Biology: DNA to Protein
What are two differences between DNA and RNA ?
1. RNA has a ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose sugar like DNA. 2. RNA nucleotides have a uracil base instead of thymine.
How many different amino acids are there ?
20
Which of the following is not a polymer ?
Amino Acid
What are the building blocks of protein molecules ?
Amino Acids
Which carbohydrate is part of each RNA molecule ?
Ribose
In which cell organelle does the process of translation happen ?
Ribosome
In which organelle does transcription happen ?
Ribosome
Which nitrogen-containing base is found in DNA, but not in RNA ?
Thymine
What name si given to the process of turning DNA into RNA?
Transcription
Transcription and Translation are similar because they....
Both involve RNA
What name is given to the processes like digestion, which break down molecules and release energy ?
Catabolism
What is the name for a group of three nucleotides that serve as the code for choosing a single amino acid ?
Codon
What name is given to the series of three bases of DNA or RNA that code for a specific amino acid ?
Codon
What name is given to the process that copies DNA molecules and produces more DNA molecules ?
DNA Replication
In the process of transcription....
DNA is used as a template for making RNA
What shape is a DNA molecule ?
Double helix
What is the sugar that makes up the nucleotides of RNA ?
Ribose
Which molecule unwinds and "unzips" DNA molecules to prepare them to be copied ?
Helicase
In which cell organelles does the process mentioned above happen ?
Nucleus
The process mentioned above happens in which cell organelle ?
Nucleus
Beside a sugar and nitrogen containing bases, what other component is found in every DNA and RNA molecule ?
Phosphate
What name is used for a molecule made of many repeating units ?
Polymer
Which enzyme is used to add bases to new strands of DNA or RNA during the processes that make those molecules ?
Polymerase
What function do the methylated cap and poly-a tail perform in RNA ?
Protecting the RNA from damage
What kind of processes begin with Small molecules or pieces of molecules, and ends with bigger molecules ?
Protein synthesis
What type of RNA serves as the actual template for a protein molecule ?
mRNA
Which type of RNA is produced in this process ?
mRNA
When protein molecules are being assembled, what specific molecule brings each amino acid to add to the protein molecule ?
tRNA
Which molecule contains an anti-codon, and is responsible for acting like a "taxi", bringing new amino acids into place to be added onto a protein molecule?
tRNA
