Biology Ch 5.2

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Human cells normally have ______ chromosomes.

46

During anaphase, sister ________ separate and the centromeres divide

Chromatids

When a chromosome first forms, it actually consists of two sister __________

Chromatids

There may be hundreds or even thousands of genes on a single ___________

Chromosome

_________ is the division of the cytoplasm.

Cytokinesis

Chromosomes are coiled structures made of _____ and proteins.

DNA

T or F Mitosis occurs in the following order: prophase - metaphase - telophase - anaphase.

False, Anaphase happens before telophase.

T or F Chromosomes form during metaphase

False, Chromosomes form during prophase.

T or F During mitosis, DNA exists as chromatin

False, DNA exists as chromatin only during interphase.

T or F Human cells have 64 chromosomes

False, Human cells have 46 chromosomes.

T or F Mitosis is the phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle that occurs between DNA replication and the second growth phase

False, Mitosis occurs after the G2 phase.

A _______ contains genetic the instructions for making proteins.

Gene

During ________, sister chromatids line up at the equator, or center, of the cell.

Metaphase

__________ is the division of the nucleus.

Mitosis

division of the nucleus

Mitosis

The _______ fibers ensure that sister chromatids will separate when the cell divides.

Spindle

A new nuclear membrane forms during ______.

Telophase

Anaphase

phase of mitosis in which sister chromatids separate and the centromeres divide

Metaphase

phase of mitosis in which spindle fibers attach to the centromere of each pair of sister chromatids

Telophase

phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes begin to uncoil and form chromatin

The four phases of mitosis, in order, are...

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. PMAT

Prophase

the first and longest phase of mitosis

Chromatid

two copies of replicated DNA that make a chromosome

Chromatin

uncoiled DNA

T or F A chromatid is made of two identical chromosomes.

True

T or F A gene contains the instructions to make a protein

True

T or F Chromatids separate during anaphase.

True

T or F Chromosomes are coiled structures made of DNA and proteins.

True

T or F Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division.

True

T or F Female human cells have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes.

True

T or F Prophase is the first phase of mitosis.

True

T or F Sister chromatids are identical.

True

T or F The process in which the cell divides is called mitosis.

True

T or F There may be thousands of genes on a single chromosome.

True

Homologous Chromosome

a pair of the same chromosome

Gene

a segment of DNA with the genetic instructions to make a protein

Chromosome

coiled structures made of DNA and proteins

Cytokinesis

division of the cytoplasm

Centromere

region of the chromosome where sister chromatids are attached


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