Biology Checkpoint 2

The equations represent two biochemical processes that occur in living organisms. The letter X represents a molecule produced from process 1. What molecule is represented by the letter X?

ATP

The inability of an organism to produce certain proteins can occur when an organism is lacking an enzyme needed to combine

Amino Acids

Which process uses energy to combine inorganic molecules to synthesize organic molecules?

Photosynthesis

Which process will result in a gain of energy in an ecosystem?

Photosynthesis in algae

The function of a specific enzyme is most directly influenced by its

Physical shape

Photosynthesis and respiration are alike in that they both

Require specific catalyst

Even though human proteins are synthesized from only 20 different amino acids, there are thousands of different proteins found in human cells. This great variety of proteins is possible because the

Sequence and number of amino acids can be different in each protein

A fully functioning enzyme molecule is arranged in a (tertiary structure) complex three-dimensional shape. This shapedetermines the

Specific type of molecule it interacts with during a reaction

Which statement is supported by the information in the graph below?

The enzymes respond in a similar way to changes in temperature.

In living cells, chemical processes, such as synthesis, all require the action of

biological catalysts

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a byproduct of cellular metabolism, is broken down bythe enzyme catalase which is produced by nearly all organisms. When catalase is added tohydrogen peroxide, a reaction occurs that produces bubbles of oxygen gas (O2) and water(H2O). 2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2 The laboratory setup represented below was used to investigate the effect of pH onthe breakdown of H2O2. Five setups were made with H2O2 solutions, each at a differentpH level.Catalase was added to the solution in the first setup and the reaction proceeded forone minute and the amount of gas produced by the reaction was recorded on the datatable. This exact procedure was repeated with the other four setups containing differentH2O2 solutions. Based on the investigation, the student should conclude that enzymes

function best within a specific range of conditions

An experiment was carried out to answer the question "Does the pH of water affect thegrowth of radish plants?" Two groups of ten radish plants were set up. One group waswatered with water having a pH of 3.0, and the other group was watered with water havinga pH of 7.0. Both groups of plants received the same amount and intensity of light, the sameamount of water, and they were grown in the same type of soil. The heights of the radishplants were measured every 2 days for a period of 2 weeks. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

heights of the plants

In the human body, carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen that can be transported tocells. Breathing in too much carbon monoxide will most likely result in the production of

less ATP

An experiment was carried out to answer the question "Does the pH of water affect thegrowth of radish plants?" Two groups of ten radish plants were set up. One group waswatered with water having a pH of 3.0, and the other group was watered with water havinga pH of 7.0. Both groups of plants received the same amount and intensity of light, the sameamount of water, and they were grown in the same type of soil. The heights of the radishplants were measured every 2 days for a period of 2 weeks. Which activity might help to increase the validity of this experiment?

repeating the experiment several times

A cell in the leaf of a corn plant contains more chloroplasts than a cell in the stem of a corn plant.Based on this observation, it can be inferred that, when compared to the cell in the stem, the cell in the leaf

uses more carbon dioxide