Biology Final
Jellyfish are ______ percent water 25 55 75 >95
>95
The Earth is closest to the Sun during the month of: July March January September
January
In polar regions, the concentration of H20 molecules is highest: Deep in the water column Near the surface of the water In the middle of the water column None of the above
Near the surface of the water
What is it called when doctors, using a long needle, deliver medicines directly into the human brain? Fragmented interspatial relief Brain medicine delivery (BMD) Intraspinal tactical precision Stereotactic drug delivery
Stereotactic drug delivery
The percentage of Earth's biosphere is not encompassed by the ocean is: 99% 33% 1% 66%
1%
Amphibians are rapidly disappearing around the world and up to ____ of all amphibians are threatened with extinction. 1/10 1/4 1/3 1/2
1/3
The ocean currently represents approximately ___ of Earth's surface and ___ of Earth's total water content. 71% and 97% 97% and 3% 97% and 71% 97% and 99%
71% and 97%
Detritus is defined as_______ Dead plant biomass Feces and waste from animal metabolism Dead animal biomass All answers are correct
All correct
What is the longest-lived mammal? Elephant Galapagos tortoise Bowhead whale Human being
Bowhead whale
Where are tardigrades normally found? Forests Deserts Ponds Every continent and in diverse biomes
Every continent and in diverse biomes
Which of the Great Lakes is the largest, containing half of all the water in the system? Lake Huron Lake Ontario Lake Michigan Lake Superior
Lake Superior
The "keystone species" which has reshaped the ecology of much of the Yellowstone National Park, creating habitats for many other animals, is: The bald eagle The bison The otter The wolf
The wolf
The process by which predators drive ecological change throughout the natural system is called: Shifting Baseline Syndrome Domino Theory Trophic cascades Nominative determinism
Trophic cascades
Where are the Great Lakes located? Within the United States and Canada Within the United States only Within Canada only In Central America
Within the US and Canada
According to the Population Reference Bureau's "2013 World Population Data Sheet", 271 are born every minute, and 106 die every minute. That's a global net population increase of 165 per minute. This lesson was published on May 5th. What's the estimated global population increase exactly one week later (May 12th). Approximately 10 million 20,739 1,155 1,663,200
1663200
How big can a giant squid be? 15 m 18 m 23 m 45 m
18 m
How much of Earth's available fresh surface water do the Great Lakes contain? 5% 10% 20% 50%
20%
At which depth does photosynthesis generally stop? 50 m 200 m 1000 m 11000 m
200 m
The rete mirabile is a: Nerve bundle that helps the muscles, gut and brain of some sharks stay warm Bundle of lymph nodes found in different regions of some sharks' bodies that are involved in thermoregulation Group of tendons involved in fast swimming and prey detection A bundle of blood vessels where blood flowing in opposite directions transfers heat from warm vessels to cool ones
A bundle of blood vessels where blood flowing in opposite directions transfers heat from warm vessels to cool ones
Human influence on sea turtle populations has caused their survival rate to drop to nearly 1% from each nesting cycle. What factor contributes to this decline? beach development oil and other chemicals poaching plastic refuse all answers are correct
All answers are correct
Evidence of human influence is found in what part of the ocean? Coastal shorelines Coral reefs Offshore surface waters Marine trenches All of the above (and a whole lot more)
All of the above
Which of the following factors in not thought to contribute to aging? Faster tissue regeneration Cell death Older cells not working as well Slower tissue regeneration
Faster tissue regeneration
Which of the following has the shortest life span? Mouse Elephant Fly Vole
Fly
Where does the Clark's Nutcracker store Whitebark Pine seeds, and how many can it store there? In its underground den, sometimes in piles of a thousand or more In a pouch in its throat, up to 80 seeds at a time In holes it hollows out in decaying logs; the largest cache on record is 755 seeds in one spot In abandoned Mountain Bluebird nests, usually hundreds per nes
In a pouch in it's throat, up to 80 seeds at a time
An organism that others may depend on for survival is called an: Keystone species Interdependent species Diverse species Vulnerable species
Keystone species
What percentage, on average, of living plant biomass on land is consumed alive by herbivores? More than 75% 50% 25% Less than 10%
Less than 10%
What does a Population Pyramid not give you information about? Birth rates Actual number of people Life expectancy Death rates
Life expectancy
Which set of traits is not found in sharks? Ampullae of Lorenzini, tough skin to which muscles attach, large oily livers Streamlined bodies, dermal denticles and tapeta lucida Swim bladders, bony skeletons and highly maneuverable fins Fluoride-coated teeth, moveable jaws, warm bloodedness
Swim bladders, bony skeletons and highly maneuverable fins
Where can one find Whitebark Pine trees? The mountains of the western U.S. and Canada The maritime forests of the Mid-Atlantic states The swamps of the southern U.S. and Latin America The Patagonian Desert in South America Trick question! They're extinct, so they're only found in museums
The mountains of the western U.S. and Canada
Which American species is believed to have driven vast predators, like sabertooths and giant lions, off their prey? A giant bird known as the Argentine roc (Argentavis magnificens) The short-faced bear The giant ground sloth The American cheetah
