Biology 1001 Chapters 7-10 Power Point questions

Which of the following does NOT describe sister Chromatids? A. They have separate centromeres. B. They consist of double stranded DNA helices. C. They are part of a duplicated chromosome. D. They become independent chromosomes after they separate.

A. They have separate centromeres.

What is the purpose of having two photosystems in the light-dependent reactions? A. One photosystem fuels the light-dependent reactions; the other fuels the Calvin cycle reactions. B. The two generate different energy carriers. C. The two function in different places in the plant. D. One photosystem functions in (C)3 plants; the other functions in (C)4 plants.

B. The two generate different energy carriers.

In the figure, what wavelength would most likely be used for photosynthesis by fall plants? A. 440 nanometers B. 480 nanometers C. 500 nanometers D. 675 nanometers

C. 500 nanometers

Glycolysis is distinct from cellular respiration because ___________. A. Glycolysis does not produce ATP B. Glycolysis utilizes oxygen C. Glycolysis does not occur in the mitochondria D. The products of glycolysis do not enter the mitochondria

C. Glycolysis does not occur in the mitochondria

What is responsible for the beautiful shades of red, orange, and gold in autumn leaves? A. Accessory pigments become visible after chlorophyll breaks down. B. Chlorophyll becomes visible after accessory pigments break down. C. Carotenoids functions only during autumn. D. Chlorophyll functions only during autumn.

A. Accessory pigments become visible after chlorophyll breaks down.

How can glycolysis continue producing energy when oxygen is not present? A. Fermentation regenerates the NAD+ needed for glycolysis by allowing pyruvate to accept electrons and H+ from NADH. B. Fermentation regenerates the ATP needed for glycolysis by allowing pyruvate to accept phosphates from ADP formation. C. Fermentation produces oxygen, allowing the organism to make more energy in cellular respiration. D. Fermentation keeps oxygen, which is poisonous, from entering the cell.

A. Fermentation regenerates the NAD+ needed for glycolysis by allowing pyruvate to accept electrons and H+ from NADH.

How are the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle related? A. The energy-carrier molecules of the light- dependent reactions fuel the Calvin cycle. B. The energy-carrier molecules of the light- independent reactions fuel the Calvin cycle. C. They produce the same products. D. They occur in the same place within the thylakoid membrane.

A. The energy-carrier molecules of the light- dependent reactions fuel the Calvin cycle.

Why is the Krebs cycle appropriately named a cycle? A. The molecules that enter this chain of reactions are regenerated at the end. B. All the molecules involved in this chain of reactions are round. C. The reactions typically proceed both backward and forward. D. The energy carriers NADH and FADH2 are broken down and regenerated during this chain of reactions.

A. The molecules that enter this chain of reactions are regenerated at the end.

When less date his available during a drought, why is the rate of photosynthesis in plants reduced? A. The turgor pressure of the plant drops and the plant falls over. B. Fewer electrons are available to fuel the ETC. C. Electrons are not supplied to fuel the Calvin cycle. D. Oxygen is not available to fuel the metabolic pathway of photosynthesis.

B. Fewer electrons are available to fuel the ETC.

Why must glucose be broken down to generate ATP during cellular respiration? A. Glucose breakdown is the only source of ATP in the cell. B. For the energy released by cellular respiration, ATP is a more usable form than glucose. C. Without the breakdown of glucose to ATP, a cell would dehydrate and shrivel up. D. This breakdown gives off less heat than does any other metabolic reaction.

B. For the energy released by cellular respiration, ATP is a more usable form than glucose.

What is the significance of the (C)4 pathway? A. It gives individual plants the option of undergoing the (C)3 or (C)4 pathway for more efficient photosynthesis. B. It minimizes photorespiration in plants that live in dry environments. C. It maximizes photorespiration in plants that live in dry environments. D. It minimizes photorespiration in plants that live in humid environments.

B. It minimizes photorespiration in plants that live in dry environments.

Where in the plant does the majority of photosynthesis occur? A. Roots B. Leaves C. Stem D. Branches

B. Leaves

Where do the two chromosomes of a homologous pair originate? A. One comes from each of the nuclear divisions of meiosis. B. One comes from the mother, and one comes from the father. C. One comes from mitosis, and one comes from meiosis. D. One comes from the somatic cell, and one comes from the gamete.

B. One comes from the mother, and one comes from the father.

How is ATP synthesized in the electron transport chain? A. The energy given off by the high-energy electrons is coupled to the synthesis of NADH and FADH2. B. In a reaction coupled to the breakdown of NADH and FADH2, high-energy electrons synthesize ATP in the inner membrane. C. In chemiosmosis, as H+ flow down their concentration gradient across the inner membrane, the energy released is coupled to ATP synthesis. D. In chemiosmosis, as H+ flow against their concentration gradient across the inner membrane, the energy released is coupled to ATP synthesis.

C. In chemiosmosis, as H+ flow down their concentration gradient across the inner membrane, the energy released is coupled to ATP synthesis.

You sprain your ankle. Platelets are attracted to the sprained area. Why do they release growth factors, which activate the cell cycle? A. The skin must grow to compensate for the swelling. B. The growth factors must destroy the damaged tissue. C. The damaged cells must be replaced through mitosis. D. The damaged cells must be replace through meiosis.

C. The damaged cells must be replaced through mitosis.

You can tell the difference between a plant cell and an animal cell undergoing cytokinesis because ____. A. The animal cell has a cell wall; the plant cell has a plasma membrane. B. The animal cell has a cell plate and a cleavage furrow; the plant cell does not. C. The plant cell has a cell plate; the animal cell has a cleavage furrow. D. The plant cell has centrosomes; the animal cell has centrioles.

C. The plant cell has a cell plate; the animal cell has a cleavage furrow.

Homologous chromosomes separate during _____; sister chromatids separate during _____. A. mitosis; meiosis B. meiosis II; mitosis C. meiosis I; meiosis II D. meiosis II; meiosis I

C. meiosis I; meiosis II

In the Calvin cycle, where do the carbon atoms used to synthesize glucose originate? A. RuBP B. NADPH C. ATP D. C(O)2

D. C(O)2

Why do siblings who are not identical share some (but not all) of the same features? A. Tetrads become linked by chiasmata during mitosis. B. Nonhomologous chromosomes cross over. C. Crossing over and independent assortment during mitosis generate new genetic combinations. D. Crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis generate new genetic combinations.

D. Crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis generate new genetic combinations.

Living things consistently use energy to survive. For nearly all forms of life, this energy comes from _________. A. (O)2 B. (C)6(H)12(O)6 C. Fossil Fuels D. Sunlight

D. Sunlight

How are energy-carrier molecules generated in the light-dependent reactions? A. Energy-carrier molecules give off energy, pushing electrons through the light-dependent reactions. B. CO2 is split and releases energy, forming energy-carrier molecules. C. Water is split and releases energy, forming energy-carrier molecules. D. The energy given off as electrons jump from carrier to carrier and are captured in coupled reactions, making ATP and NADPH.

D. The energy given off as electrons jump from carrier to carrier and are captured in coupled reactions, making ATP and NADPH.