of free H+ ions in a water-based solution. Does compound X raise or lower the pH value of the solution? a.raise b.lower

raise

Small, noncellular infectious agents that are only capable of reproducing when inside a living cell are called

viruses.

A solution with a ph of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a soltion ...

with a ph of 4

A solution with a ph of 10 is 100 times more basic than a solution ...

with a ph of 8

Which of the following about osmosis and diffusion is true? a.Diffusion requires a difference in concentration, osmosis does not. b.Osmosis requires a semipermeable membrane, diffusion does not. c.Diffusion is a form of active transport.

Osmosis requires a semipermeable membrane, diffusion does not.

Which of the following is a scientific hypothesis? a.People catch colds because of cold temperatures. b.Do bad people catch more colds than good people? c.It is unethical to go to school when you have a cold. d.Cold viruses should be allowed to reproduce just like anything else.

People catch colds because of cold temperatures.

plant cells vs animal cells

Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplast, central vacuole. Animal cells have lysome.

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production

If a mother chooses not to vaccinate her children, who is at risk for contracting and suffering from the disease? a.only her children who are not vaccinated b.she herself, her children, and others in her extended family c.anyone with whom the children come in contact d.any unvaccinated person with whom the children come in contact

any unvaccinated person with whom the children come in contact

In diffusion, which direction do solute particles move? a.from an area of higher concentration of particles to an area of lower concentration b.from an area of lower concentration of particles to an area of higher concentration

from an area of higher concentration of particles to an area of lower concentration

Does a ph of 0 have a high or low concentration of h+ ions?

high

A controlled experiment is one that must a.proceed very slowly. b.include experimental and control groups. c.be supervised by an experienced scientist. d.keep both the dependent and the independent variable constant.

include experimental and control groups.

Three of the following groups of molecules share an important structural characteristic that the fourth group does not share. Which one is different? a.proteins b.lipids c.nucleic acids d.carbohydrates

lipids

Is 14 the lowest or highest conentaction of free h+ ions?

lowest

Golgi apparatus

marks and packages stuff into vesicals for transport

Which of the following organelles is responsible for generating ATP? a.nucleus b.lysosome c.smooth endoplasmic reticulum d.mitochondria

mitochondria

Electron

negatively charged particle

A ph of 7 is

neutral

Neutron

no charge

What is the role of the chloroplast?

photosynthesis (conversion of light energy to chemical energy)

The________ is a phospholipid bilayer that separates the internal components of a living cell from the cell's external environment.

plasma membrane

Proton

positively charged particle

Since both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain ribosomes, both types of cells are able to manufacture

proteins.

The definition of a correlation is a.a statement about how the world works that can be tested using the scientific method. b.research that is intended to expand the fundamental knowledge of science. c.two or more aspects of the natural world that behave in an interrelated manner. d.two or more aspects of the natural world for which a change in one causes a change in another.

two or more aspects of the natural world that behave in an interrelated manner.

Cytoskeleton

A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement of vesicals.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids.

A ph of 0 to 6 is a

Acid

Chloroplast

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

primary source

An original document containing the observations, ideas, and conclusions of an individual. It is a firsthand account presented by someone present or actively participating in the event. Examples include manuscripts, photographs, oral histories, and personal journals, researh papers.

Examine the figure provided. What change would you expect to see in the solution level over time? w = water s = sugar : semipremable membrane | w w w : s w s s s |

Ans: The solution level on the right side of the figure would rise while the solution level on the left side of the figure would decrease. Reason: If each sugar molecule represents a percentage point of sugar dissolved in the solution, the solution on the right side of the figure is 5 percent sugar and 95 percent water (hypertonic) while the solution on the left side of the figure is 0 percent sugar and 100 percent water (hypotonic). The water will diffuse through the membrane down the concentration gradient (to the side with a lower concentration of water) until equilibrium is reached. This means the net movement of water will be from left to right.

A ph of 8 to 14 is a

Base

Which of the following cell structures are typically found in plant cells but not found in animal cells?

Cell wall, chloroplasts, and large central vacuole

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?

Chemically tagging and packaging proteins

Lysomes

Contain digestive enzymes, removes waste and foreign material from the cell

Which of the following cell structures can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Cytoplasm, plasma membrane, ribosomes

rough ER

ER that is dotted with ribosomes

Which of the following statements expresses part of the cell theory?