The short-faced bear
Burning fossil fuels creates energy because: Of electromagnetism The stored energy in the carbon-based fossil fuel is converted from sunlight through photosynthesis Oil has super powers The potential energy of all the pressure put into the fossil fuels is being released Of gravity
The stored energy in the carbon-based fossil fuel is converted from sunlight through photosynthesis
How does the wasp make the cockroach move? The wasp bites down onto the cockroach's antennae The wasp secretes a trail of pheromones that are irresistible to the cockroach The cockroach follows the wasp without any persuasion from the wasp The cockroach never follows the wasp -- the wasp simply lays its eggs while the cockroach is doing its own thing
The wasp bites down into the cockroach's antennae
The Azioc theory states that: There is no life in the deep sea Life is only possible until 1000 m Animals cannot adapt to great depths Only giant squids can live in the deep sea
There is no life in the deep sea
How do squirrels get the Whitebark Pine seeds? They wait for Clark's Nutrackers to bury the seeds, then immediately dig them up Through an elaborate trade agreement with the Clark's Nutracker They gather Whitebark pinecones that have fallen to the ground and store them high up in the trees, so that bears do not take them They swat at the pinecones with their tails until the cones fall to the ground They chew the pinecones off the branches and then gather them on the ground
They chew the pinecones off the branches and then gather them on the ground
Currently, the Earth's rotational axis is tilted by how many degrees? 66.5 23.5 40 90
23.5
Some jellyfish have panorama vision with __________ eyes that allow them to look in 360 degrees. 4 8 24 30
24
Ancient coast redwoods can grow to ______ feet and live for _______ years. 200 feet; 3800 years 380 feet; 3800 years 380 feet; 2000 years 200 feet; 2000 years
380 feet, 2000 years
When did sharks appear in the ocean? Shortly after the big dinosaurs went extinct 200-300 million years ago 400 million years ago Half a billion years ago
400 million years ago
How many shark species are in existence today? 25 67 100-200 400-500
400-500
Some jellyfish can lay up to __________ eggs per night. 100 1,000 10,000 45,000
45000
How many eggs are laid by the mother sea turtle, and what percentage never hatches? 100 - 150, 37% 50 - 200, 20% 15 - 25, 40% 500 - 1000, 60%
50-200, 20%
The explosive sting of some jellyfish exerts ____ times the pressure of Mike Tyson's strongest punch. 1/5 1/2 5 550
550
How long have Artic glass sponges been estimated to live? <10 years >100,000 years About 1,000 years >10,000 years
>10000 years
Which statement about sharks is false? A shark has tiny tooth-like structures on its skin called dermal denticles that interact with the water to slow it down Shark trunk muscles attach directly to its skin and help transfer muscular contractions to the tail In addition to having a keen sense of smell, sharks can also sense electrical signals from their prey Sharks have flexible bodies made of cartilage, which is lighter than bone
A shark has tiny tooth-like structures on its skin called dermal denticles that interact with the water to slow it down
How many species of tardigrades have been discovered? 1 About 100 About 15,000 About 1,100
About 1,100
Amphibians are under threat from which of the following factors? Pollution and pesticides Habitat destruction Over-harvesting for the pet and food trades All answers are correct
All are correct
A simple way to help frogs is to _____. Improving your ecological footprint Living a more environmentally-friendly life Not using pesticides All answers are correct
All correct
Factors that can alter the trend represented by a population pyramid include: Industrialization Natural disasters Education of women All answers are correct
All correct
Which of the following best defines a parasite? A close, prolonged association between two or more different organisms of different species that may, but does not necessarily, benefit each member An organism that lives in a close relationship with another organism, its host, and causes it harm An anatomical structure that is capable of being introverted and exclusively focuses upon itself A plant considered undesirable, unattractive, or troublesome, especially one growing where it is not wanted, as in a garden
An organism that lives in a close relationship with another organism, its host, and causes it harm
Which animals are typical deep sea animals? Polar bears and seals Killer whales and clown fish Angler fish and spider crabs Penguins and sea elephants
Angler fish and spider crabs
As a country slows in population growth, its pyramid shape will: Become wider at the base and narrower at the top Be inverted Become more rectangular Bulge in the middle
Become more rectangular
Ecosystem diversity, species diversity, genetic diversity all interwine to create: Vulnerability Biodiversity Interdependence Recycling
Biodiversity
What may cause a species to become less genetically diverse? Isolation from members of its species Low population numbers Both A and B None of the above
Both A and B
The poles of the planet experience many months in a row when the Sun never sets. Why are the North and South poles still relatively cold during these times? The sun is still low in the sky, so solar intensity is low The Sun is low in the sky so solar intensity is high The poles were cooling for six months with no sunlight, and it takes a long time to warm up Both a and c are correct
Both a and c are correct.
