Biology-1151 Chapter 13 Mastering A & P

integration processing in the CNS

Which of these is NOT one of the essential components of a monosynaptic reflex? a. output to a peripheral effector b. input by a sensory neuron c. receptor activation d. integration processing in the CNS

spinal cord

Which of these is NOT part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? a. cranial nerves b. spinal nerves c. afferent nerve fibers d. spinal cord

myelinated axons

Which of these is absent in the gray matter of the spinal cord? a. myelinated axons b. unmyelinated axons c. dendrites d. neuroglia

All of the listed responses are correct. afferent axon efferent axon sensory receptor

A reflex arc always includes a(n) __________. a. afferent axon b. efferent axon c. sensory receptor d. All of the listed responses are correct.

Babinski sign; plantar reflex

An example of the brain affecting spinal reflexes is the replacement of the __________ by the __________. a. plantar reflex; Babinski sign b. flexor reflex; plantar reflex c. Babinski sign; flexor reflex d. Babinski sign; plantar reflex

The effect is localized and only sensory

Anesthetics administered into the epidural space are advantageous because __________. a. the effects are long lasting, even with just a single injection b. the effect is localized and only sensory c. the effect can easily be carried throughout the spinal cord region by way of cerebrospinal fluid d. the patient experiences both sensory loss and paralysis temporarily

dermatome

The region of the body surface monitored by a pair of spinal nerves is known as a __________.

PNS; CNS; PNS

In a spinal reflex, information flows from __________ to __________ to __________.

posterior

The __________ gray horns contain sensory nuclei.

spinal cord; spinal nerve

The __________ is part of the central nervous system (CNS) and the __________ is part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). a. spinal cord; spinal nerve b. brain; spinal cord c. spinal nerve; spinal cord d. cranial nerve; spinal nerve

crossed extensor

The __________ reflex is a polysynaptic reflex that involves activating muscles contralateral to the receptor.

pia mater; arachnoid mater

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is confined between the __________ and the __________.

cell bodies of unipolar neurons

The dorsal root ganglia consist mainly of __________. a. cell bodies of unipolar neurons b. cell bodies of multipolar neurons c. axons of unipolar neurons d. axons of multipolar neurons

the presence of myelinated axons

The major anatomical difference between gray matter and white matter is __________. a. that white matter is primarily in the CNS b. that gray matter is functionally organized into tracts c. the presence of myelinated axons d. that white matter is located deep to the gray matter

interneurons

The most abundant category of neurons is __________.