Biology Chapter 3

What is the sugar found in milk?

Lactose.

Is fructose a monosaccharide or a disaccharide?

Monosaccharide.

What is cellulose?

Polysaccharide.

What is the storage form of carbohydrates in plants?

Starch.

Polymers that contain sugars can?

Store hereditary information, store energy, and protect cells.

What is a disaccharide?

Sugar with two monosaccharides linked by a dehydration reaction.

What happens when glucose forms a ring?

The molecule loses its carbonyl group.

What is the least that two molecules can differ, and still be called different kinds of sugars?

The orientation of an OH group differs.

Name three polysaccharides.

Cellulose, starch, and glycogen.

What is the most abundant organic compound on earth?

Cellulose.

What is a polysaccharide?

A carbohydrate polymer of many monosaccharides linked by dehydration reactions.

What is a carbonyl group?

A carbon atom linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom.

What is maltose?

A disaccharide.

What is a monosaccharide?

A simple sugar with the formula multiple of CH2O

What can glucose be found in?

ATP, DNA, and starch.

What is the principle fuel molecule in the human body?

Glucose.

How do animals store energy?

Glycogen.

What is the storage form of carbohydrates in animals?

Glycogen.

Unmodified sugars can have?

H covalently bound to the C of a C=O group.

What is the difference between alpha and beta glucose?

How one of the -OH groups is oriented.

Fatty acids are?

Hydrophobic.

What are peanuts?

Unsaturated fat.