What is the famed Washington DC plant that is affecting economic conditions because it is experiencing an earlier bud burst? Magnolias Bradford pears Azaleas Cherry trees
Cherry trees
Which of the following terms refer to an organism that consumes non-living organic material? Herbivore Predator Detritivore Mutualist
Detrivore
Where does the water in the Great Lakes eventually end up? In the Pacific Ocean In the Atlantic Ocean In the Mississippi River It stays within the Great Lakes system
In the Atlantic Ocean
When a tardigrade dries out, what does it do? Curls up into a ball like structure known as a 'tun' Extends its legs and goes rigid Nothing, they just stop moving Flatten themselves out
It curls up into a ball like structure known as a "tun"
Which adaptation is commonly observed in deep sea animals? Swimming against the current Swimming sack Bioluminescence Lack of legs
Lack of legs
Are water molecules in cold water moving rapidly? (Y or N)
No
The mass restoration of the natural world is widely known as: Regreening Rewilding Re-enchanting Re-invigorating
Rewilding
Jellyfish derived fluorescent and bioluminescent compounds are used for all the following except: Cancer Research AIDS research Alzheimer's disease research Skyscraper construction materials
Skyscraper construction materials
How is it thought that tardigrades protect their cellular components when they dry out? They do not have to; their cellular components are just tougher than normal They produce molecules that form a protective matrix within their cells They do not protect their cellular components at all; instead they repair the damage after they are rehydrated The do not protect their cellular components; instead they make new undamaged components once they are rehydrated
They produce molecules that form a protective matrix within their cells
During visits to their grandparent's cabin, what did Grandma Poe teach Stephen and Scott Sillett? How to play Dungeons and Dragons To identify birds, plants, and lichens How to climb tall trees To track the flight patterns of migratory birds
To identify birds, plants, and lichens
What is the top predator in the ancient coast redwood canopy? Marbled murrelet Squirrel Earthworm Wandering salamander
Wandering salamander
Humans breathe in _______ and exhale _______. * oxygen; CO2 CO2; oxygen oxygen; oxygen CO2; CO2 oxygen; carbon monoxide
oxygen, CO2
Phenology comes from two Greek words: pheno and logos. What do they mean? variation; meaning to show or appear; to study plants; to study the natural world; meaning
to show or appear; to study
Approximately how many decades does it take a female sea turtle to reach the stage where she can return to the beach and nest herself? three four one two
two
How many shark species are threatened? All shark species are threatened One-third None
1/3
Greenhouse gases are created by: Cutting down trees Burning fossil fuels Decomposing organic matter Waste created throughout the food chain All answers are correct
All correct
What is the world's tallest mountain? K2 Mount Everest Kilimanjaro Mauna Kea
Mauna Kea
In temperature regions, the concentration of salt ions is highest: Deep in the water column Near the surface of the water In the middle of the water column
Near the surface of the water
In the northern hemisphere, the Sun reaches the greatest height in the sky at solar noon on which day? The autumnal equinox The vernal equinox The summer solstice The winter solstice
The summer solstice
Pesticides can harm frogs by _____. Weakening their immune systems Causing developmental deformities Weakening their immune systems and Causing developmental deformities None of the answers are correct
Weakening their immune systems and causing developmental deformities
For every one degree rise in temperature, bud burst happens how many days earlier? two five ten twenty-five
five
Coral reefs are essential for the survival of other organisms. They provide: Microhabitats Shelter Breeding grounds All of the above
All of the above
The tapir and agouti are ______ found in the Amazon Rainforest Carnivores Omnivores Herbivores Decomposers
Herbivores
How long have sea turtles been around? 150 thousand years, since the late TriBeCa period 900 years, since the formation of Pangea 150 million years, since the late Jurassic period 72 years, since your grandmother was in diapers
150 million years, since the late Jurassic period
What's a simple definition of symbiosis? Two or more species occupying the same habitat who "specialize" and thus avoid competing with one another for resources It's what results from convergent evolution A mutually beneficial relationship between different species One species lives inside another species, and the host either benefits or is not affected one way or another
A mutually beneficial relationship between different species
During their first few days of life, sea turtle hatchlings swim frantically out into the ocean, driven by instinct to seek shelter in: a patch of floating seaweed. coral reef. large schools of fish. the Mariana trench.
A patch of floating seaweed
How does the Whitebark Pine benefit from its association with the Clark's Nutcracker? A single bird can "plant" up to 90,000 Whitebark Pine seeds each autumn The birds, who nest exclusively in Whitebark Pines, eat harmful insects that would otherwise destroy the trees' bark It can produce up to a third fewer seeds in areas where its range overlaps with the bird, because of more efficient seed dispersal via the birds' eating and excreting the seeds across a wider area More than 700,000 "likes" from Clark's Nutcracker fans on Facebook
A single bird can "plant" up to 90,000 Whitebark Pine seeds each autumn
Amphibians are important because _____. They eat ticks, mosquitoes and flies that spread harmful diseases They are an integral part of the food web When a frog species disappears, there goes any potential for improving human health through the continued existence of that species They look cool and people love them, making the world a more enjoyable place to live and helping humans connect with the natural world All answers are correct
All correct
What kind of real world applications do scientists hope to develop by studying tardigrades? Methods for stabilizing sensitive biomedical materials, like vaccines Generate stress tolerant crops Develop therapies and counter measures to the harmful effects of prolonged space flight Identify where new forms of life might be found All of the answers are correct
All correct
The benefits provided by the Great Lakes system include: International shipping and transportation A high rate of biodiversity Potable water for human activity All of the above
All of the above
The rich diversity of life found in the redwood crowns included: Epiphytic trees like douglas-firs, hemlocks, and tan-oaks; ferns, currant, huckleberry and elderberry bushes. Invertebrates like ants, beetles, earthworms, copepods, and bumble bees. Marbled murrelets, squirrels, voles. All of the above
All of the above
Jellyfish have one of the earliest nervous systems. It is called a neural __________ that weaves around the inner margin of the bell. Brain Net Cognition Hippocampus
Net
A shark's skeleton is made from the same skeletal material in your: Spinal cord Nose Digestive tract Toenails
Nose
Substances in nature tend to move from Low to high concentration High to low concentration Randomly regardless of concentration Not at all - substances don't move
High to low concentration
In temperate regions, the ocean surface water is heated by the sun, causing some water molecules to evaporate. How would you expect this to affect the concentration of salt molecules? * Increased concentration of salt Decreased concentration of salt No change in salt concentrations None of the above
Increased concentration of salt
In an advanced stage of industrialization, a country will exhibit which set of characteristics? Low birth and death rates, stable population, good living conditions, long life expectancy High birth and death rates, stable population, poor living condition, short life expectancy High birth rate and low death rate, growing population, good living conditions, long life expectancy High birth and death rates, stable population, harsh living conditions, short life expectancy
Low birth and death rates, stable population, good living conditions, long life expectancy
What did Stephen observe on the tops of large branches inside the crown? Mats of soils many inches thick Different types of lichens Pine cones Wasp nests
Mats of soils many inches thick
Which of the following factors is thought to contribute to the short lifespam of roundworms? Most cells unable to divide Improved DNA repair Susceptibility to infections Highly dividing cells
Most cells unable to divide
What is bud burst? The day when a tree or a plant's leaf or flower falls to the ground The day when a tree or plant's leaf or flower spills its seeds The day when a tree or a plant's leaf or flower opens The day when a tree or a plant's leaf or flower attracts the most pollinators
The day when a tree or a plant's leaf or flower opens
What moves into the cockroach? Nothing moves into the cockroach -- the wasp larva moves out of the cockroach once it's big / strong enough The adult wasp moves inside in order to eat the wasp as a final boost of nutrition before mating The wasp larva feeds from the outside until it's big / strong enough to move inside Nothing moves into the cockroach -- the wasp lays the egg inside the cockroach
The wasp larva feeds from the outside until it's big / strong enough to move inside
What molecule from the atmosphere is captured during photosynthesis to generate plant food and biomass? methane carbon dioxide water glucose
carbon dioxide
Seasonal change is a result of: Changes in daylight hours throughout the year Changes in solar intensity throughout the year The axial tilt of the Earth All of the above
(all of the above)
Which continent would have the most fast growth pyramids? Africa Asia North America South America
Africa
The term "One Ocean" refers to The Pacific The Atlantic The Arctic The Southern All of the above
All of the above
What is the scientific name for the Jewel Wasp? Ampulex compressa Lamprima aurata Rhinotia hemistictus Bombus terrestris
Ampulex compressa
What is phenology? Observing the timing of biological events in relation to changes in season and climate Observing the movement of population events in relation to changes in plants and animals Observing the occurrence of business events in relation to changes in supply and demand Observing an individual's psychological stability in relation to changes in sunlight and darkness
Observing the timing of biological events in relation to changes in season and climate