Biology 237: Quiz 4

Disorders involving the vagus nerve might cause

food to remain in your stomach longer.

Preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic nerves can synapse on neurons in ganglia located within the target organ. These are called ________ ganglia.

intramural

The saying "rest and digest" is the response of the ________ division of the ANS.

parasympathetic

Craniosacral division is another name for the

parasympathetic division of the ANS.

A visceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS is called a(n)________ neuron.

preganglionic

Autonomic disorders would not cause

problems related to skeletal muscle function.

What is true regarding the somatic nervous system as compared to the autonomic nervous system?

Both divisions carry outgoing motor information.

Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is false?

Preganglionic fibers are relatively short and postganglionic fibers are relatively long.

Collateral ganglia contain neurons that innervate tissues and organs in which cavity?

abdominopelvic

Postganglionic sympathetic axons can release the neurotransmitter ________ at their effector junctions.

acetylcholine, nitric oxide, norepinephrine, and ACh

If the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane binds to norepinephrine, the synapse is called

adrenergic.

Neurons that release norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter are called

adrenergic.

Postganglionic fibers release neurotransmitter on peripheral effectors

at pearl-like swellings called varicosities.

The suprarenal (adrenal) medullae secrete

both epinephrine and norepinephrine.

In the sympathetic nervous system, where are the preganglionic neurons located?

cerebellum

Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons lying along either side of the spinal cord are called sympathetic ________ ganglia.

chain

Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons that innervate organs in the abdominopelvic region are called ________ ganglia.

collateral

Sympathetic nerves

contains short preganglionic fibers and longer postganglionic fibers.

The parasympathetic division is also called the ________ division.

craniosacral

Drugs that have effects similar to those of sympathetic activation are called sympathomimetic drugs. Which of the following would you not expect to observe in a person who has taken a sympathomimetic drug?

decreased blood pressure

Each of the following effects is associated with the action of postganglionic sympathetic fibers except

decreased heart rate

The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system is said to function during "rest and digest."

parasympathetic

The parasympathetic nervous system is especially active during which physiological state?

digestion

Injury to the neurons of a collateral ganglion would affect the function of the

digestive tract

Parasympathetic functions include all of the following, except

dilation of the airways

During sympathetic activation, ________ occurs.

elevated heart rate, elevated blood pressure, sweating, and elevated blood glucose

Parasympathetic stimulation

increases gastric motility.

Splanchnic nerves

innervate the viscera or internal organs.

Preganglionic fibers that innervate the collateral ganglia form the

splanchnic nerves

Specialized ganglionic sympathetic neurons that release hormones into the bloodstream are found within the

suprarenal (adrenal) medullae.

Postganglionic fibers that innervate targets in the body wall or thoracic cavity originate on neurons within

sympathetic chain ganglia

The statement "Preganglionic axon terminals release acetylcholine" is

true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.

The statement "Its postganglionic axons always use acetylcholine as the neurotransmitter" is

true only for the parasympathetic nervous system.

Almost 75 percent of all parasympathetic outflow travels along the ________ nerve(s).

vagus