Every living organism is composed of one or more cells.

secondary source

Information gathered by someone who did not take part in or witnessed an event but collected info from primary sources.

Ordinary table salt (NaCl) is composed of one positive and one negative ion. Which of the following types of bonds holds these ions together? a.polar b.covalent c.ionic d.hydrogen

Ionic

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate topic to study using the scientific method? a.Do women make the same amount of money for the same job as men? b.Is Anne actually in love with Andy? c.Does drinking coffee raise blood pressure? d.Do Lucky Strike cigarettes contain fewer carcinogens than other brands?

Is Anne actually in love with Andy?

How does anecdotal evidence differ from scientific evidence? a.It is not composed of systematically collected data or scientific observations and therefore does not give an accurate picture of a subject. b.It does not consist of observations of the natural world. c.It is not published in the news or on the Internet. d.It doesn't differ enough to be scientifically discounted.

It is not composed of systematically collected data or scientific observations and therefore does not give an accurate picture of a subject.

Which cellular structure is primarily responsible for water and solute storage but sometimes also stores cellular waste products?

Large central vacuole

Which of the following is an example of secondary literature? a.Instagram b.Los Angeles Times c.Journal of Medical Microbiology d.The Book of Mormon

Los Angeles Times

Which of these structures is primarily responsible for the enzymatic breakdown of large molecules in the cell?

Lysosome

Ribosomes

Makes proteins

Which of these structures is the location of cellular respiration, which produces ATP for the cell?

Mitochondrion

An increase in autism has been shown to occur with an increase in each of the following. Which has been shown to be the actual cause of autism? a.MMR vaccines b.sales of organic foods c.the child reaches the age of 15 months d.All of the above have been shown to cause autism. e.None of the above have been shown to cause autism.

None of the above have been shown to cause autism.

Which cellular structure is responsible for the localized storage of chromosomal DNA?

Nucleus

atomic mass

Number of protons and neutrons

Smooth ER

That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes and makes lipids

How do the two hydrogens and oxygen in a water molecule interact to create a polar molecule? a.The oxygen nucleus pulls the negative electrons away from the hydrogen nuclei, creating a separation of charge in the entire molecule. b.The two hydrogen atoms pull the positive protons toward them, creating a separation of charge. c.The higher mass of the oxygen polarizes the molecule. d.all of the above

The oxygen nucleus pulls the negative electrons away from the hydrogen nuclei, creating a separation of charge in the entire molecule.

What makes lipids structurally different from proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids? a.They are not a polymer. b.They are not a diverse group. c.They are not a biomolecule. d.They are not necessary for life.

They are not a polymer.

Which of the following structures is considered an organelle? a. Cytosol b. Vacuole c. Plasma membrane d. Microtubule

Vacuole

The plasma membrane is mainly composed of

a double layer of phospholipids with the hydrophobic tails facing each other on the inside and the hydrophilic heads facing the external and internal environments

A scientific theory is a.an explanation that cannot be modified in light of new experimental evidence. b.any testable explanation for a question or problem. c.the same as a hypothesis. d.a hypothesis that has been exhaustively tested and supported by all experimentation to date.

a hypothesis that has been exhaustively tested and supported by all experimentation to date.

Collecting data based on observation in nature is an example of a(n) a.analytical study. b.correlation study. c.descriptive study. d.statistical study.

a.descriptive study.

When energy is used to move molecules across a plasma membrane, ________ has occurred.

active transport

What is the cell theory? a.Cells are the smallest and basic unit of life. b.All living things are composed of cells. c.All cells came from preexisting cells. d.all of the above

all of the above

A ________ cell contains a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles.

eukaryotic

Molecules sometimes move across a plasma membrane by passing through channel proteins or with the help of transport proteins. If no energy is used by the cell during this process, the process is called

facilitated diffusion.

A(n) ________ allows some substances to move freely into and out of a cell by simple diffusion while it will always exclude some substances from crossing. However, some substances that cannot cross by simple diffusion can pass through with the help of either active or passive transport proteins.

selectively permeable membrane

Osmosis is a form of

simple diffusion.

Atomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom