Biological bases of behavior

While walking through the living room at night, Daniella steps on her little brothers toy car. Danielle feels pain in her foot because her sensory neurons generated a(n)

Action potential

In a moment of danger, the autonomic nervous system activates the endocrine system to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Which part of the endocrine system releases these two hormones?

Adrenal gland

Which of the following accurately depicts the relationship between afferent and efferent neurons?

Afferent neurons tell the brain the hand is on a ht stove and the efferent neurons move the hand off the stove.

A constant pressure that cuts communication between neurons in the peripheral nervous system can cause paresthesia and in some instances, paralysis. Which neurons, when cut off, cause paresthesia and which neurons can cause paralysis.

Afferent; efferent

A person is trying to wait smoking through the use of a prescribed drug that mimics some of the effects of nicotine in the brain. Through the use of the medication, dopamine is still released, but less so than its nicotine. In this instance which of the following BEST identifies the role of the prescribed drug?

Agonist

Which of the following NOT a class of drugs used to treat psychological disorders?

Anticoagulants

Which of the following classes of drugs works by blocking the neural receptors for dopamine?

Antipsychotics

which part of the neuron is responsible for sending neural impulses into the synapse for connection with other neurons?

Axon terminal

Damage to the occipital lobe is MOST likely to result in

Blindness

susan was recently involved in an accident. while she has the ability to understand what those around her are saying, she is unable to respond verbally. susan may have suffered damage to her....

Brocas area

A demyelinating disorder, such as multiple sclerosis, would cause all of the following symptoms EXCEPT

an increased rate of neuronal conduction.

Someone under the influence of alcohol is MOST likely to experience

an increases in energy

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) were created for the treatment of

depression

Split-brain research has revealed that individuals who have had their corpus callous severed are likely to

fail to name a picture of a familiar object

The cells that transfer signals between neurons and communicate another are called

interneurons

Which of the following parts of a neuron serves as an insulator and speeds up neural transmission

myelin sheath

REM sleep is also known as

paradoxical sleep

madison encounters a snake on her walk home. after her initial fright, her breathing and heart slow down and she begins to feel calm again. which division of the nervous system helped calm madison down?

parasympathetic

Which part of an individuals consciousness involves their habits and what some believe is the ability to multitask

subconscious

Reuptake

the process through which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the cell

katrina has problems coordinating her movement and keeping her balance. which part of her brain is NOT functioning properly?

Cerebellum

Researchers removed part of the rats brain so that the two hemispheres of the rats brain can no longer communicate with each other. which part of the rats brains did the researchers take out?

Corpus callosum

Martin is connected to an EEG and researchers are watching his brain waves to determine his sleep patterns, after being asleep for 25 minutes, the researcher note that Martin is in stage 2 sleep. as Martin moves into the next stage of sleep, which top of brain waves can researchers expect to see?

Delta waves

which of the following is true regarding depressants?

Depressants are agonists for GABA and slow neural activity

The stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from which of the following systems?

Endocrine system

Hannah receives a text that a friend has had gone through a serious car accident. Which neurotransmitter will her body immediately release after reading the text?

Epinephrine

Kayla has a dream in which she is falling, and when she is about to land, she wakes up. After awakening, she spends hours researching the symbolism oof her dream. Which sleep Theory best describes Kaylas approach to researching her dream?

Frued's wish fulfillment

Which of the following is TRUE about the work of Paul Broca?

He discovered that the left hemisphere of the brain is important for the production of speech.

Which of the following drugs is NOT classified as a stimulant?

Heroin

Due to a brain tumor, a dog has started t avoid food and has lost weight. The tumor is MOST likely located in the

Hypothalamus

which of the following demonstrated how aging can be influenced by heredity?

Identical twins are mire likely to have similar lifespan compared to fraternal twins.

After a child with severe epilepsy has a brain hemisphere surgically removed, which of the following is MOST likely to occur?

Long-term impact if cognitive and other abilities will be minimal.

People with schizophrenia have been shown to have larger than average ventricles, the fluid-filled spaces in the brain. What did scientists MOST likely use to make this discovery?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Split-brain, a condition caused by the partial or complete severing of the corpus callous, was notably studied by

Michael Gazzaniga

Medications that treat multiple sclerosis work by slowing the degeneration of which of the following parts of the neuron?

Myelin sheath

Ronnie is conducting research on the part of the neuron that helps speed the transmission of neural impulses, which is called the

Myelin sheath

Which of the following is the best example of an antagonist?

Naloxone binds to receptors to block the effects of opioids

At a concert, Joan's listening to the words of her favorite song and watching her favorite band perform. Which two lobes of her brain are active during these activities?

Occipital and temporal

What brain imaging instrument would MOST likely be used to determine whether a patients brain shows increased fontal lobe activity after taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?

Positron emission tomography (PET)

In order to identify which of Lucys brain areas were most active when she talked, neuroscientists gave her a temporarily radioactive form of glucose and used which of the following neural measures

Positron emission tomography(PET)

Researchers found that monkeys with an anxious glucose in regions related to fear, memory, and expectations of rewards and punishments. Which type of neural measure was MOST likely used to gather this information?

Positron emission tomography(PET)

Afferent and efferent nerve fibers make up the

Somatic nervous system

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for relaying information from the brain to the muscles so they can walk across the room and pick something up

Somatic nervous system

jackson was preparing to study for his psychology exam when the fire alarm went off. his heart raced and his breathing sped up. which part of the nervous system activated jackon's stress response?

Sympathetic nervous system

The evolution of human language is attributed to expansion of which area of the cerebral cortex?

Temporal lobe

Which of the following BEST defines neuroplasticity?

The ability of brain issue to take on new functions.

Which of the following statements BEST described the implications that new discoveries in epigenetic and brain plasticity hold for the nature versus nurture debate in psychology?

The expression of genetic predispositions and brain psychology are both influenced by environmental factors, therefore nature and nurture are interrelated.

Why is rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep often called paradoxical sleep?

The nervous system is highly active, while the voluntary muscles hardly move.

Which of the following of the following part of the nervous system constricts the pupils, stimulates salivation and digestion, and causes the bladder to contract?

The parasympathetic nervous system

Which of the following would indicate a user has built up a tolerance to a drug?

The user needs a larger amount than before in order to feel the drugs effect.

Dr. Jones, the intrepid jungle explorer, is bitten by a large spider and experiences partial paralysis and difficulty breathing. Which of the following statements is MOST likely to be True about the spider vemon?

The venom is an acetylcholine (Ach) antagonist.

Which of the following describes the major findings of recent twin studies

There are strong similarities between adults identical twins who had been separated at birth

When a neuron is capable of firing, it is said to have reached its

Threshold

Evolutionary psychologists are MOST likely to study

Why so many more people have phobias of spiders and snakes than guns and electricity