Biology: 4.3 section review

Why do living things need nutrients?

Living things need nutrient get the energy needed from the: -carbohydrates -lipids -proteins all of these are used to make your nucleic acids and carry out your bodily functions: -be multi or uni cellular -contain DNA or RNA as genetic material -be capable of growth and reproduction -demonstrate ability to respond to outside stimuli -adaptive to environments -have metabolism

How does the way the matter flows through an ecosystem differ from the way that energy flows?

Matter is recycled through ecosystems; no new matter is generated. Energy is continually input into ecosystems, and moves through ecosystems in a one-way path.

Describe one way in which water from the ocean may make one complete cycle through the atmosphere and back to the ocean. Includes names of each process involved in the cycle.

Ocean water evaporates (evaporation) into water vapor due to heat from the sun. Thus forming clouds. (condensation) Once the droplets in those clouds become heavy and large enough, they fall to Earth's surface as precipitation. This process keeps repeating.

Although oxygen does not have an independent cycle, it moves through the biosphere as part of the carbon cycle. Develop a model to illustrate how oxygen fits into the carbon cycle. Include the various forms that oxygen takes in your model.

Oxygen is a component of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. During the process of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is taken up and atmospheric oxygen is released. During cellular respiration, oxygen is combined with carbon and released in the form of carbon dioxide. Oxygen is also found in calcium carbonate, which is a part of animal skeletons and some rocks.

Explain how a nutrient can be a limiting factor in an ecosystem?

When alone these nutrients are short in supply they are considered limited. ie. Soil nutrient is limited in supply which results in stunted growth of plants in an ecosystem. A limited factor is a variable that causes a noticeable change when it is subjected to small changes.

Atmosphere

envelope of gases surrounding Earth and other planets

Biosphere

part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere

Geosphere

rocky part of earth

Hydrophere

the waters composing the Earth's surface, including oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, and vapor

Based on your knowledge of the carbon cycle and diagram from figure 4-12, predict what will happen if humans continue to clear and burn vast gases areas of foresting for farming.

If there are no trees in the forests, then there will be no source of photosynthesis resulting in the making of oxygen. When there is no photosynthesis, there is excess carbon dioxide in the air. Consumers will also not be able to have a food source which means there is no deposition from waste occurring. This basically causes a domino effect and ruins the entire carbon cycle.

Respiration

Inhalation and exhalation of air

Photosynthesis

Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy 6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 Carbon dioxide + water + energy from light produces glucose (and starches) and oxygen (optional)

What two process recycle water from land to atmosphere?

Evaporation and Transpiration